TCDHA PHARM MIDTERM EXAM TEST (2026/2027) ||
MOST RECENT EXAM ACTUAL COMPLETE REAL
VERIFIED EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) ALREADY GRADED
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What is Ergot used for as a poison and as a drug? -
Answer-Poison: grew on head of rye and ended out in
bread, causing mass epidemics of hallucinations, loss of
limbs (due to low blood flow), and violent uterine
contractions
Drug: two active principles- ergotamine and ergovine
What does ergotamine do? - Answer-useful in treating
migraines; thought to constrict blood vessels and lessen
pulsations in arterial blood vessels that cause migraines
What are examples of drugs that act on the brain? -
Answer-reserpine, chlorpromazine, lysergic acid
diethylamide (LSD), anaesthetics (nitrous oxide, ether)
What does ergonovine do? - Answer-used to hasten birth
but was stopped due to possible injury of the mother from
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rapid delivery; still used to stop uterine bleeding after
childbirth
What are reserpine and chlorpromazine and what are they
used for? - Answer--extracts of the rauwolfia plant
-used to calm mentally ill patients (from
anxious/tense/hostile to placid/tranquil)
-social benefit because patients were able to return to their
families and work
What is lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and why is it
important? - Answer--synthesized by Albert Hofmann
-similar in chemical structure to ergotamine and
ergonovine
-discovery of psychedelic effects supported the idea that
some mental illnesses were due to potent substances in
the brain
What is nitrous oxide and how was it first used? - Answer--
anaesthetic that lessens pain perception
-discovered in the 1840s by Wells, a dentist who watched
a performance where a guy took laughing gas, got in a
fight, and didn't notice he gashed his leg
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-Wells tried it in dental procedures
What is ether and how was it first used? - Answer--1818
Faraday pointed out its properties similar to nitrous oxide
-Morton was interested in anaesthesia and practiced with
ether on himself and animals
-he asked the professor of surgery to try it and they did
-first operation under ether was at the Massachusetts
General Hospital
What are some examples of drugs that act on infection
diseases? - Answer-organoarsenicals, sulfa drugs,
penicillin, streptomycin
Who discovered organoarsenicals and what do they do? -
Answer--Paul Ehrlich made complexes of arsenic and
organic molecules in the 1900s
-organoarsenicals selectively bind to parasites, leading to
a dramatic cure for syphilis in the early 20th century
Paul Ehrlich is known as the "Father of ______" - Answer-
Chemotherapy
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Who discovered sulfa drugs and what do they do? -
Answer--Gerhard Domagk introduced them in 1930s
Germany
-first synthetic drugs to treat bacterial diseases, termed
"antibacterial" compounds
What is a drug? - Answer-any substance received by the
body for non-nutritional purposes that influences biological
function
What is pharmacology? - Answer-study of drugs, their
uses, effects, and methods of action
What was the influence of Ancient China on
pharmacology? - Answer--experiements in 2700 BC
-emperor Shen Nung classified drugs by taste
-Ma Huang was used for cough, flu, fever
How is Ma Huang relevant today? - Answer--ephedrine
was isolated from it, which is used to treat asthma
-a derivative of ephedrine is used as a decongestant