STRESS MANAGEMENT SERIES EXSC 410
ACTUAL EXAM SCRIPT 2026 COMPLETE
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A+
◉Pituitary Gland Releases:. Answer: Vasopressin/ADH: reduces
water loss to maintain blood volume
Oxytocin: social hormone, vasoconstriction
Growth-hormone: gluconeogenesis in liver, mobilize fat, protein
synthesis
Thyroid-stimulating hormone: helps to release thyroid hormone
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone: helps to release cortisol and
aldosterone
◉Thyroid Gland. Answer: TSH signals the thyroid gland to release
T4 (thyroxin) and T3 (triiodothyronine)
Functions of T3 & T4:
- increase respiration, metabolic rate, metabolism of
proteins/carbs/fats, gluconeogenesis in the liver, heart rate,
sensitive to epinephrine/norepinephrine
◉Adrenal Gland. Answer: Inner layer: adrenal medulla
,- when stimulated by the hypothalamus, catecholamines are
released
Outer layer: adrenal cortex
- Hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis
- secretes glucocorticoids and mineralocoritcoids
◉7 Functions of catecholamines (Epi/norepinephrine). Answer: -
increased heart rate
- dilation of coronary arteries
- blood vessel constriction
- dilation of bronchial tubes
- inhibition of GI tract
- dilation of pupils
- mobilize glucose from liver
◉Functions of mineralocorticoid (aldosterone). Answer: works on
kidneys ot reuptake sodium resulting in water retention
- increases blood pressure
◉General Adaption Syndrome (homeostasis changes). Answer:
Alarm -> shoots down a little
, Resistance -> shoots up, inc heart rate & high tension, dec digestion
& immunity
Exhaustion -> shows down all the way
◉Hypothalamus and blood pressure. Answer: - aldosterone
- oxytocin
- cardiac contraction force (sympathetic NS)
◉Glucocorticoids (cortisol). Answer: - primary stress hormone
- provides fuel for fight or flight response
- chronically high levels lead to disease
◉Functions of glucocorticoids (cortisol). Answer: Provides fuel for
stress reactivity by increasing availability of all macronutrients to be
metabolized
- protein: mobilized from all tissues (except the liver), inhibits
protein synthesis
- Carbs: stored glucose is released from the liver, gluconeogenesis
(from amino acids
- Fat: breakdown of triglycerides in adipose tissue (this increases the
amount of free-fatty acids)
◉Functions of glucocorticoids (cortisol) continued.... Answer:
Insulin: cortisol counteracts the effects of insulin
ACTUAL EXAM SCRIPT 2026 COMPLETE
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A+
◉Pituitary Gland Releases:. Answer: Vasopressin/ADH: reduces
water loss to maintain blood volume
Oxytocin: social hormone, vasoconstriction
Growth-hormone: gluconeogenesis in liver, mobilize fat, protein
synthesis
Thyroid-stimulating hormone: helps to release thyroid hormone
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone: helps to release cortisol and
aldosterone
◉Thyroid Gland. Answer: TSH signals the thyroid gland to release
T4 (thyroxin) and T3 (triiodothyronine)
Functions of T3 & T4:
- increase respiration, metabolic rate, metabolism of
proteins/carbs/fats, gluconeogenesis in the liver, heart rate,
sensitive to epinephrine/norepinephrine
◉Adrenal Gland. Answer: Inner layer: adrenal medulla
,- when stimulated by the hypothalamus, catecholamines are
released
Outer layer: adrenal cortex
- Hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis
- secretes glucocorticoids and mineralocoritcoids
◉7 Functions of catecholamines (Epi/norepinephrine). Answer: -
increased heart rate
- dilation of coronary arteries
- blood vessel constriction
- dilation of bronchial tubes
- inhibition of GI tract
- dilation of pupils
- mobilize glucose from liver
◉Functions of mineralocorticoid (aldosterone). Answer: works on
kidneys ot reuptake sodium resulting in water retention
- increases blood pressure
◉General Adaption Syndrome (homeostasis changes). Answer:
Alarm -> shoots down a little
, Resistance -> shoots up, inc heart rate & high tension, dec digestion
& immunity
Exhaustion -> shows down all the way
◉Hypothalamus and blood pressure. Answer: - aldosterone
- oxytocin
- cardiac contraction force (sympathetic NS)
◉Glucocorticoids (cortisol). Answer: - primary stress hormone
- provides fuel for fight or flight response
- chronically high levels lead to disease
◉Functions of glucocorticoids (cortisol). Answer: Provides fuel for
stress reactivity by increasing availability of all macronutrients to be
metabolized
- protein: mobilized from all tissues (except the liver), inhibits
protein synthesis
- Carbs: stored glucose is released from the liver, gluconeogenesis
(from amino acids
- Fat: breakdown of triglycerides in adipose tissue (this increases the
amount of free-fatty acids)
◉Functions of glucocorticoids (cortisol) continued.... Answer:
Insulin: cortisol counteracts the effects of insulin
