MINDPLUG SOLUTIONS™ | A+ VERIFIED EXAM PREP
NUR 6501 ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY MIDTERM
(WALDEN) – VERIFIED Q&A (2026 A+ GUIDE)
A runner has depleted all the oxygen available for muscle energy. Which of the following
will facilitate his continued muscle performance?
Answer: Anaerobic glycolysis
What causes the rapid change in the resting membrane potential that initiates an action
potential?
Answer: Sodium gates open, and sodium rushes into the cell, changing the membrane
potential from negative to positive.
A 12-year-old male is diagnosed with Klinefelter syndrome. His karyotype would reveal
which of the following?
Answer: XXY
A nurse is reviewing the pedigree chart. When checking for a proband, what is the nurse
looking for?
Answer: The person who is first diagnosed with a genetic disease
An aide asks the nurse why people who have neurofibromatosis will show varying degrees
of the disease. Which genetic principle should the nurse explain to the aide?
Answer: Expressivity
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In teaching a patient with cirrhosis, which information should the nurse include regarding
cholesterol?
Answer: Cholesterol decreases the membrane fluidity of the erythrocyte, which reduces its
ability to carry oxygen.
When a patient asks what causes cystic fibrosis, how should the nurse respond? Cystic
fibrosis is caused by an _____ gene
Answer: Autosomal recessive
How are potassium and sodium transported across plasma membranes?
Answer: By adenosine triphosphate enzyme (ATPase)
The nurse would be correct in identifying the predominant extracellular cation as:
Answer: Sodium
The early dilation (swelling) of the cell's endoplasmic reticulum results in:
Answer: Reduced protein synthesis
What principle should the nurse remember when trying to distinguish aging from diseases?
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Answer: It is difficult to tell the difference because both processes are believed to result
from cell injury.
What is the diagnosis of a 13-year-old female who has a karyotype that reveals an absent
homologous X chromosome with only a single X chromosome present? Her features
include a short stature, widely spaced nipples, reduced carrying angle at the elbow, and
sparse body hair.
Answer: Turner syndrome
A eukaryotic cell is undergoing DNA replication. In which region of the cell would most of
the genetic information be contained?
Answer: Nucleolus
The nurse is teaching staff about the most common cause of Down syndrome. What is the
nurse describing?
Answer: Maternal nondisjunction
A 50-year-old male was recently diagnosed with Huntington disease. Transmission of this
disease is associated with:
Answer: Delayed age of onset
A patient wants to know the risk factors for Down syndrome. What is the nurse's best
response?
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Answer: Pregnancy in women over age 35
What is the role of cytokines in cell reproduction?
Answer: Provide growth factor for tissue growth and development
A newborn male is diagnosed with albinism based on skin, eye, and hair appearance.
Which finding will support this diagnosis?
Answer: Inability to convert tyrosine to DOPA (3,4 dihydroxyphenylalanine)
Sodium and water accumulation in an injured cell are a direct result of:
Answer: Decreased ATP production
A nurse is reading a chart and sees the term oncotic pressure. The nurse recalls that
oncotic pressure (colloid osmotic pressure) is determined by:
Answer: Plasma proteins
The ion transporter that moves Na + and Ca 2+ simultaneously in the same direction is an
example of which of the following types of transport?
Answer: Symport
© 2026 MindPlug Solutions™
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Success Starts with Smart Preparation.
NUR 6501 ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY MIDTERM
(WALDEN) – VERIFIED Q&A (2026 A+ GUIDE)
A runner has depleted all the oxygen available for muscle energy. Which of the following
will facilitate his continued muscle performance?
Answer: Anaerobic glycolysis
What causes the rapid change in the resting membrane potential that initiates an action
potential?
Answer: Sodium gates open, and sodium rushes into the cell, changing the membrane
potential from negative to positive.
A 12-year-old male is diagnosed with Klinefelter syndrome. His karyotype would reveal
which of the following?
Answer: XXY
A nurse is reviewing the pedigree chart. When checking for a proband, what is the nurse
looking for?
Answer: The person who is first diagnosed with a genetic disease
An aide asks the nurse why people who have neurofibromatosis will show varying degrees
of the disease. Which genetic principle should the nurse explain to the aide?
Answer: Expressivity
© 2026 MindPlug Solutions™
If this resource helped you, explore more top-rated study guides on our profile.
Success Starts with Smart Preparation.
,MINDPLUG SOLUTIONS™ | A+ VERIFIED EXAM PREP
In teaching a patient with cirrhosis, which information should the nurse include regarding
cholesterol?
Answer: Cholesterol decreases the membrane fluidity of the erythrocyte, which reduces its
ability to carry oxygen.
When a patient asks what causes cystic fibrosis, how should the nurse respond? Cystic
fibrosis is caused by an _____ gene
Answer: Autosomal recessive
How are potassium and sodium transported across plasma membranes?
Answer: By adenosine triphosphate enzyme (ATPase)
The nurse would be correct in identifying the predominant extracellular cation as:
Answer: Sodium
The early dilation (swelling) of the cell's endoplasmic reticulum results in:
Answer: Reduced protein synthesis
What principle should the nurse remember when trying to distinguish aging from diseases?
© 2026 MindPlug Solutions™
If this resource helped you, explore more top-rated study guides on our profile.
Success Starts with Smart Preparation.
,MINDPLUG SOLUTIONS™ | A+ VERIFIED EXAM PREP
Answer: It is difficult to tell the difference because both processes are believed to result
from cell injury.
What is the diagnosis of a 13-year-old female who has a karyotype that reveals an absent
homologous X chromosome with only a single X chromosome present? Her features
include a short stature, widely spaced nipples, reduced carrying angle at the elbow, and
sparse body hair.
Answer: Turner syndrome
A eukaryotic cell is undergoing DNA replication. In which region of the cell would most of
the genetic information be contained?
Answer: Nucleolus
The nurse is teaching staff about the most common cause of Down syndrome. What is the
nurse describing?
Answer: Maternal nondisjunction
A 50-year-old male was recently diagnosed with Huntington disease. Transmission of this
disease is associated with:
Answer: Delayed age of onset
A patient wants to know the risk factors for Down syndrome. What is the nurse's best
response?
© 2026 MindPlug Solutions™
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Success Starts with Smart Preparation.
, MINDPLUG SOLUTIONS™ | A+ VERIFIED EXAM PREP
Answer: Pregnancy in women over age 35
What is the role of cytokines in cell reproduction?
Answer: Provide growth factor for tissue growth and development
A newborn male is diagnosed with albinism based on skin, eye, and hair appearance.
Which finding will support this diagnosis?
Answer: Inability to convert tyrosine to DOPA (3,4 dihydroxyphenylalanine)
Sodium and water accumulation in an injured cell are a direct result of:
Answer: Decreased ATP production
A nurse is reading a chart and sees the term oncotic pressure. The nurse recalls that
oncotic pressure (colloid osmotic pressure) is determined by:
Answer: Plasma proteins
The ion transporter that moves Na + and Ca 2+ simultaneously in the same direction is an
example of which of the following types of transport?
Answer: Symport
© 2026 MindPlug Solutions™
If this resource helped you, explore more top-rated study guides on our profile.
Success Starts with Smart Preparation.
