Mayra's Practice Test--WITH
RATIONALES
A patient presents with barrel chest, cyanosis, and pursed-lip breathing.
Which respiratory disorder is most likely? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Chronic
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)--Rationale: Emphysema causes
alveolar destruction leading to barrel chest, cyanosis, and pursed-lip
breathing.
A client with Addison's disease reports salt cravings and fatigue. Which
electrolyte imbalance is most expected? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Hyponatremia--
,Rationale: Addison's disease causes sodium loss and salt craving due to
decreased aldosterone.
A patient becomes disoriented and forgetful after a head injury. What
diagnosis should the nurse suspect? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Concussion--
Rationale: Post-head trauma confusion and memory loss are hallmark
features of concussion.
A client with End-Stage Renal Disease is most likely to exhibit which lab
finding? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Elevated BUN and creatinine, low eGFR--
Rationale: ESRD causes nitrogen retention and impaired kidney filtration.
A patient with a moon-shaped face, truncal obesity, and bruising likely has
which condition? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Cushing's syndrome--Rationale: Excess
cortisol causes "moon face," truncal obesity, and muscle wasting.
Which test is most accurate in confirming Cushing's syndrome? -
🧠ANSWER ✔✔ACTH stimulation test--Rationale: Used to diagnose adrenal
gland dysfunction by measuring cortisol response.
Which electrolyte imbalance can cause palpitations, weakness, and
irregular heartbeat? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Hypokalemia--Rationale: Low
, potassium disrupts cardiac function causing arrhythmias and muscle
weakness.
A patient presents with painful blisters and redness after a kitchen burn.
What degree burn is this? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Second-degree burn--Rationale:
Partial-thickness burns cause blistering and severe pain
A female client has pelvic pain and foul-smelling vaginal discharge. Which
infection is suspected? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)-
-Rationale: Caused by chlamydia or gonorrhea leading to pelvic pain and
discharge.
Which autoimmune disease causes fatigue, goiter, and hypothyroidism? -
🧠ANSWER ✔✔Hashimoto's thyroiditis--Rationale: Autoimmune destruction
of thyroid tissue leads to hypothyroidism.
A patient presents with sudden weakness on one side of the body and
slurred speech. What is the nurse's priority action? - 🧠ANSWER
✔✔Suspect stroke — activate emergency response--Rationale: Sudden
weakness and dysarthria indicate cerebrovascular accident.
A patient with HTN and diabetes develops acute shortness of breath and
chest pressure radiating to the left arm. Which condition is suspected? -
3
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2026. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
RATIONALES
A patient presents with barrel chest, cyanosis, and pursed-lip breathing.
Which respiratory disorder is most likely? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Chronic
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)--Rationale: Emphysema causes
alveolar destruction leading to barrel chest, cyanosis, and pursed-lip
breathing.
A client with Addison's disease reports salt cravings and fatigue. Which
electrolyte imbalance is most expected? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Hyponatremia--
,Rationale: Addison's disease causes sodium loss and salt craving due to
decreased aldosterone.
A patient becomes disoriented and forgetful after a head injury. What
diagnosis should the nurse suspect? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Concussion--
Rationale: Post-head trauma confusion and memory loss are hallmark
features of concussion.
A client with End-Stage Renal Disease is most likely to exhibit which lab
finding? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Elevated BUN and creatinine, low eGFR--
Rationale: ESRD causes nitrogen retention and impaired kidney filtration.
A patient with a moon-shaped face, truncal obesity, and bruising likely has
which condition? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Cushing's syndrome--Rationale: Excess
cortisol causes "moon face," truncal obesity, and muscle wasting.
Which test is most accurate in confirming Cushing's syndrome? -
🧠ANSWER ✔✔ACTH stimulation test--Rationale: Used to diagnose adrenal
gland dysfunction by measuring cortisol response.
Which electrolyte imbalance can cause palpitations, weakness, and
irregular heartbeat? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Hypokalemia--Rationale: Low
, potassium disrupts cardiac function causing arrhythmias and muscle
weakness.
A patient presents with painful blisters and redness after a kitchen burn.
What degree burn is this? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Second-degree burn--Rationale:
Partial-thickness burns cause blistering and severe pain
A female client has pelvic pain and foul-smelling vaginal discharge. Which
infection is suspected? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)-
-Rationale: Caused by chlamydia or gonorrhea leading to pelvic pain and
discharge.
Which autoimmune disease causes fatigue, goiter, and hypothyroidism? -
🧠ANSWER ✔✔Hashimoto's thyroiditis--Rationale: Autoimmune destruction
of thyroid tissue leads to hypothyroidism.
A patient presents with sudden weakness on one side of the body and
slurred speech. What is the nurse's priority action? - 🧠ANSWER
✔✔Suspect stroke — activate emergency response--Rationale: Sudden
weakness and dysarthria indicate cerebrovascular accident.
A patient with HTN and diabetes develops acute shortness of breath and
chest pressure radiating to the left arm. Which condition is suspected? -
3
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2026. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
