GIT - Expected Clinical Cases
[1] A 6-year-old boy developed severe watery diarrhea (12–15 times) and vomiting since last 2 days.
Stool collected has a rice water type of appearance. On inquiry, it was found that two other members of
same family and few children of the same locality also suffered from similar presentation last week.
1.What is your probable clinical diagnosis?
2. What are the etiological agents, pathogenesis and clinical manifestations?
3. Describe the laboratory diagnosis in detail.
4. What are the treatment modalities according to the etiological agents?
[2] In an outpatient department, a 2-year-old child presented with tenesmus, abdominal pain and passage
of bloody diarrhea with mucus, eight times for the past 2 days.
1. What is your probable clinical diagnosis?
2. What are the etiological agents, pathogenesis and clinical manifestations?
3. Describe the laboratory diagnosis in detail.
4. What are the treatment modalities according to the etiological agents?
[3] A 4-year-old boy developed severe watery diarrhea and vomiting. The stool collected has a rice water
type of appearance. It was sent for bacteriological analysis.
1. What is the probable etiological diagnosis of this condition?
2. Describe in detail the pathogenesis of this condition.
3. Add a note on its laboratory diagnosis.
[4] A group of patients presented to the emergency department with chief complaints of fever, vomiting
and diarrhea. All of them had attended a birthday party 4–6 hours back.
1. What is your probable clinical diagnosis?
2. What are the etiological agents, pathogenesis and clinical manifestations?
3. Describe the laboratory diagnosis in detail.
4. What are the treatment modalities according to the etiological agents?
[5] A 17-year-old boy presented with bloody diarrhea with mucus and pus cells, colicky abdominal pain,
fever, and prostration. The wet mount examination of the stool sample was performed which showed
trophozoites of 5–20 μm, actively motile, with finger-like pseudopodia.
1. What is the etiological diagnosis?
2. Describe the pathogenesis and clinical manifestations produced.
3. What are the various diagnostic modalities?
4. How will you treat this condition?
[6] A 46-year-old female patient infected with HIV presented to the casualty with severe profuse diarrhea,
with a frequency of 15 times a day for the past 10 days. She also complained of weight loss and
abdominal pain. The stool specimen was subjected for modified acid-fast staining, which revealed round
sporulated oocysts (4–6 μm in size), containing four sporozoites.
1. Identify the etiological agent.
2. Write briefly about the life cycle of the etiological agent.
3. What are the various diagnostic modalities?
4. How will you treat this clinical condition?
[7] A 3-year-old boy presented with recurrent episodes of foul-smelling diarrhea, foul flatus, sulfurous
belching and profound weight loss. The wet mount examination of the stool sample revealed pear-shaped
trophozoites with falling leaf-like motility.
[1] A 6-year-old boy developed severe watery diarrhea (12–15 times) and vomiting since last 2 days.
Stool collected has a rice water type of appearance. On inquiry, it was found that two other members of
same family and few children of the same locality also suffered from similar presentation last week.
1.What is your probable clinical diagnosis?
2. What are the etiological agents, pathogenesis and clinical manifestations?
3. Describe the laboratory diagnosis in detail.
4. What are the treatment modalities according to the etiological agents?
[2] In an outpatient department, a 2-year-old child presented with tenesmus, abdominal pain and passage
of bloody diarrhea with mucus, eight times for the past 2 days.
1. What is your probable clinical diagnosis?
2. What are the etiological agents, pathogenesis and clinical manifestations?
3. Describe the laboratory diagnosis in detail.
4. What are the treatment modalities according to the etiological agents?
[3] A 4-year-old boy developed severe watery diarrhea and vomiting. The stool collected has a rice water
type of appearance. It was sent for bacteriological analysis.
1. What is the probable etiological diagnosis of this condition?
2. Describe in detail the pathogenesis of this condition.
3. Add a note on its laboratory diagnosis.
[4] A group of patients presented to the emergency department with chief complaints of fever, vomiting
and diarrhea. All of them had attended a birthday party 4–6 hours back.
1. What is your probable clinical diagnosis?
2. What are the etiological agents, pathogenesis and clinical manifestations?
3. Describe the laboratory diagnosis in detail.
4. What are the treatment modalities according to the etiological agents?
[5] A 17-year-old boy presented with bloody diarrhea with mucus and pus cells, colicky abdominal pain,
fever, and prostration. The wet mount examination of the stool sample was performed which showed
trophozoites of 5–20 μm, actively motile, with finger-like pseudopodia.
1. What is the etiological diagnosis?
2. Describe the pathogenesis and clinical manifestations produced.
3. What are the various diagnostic modalities?
4. How will you treat this condition?
[6] A 46-year-old female patient infected with HIV presented to the casualty with severe profuse diarrhea,
with a frequency of 15 times a day for the past 10 days. She also complained of weight loss and
abdominal pain. The stool specimen was subjected for modified acid-fast staining, which revealed round
sporulated oocysts (4–6 μm in size), containing four sporozoites.
1. Identify the etiological agent.
2. Write briefly about the life cycle of the etiological agent.
3. What are the various diagnostic modalities?
4. How will you treat this clinical condition?
[7] A 3-year-old boy presented with recurrent episodes of foul-smelling diarrhea, foul flatus, sulfurous
belching and profound weight loss. The wet mount examination of the stool sample revealed pear-shaped
trophozoites with falling leaf-like motility.
