GMS 6552 Exam 1.pdf GMS 6552 Exam 1.pdf GMS 6552 Exam 1.pdf
GMS 6552 Exam 1
Activation of NF-kB - ANS-Cytokines
Endotoxin
Viruses
Apoptosis inducers
Carcinogens
Tumor promoters
Stress
ROS
Activin - ANS-Type II receptors- ActRII, ActRIIB
Type I receptors- ActRIA, ActRIB, TSRI
Pathway restricted Smads- Smad 2 & 3
Common mediator Smads- Smad 4
Activin subfamily - ANS-FSH production, erythroid cell differentiation, mesoderm induction
Additional receptors signaling mechanisms - ANS-Nitric oxide receptors
The Notch signaling pathway
Agonist Activation of GPCR - ANS-Ligand binds
Promotes conformational changes
Increase in R
Anoikis - ANS-Form of apoptosis due to cell detachment
Antagonist Inhibition of GPCR - ANS-Do not effect basal constitutive signaling
Do not affect receptor conformation when they bind
Apoptosis - ANS-Type I PCD; cell shrinkage, nuclear condensation, membrane blebbing, loss of
adhesion
Apoptosis Pathways - ANS-Extrinsic and Intrinsic
Apoptosome Components - ANS-Apaf-1
Cytochrome-c
Caspase 9
Autophagy - ANS-Type II PCD; catabolic process involving degradation of cellular components
by lysosomal machinery
GMS 6552 Exam 1 GMS 6552 Exam 1.pdf GMS 6552 Exam 1.pdf
, GMS 6552 Exam 1.pdf GMS 6552 Exam 1.pdf GMS 6552 Exam 1.pdf
B-Arrestin Proteins - ANS-1/2 are evolutionary conserved and ubiquitous
Co-regulators of GPCRS
Protein adaptor/scaffolds
Biased Agonism - ANS-Multiple agonists activate one receptor and produce distinct receptor
conformations and consequent signals
BMP2 subfamily - ANS-Gastrulation, neurogenesis, chondrogenesis, interdigital apoptosis,
mesoderm patterning
BMP2/4 and BMP7 - ANS-Type II receptors- BMPRII, ActRII, ActRIIB
Type I receptors- BMPRIA, BMPRIB, ActRIA, TSRI
Pathway restricted Smads- Smad 1,5,8,9
Common mediator Smads- Smad 4
BMP3 subfamily - ANS-Osteogenic differentiation, monocyte chemotaxis
BMP5 subfamily - ANS-Development, neurogenesis
BMPs - ANS-Smads 1,5,6
Up-regulate p15, p21
Down-regulate c-Myc
Canonical Receptors - ANS-TLRs
TNFR
BCR
TCR
Canonical signaling - ANS-1. Ligand binds to TLR dimers
2. TLR-TIR domains more closely associated
3. MyD88 recruitment via TIR domains
4. Recruitment/activation of IKK complex (NEMO, IKKa, IKKB) via phosphorylation of IKKB
5. IKK phosphorylates IkB
6. Proteasomal degration
7. Freed NF-kB dimer
8. Nuclear translocation
9. Gene transcription
Canonical Signaling Characteristics - ANS-Rapid and transient
Independent of protein synthesis
Respond to numerous stimuli
Diverse functions
Caspases - ANS-Cysteine-dependent aspartic acid-directed proteases
GMS 6552 Exam 1 GMS 6552 Exam 1.pdf GMS 6552 Exam 1.pdf
GMS 6552 Exam 1
Activation of NF-kB - ANS-Cytokines
Endotoxin
Viruses
Apoptosis inducers
Carcinogens
Tumor promoters
Stress
ROS
Activin - ANS-Type II receptors- ActRII, ActRIIB
Type I receptors- ActRIA, ActRIB, TSRI
Pathway restricted Smads- Smad 2 & 3
Common mediator Smads- Smad 4
Activin subfamily - ANS-FSH production, erythroid cell differentiation, mesoderm induction
Additional receptors signaling mechanisms - ANS-Nitric oxide receptors
The Notch signaling pathway
Agonist Activation of GPCR - ANS-Ligand binds
Promotes conformational changes
Increase in R
Anoikis - ANS-Form of apoptosis due to cell detachment
Antagonist Inhibition of GPCR - ANS-Do not effect basal constitutive signaling
Do not affect receptor conformation when they bind
Apoptosis - ANS-Type I PCD; cell shrinkage, nuclear condensation, membrane blebbing, loss of
adhesion
Apoptosis Pathways - ANS-Extrinsic and Intrinsic
Apoptosome Components - ANS-Apaf-1
Cytochrome-c
Caspase 9
Autophagy - ANS-Type II PCD; catabolic process involving degradation of cellular components
by lysosomal machinery
GMS 6552 Exam 1 GMS 6552 Exam 1.pdf GMS 6552 Exam 1.pdf
, GMS 6552 Exam 1.pdf GMS 6552 Exam 1.pdf GMS 6552 Exam 1.pdf
B-Arrestin Proteins - ANS-1/2 are evolutionary conserved and ubiquitous
Co-regulators of GPCRS
Protein adaptor/scaffolds
Biased Agonism - ANS-Multiple agonists activate one receptor and produce distinct receptor
conformations and consequent signals
BMP2 subfamily - ANS-Gastrulation, neurogenesis, chondrogenesis, interdigital apoptosis,
mesoderm patterning
BMP2/4 and BMP7 - ANS-Type II receptors- BMPRII, ActRII, ActRIIB
Type I receptors- BMPRIA, BMPRIB, ActRIA, TSRI
Pathway restricted Smads- Smad 1,5,8,9
Common mediator Smads- Smad 4
BMP3 subfamily - ANS-Osteogenic differentiation, monocyte chemotaxis
BMP5 subfamily - ANS-Development, neurogenesis
BMPs - ANS-Smads 1,5,6
Up-regulate p15, p21
Down-regulate c-Myc
Canonical Receptors - ANS-TLRs
TNFR
BCR
TCR
Canonical signaling - ANS-1. Ligand binds to TLR dimers
2. TLR-TIR domains more closely associated
3. MyD88 recruitment via TIR domains
4. Recruitment/activation of IKK complex (NEMO, IKKa, IKKB) via phosphorylation of IKKB
5. IKK phosphorylates IkB
6. Proteasomal degration
7. Freed NF-kB dimer
8. Nuclear translocation
9. Gene transcription
Canonical Signaling Characteristics - ANS-Rapid and transient
Independent of protein synthesis
Respond to numerous stimuli
Diverse functions
Caspases - ANS-Cysteine-dependent aspartic acid-directed proteases
GMS 6552 Exam 1 GMS 6552 Exam 1.pdf GMS 6552 Exam 1.pdf
