GCSU Microbiology Test 1 (Bachoon) || All Solved.
Microbiology correct answers the study of living things that individually are too small to be seen
with the naked eye
Who created the system of nomenclature? correct answers Carolus Linnaeus (1735)
genus correct answers the first name and is always CAPITALIZED
specific epithet correct answers follows the genus and is not capitalized
Prokaryote correct answers genetic material is not enclosed in a special nuclear membrane.
Which microorganisms are prokaryotes? correct answers - bacteria
- archaea
Eukaryote correct answers organism's who's cells have a distinct nucleus containing the cell's
genetic material (DNA), surrounded by a special envelope called the nuclear membrane.
Which microorganisms are eukaryotes? correct answers - fugi
- protozoa
- algae
Although animal parasites are not strictly microorganisms, they are also eukaryotic
Bacteria (ex. cell type, cell wall, reproduction, and nutrition?) correct answers - unicellular
- cell walls contain peptidoglycan
- reproduce through binary fission (dividing into 2 equal cells)
,- Acquire nutrients through organic chemicals (dead or living), or manufacture their own by
photosynthesis, or can derive nutrition from inorganic substances.
- move via flagella
Archaea correct answers - unicellular
- cell walls lack peptidoglycan
- found in extreme environments (methanogens, extreme halophiles, extreme thermophiles)
Fungi correct answers - unicellular (yeasts) or multicellular (mushrooms)
- chitin in their cell walls
- reproduce sexually or asexually
- obtain nourishment by absorbing solutions of organic material from the environment
Protozoa correct answers - unicellular
- move via pseudopods (aid in motility and phagocytosis), flagella, cillia
- live either as free entities or as parasites (derive nutrients from living hosts) or absorb or ingest
organic compounds from their environment.
- some are photosynthetic (Euglena)
- reproduce sexually or asexually
Algae correct answers - unicellular
- cell walls composed of cellulose
- reproduce sexually or asexually
- photosynthesizers (they need light water and carbon dioxide for food and growth but don't
generally require organic compound from the environment)
- produce oxygen and carbohydrates that are utilized by other organisms (play important role in
the balance of nature)
, Viruses correct answers - acellular (not cellular)
- reproduce only by using cellular machinery of other organisms
- only considered living when they multiply within the host they infect (inert outside living host)
- contains a core made up of only one type of nucleic acid (DNA or RNA)
- core surrounded by protein coat, sometimes encased by a lipid membrane (envelope)
Animal Parasites correct answers - multicellular
- parasitic worms (flatworms and roundworms "called helminths"
Robert Hooke correct answers - 1665
- saw eukaryotic cells, called them "little boxes, or cells"
- observed slices of corks
- his discovery marked the beginning of the cell theory
Cell Theory correct answers "all living things are composed of cells"
Anton Van Leeuwenhoek correct answers - 1673
- first to observe microorganisms
- called them "animalcules"
Spontaneous Generation correct answers "some forms of life can arise spontaneously from
nonliving matter"
Francesco Redi correct answers - 1668
- disproved spontaneous generation
- experiment included filling 2 jars with decaying meat, one unsealed and one sealed. Flies laid
eggs on unsealed meat producing maggots.
- 2nd experiment, he covered a jar with fine net so air could get in and still no larvae appeared
Microbiology correct answers the study of living things that individually are too small to be seen
with the naked eye
Who created the system of nomenclature? correct answers Carolus Linnaeus (1735)
genus correct answers the first name and is always CAPITALIZED
specific epithet correct answers follows the genus and is not capitalized
Prokaryote correct answers genetic material is not enclosed in a special nuclear membrane.
Which microorganisms are prokaryotes? correct answers - bacteria
- archaea
Eukaryote correct answers organism's who's cells have a distinct nucleus containing the cell's
genetic material (DNA), surrounded by a special envelope called the nuclear membrane.
Which microorganisms are eukaryotes? correct answers - fugi
- protozoa
- algae
Although animal parasites are not strictly microorganisms, they are also eukaryotic
Bacteria (ex. cell type, cell wall, reproduction, and nutrition?) correct answers - unicellular
- cell walls contain peptidoglycan
- reproduce through binary fission (dividing into 2 equal cells)
,- Acquire nutrients through organic chemicals (dead or living), or manufacture their own by
photosynthesis, or can derive nutrition from inorganic substances.
- move via flagella
Archaea correct answers - unicellular
- cell walls lack peptidoglycan
- found in extreme environments (methanogens, extreme halophiles, extreme thermophiles)
Fungi correct answers - unicellular (yeasts) or multicellular (mushrooms)
- chitin in their cell walls
- reproduce sexually or asexually
- obtain nourishment by absorbing solutions of organic material from the environment
Protozoa correct answers - unicellular
- move via pseudopods (aid in motility and phagocytosis), flagella, cillia
- live either as free entities or as parasites (derive nutrients from living hosts) or absorb or ingest
organic compounds from their environment.
- some are photosynthetic (Euglena)
- reproduce sexually or asexually
Algae correct answers - unicellular
- cell walls composed of cellulose
- reproduce sexually or asexually
- photosynthesizers (they need light water and carbon dioxide for food and growth but don't
generally require organic compound from the environment)
- produce oxygen and carbohydrates that are utilized by other organisms (play important role in
the balance of nature)
, Viruses correct answers - acellular (not cellular)
- reproduce only by using cellular machinery of other organisms
- only considered living when they multiply within the host they infect (inert outside living host)
- contains a core made up of only one type of nucleic acid (DNA or RNA)
- core surrounded by protein coat, sometimes encased by a lipid membrane (envelope)
Animal Parasites correct answers - multicellular
- parasitic worms (flatworms and roundworms "called helminths"
Robert Hooke correct answers - 1665
- saw eukaryotic cells, called them "little boxes, or cells"
- observed slices of corks
- his discovery marked the beginning of the cell theory
Cell Theory correct answers "all living things are composed of cells"
Anton Van Leeuwenhoek correct answers - 1673
- first to observe microorganisms
- called them "animalcules"
Spontaneous Generation correct answers "some forms of life can arise spontaneously from
nonliving matter"
Francesco Redi correct answers - 1668
- disproved spontaneous generation
- experiment included filling 2 jars with decaying meat, one unsealed and one sealed. Flies laid
eggs on unsealed meat producing maggots.
- 2nd experiment, he covered a jar with fine net so air could get in and still no larvae appeared
