HIEU 322 Quiz 8: Crisis, Change, and the Division of Empire –
Questions and Answers | 2026 Updated | 100% Correct.
2026 Updated | 100% Correct
Format: Multiple-Answer Selection + Rationale
Total Questions: 50
Question 1
Which of the following were members of the First Triumvirate (60 BCE)? (Select all that apply)
• A) Julius Caesar
• B) Marcus Licinius Crassus
• C) Mark Antony
• D) Pompey the Great
✅ Correct Answers: A, B, D
Rationale:
• A — Caesar was the political mastermind.
• B — Crassus provided wealth.
• D — Pompey brought military prestige.
• C — Antony joined the Second Triumvirate, not the First.
,Question 2
Which factors led to the collapse of the First Triumvirate? (Select all that apply)
• A) Death of Crassus at Carrhae (53 BCE)
• B) Death of Julia (Pompey’s wife, Caesar’s daughter)
• C) Pompey allied with the Optimates
• D) Caesar adopted Octavian as his son
✅ Correct Answers: A, B, C
Rationale:
• A — Crassus’s death removed the mediator.
• B — Julia’s death severed family ties.
• C — The Senate convinced Pompey to oppose Caesar.
• D — This happened later, in Caesar’s will.
Question 3
Which of the following were reforms of Julius Caesar as dictator? (Select all that apply)
• A) Reduced unemployment via public works
• B) Extended citizenship to some provincial supporters
• C) Abolished all debts permanently
• D) Reformed the calendar (Julian calendar)
✅ Correct Answers: A, B, D
Rationale:
• A — Jobs were created for 150,000 unemployed.
, • B — Jewish and Gallic supporters received citizenship.
• D — The 365-day calendar replaced the lunar system.
• C — Caesar canceled interest but not principal debt.
Question 4
Which of the following describe the Lex Gabinia (67 BCE)? (Select all that apply)
• A) Gave Pompey command against Mediterranean pirates
• B) Allowed Pompey to raise 500 ships
• C) Granted Pompey authority 50 miles inland from the coast
• D) Made Crassus the sole consul
✅ Correct Answers: A, B, C
Rationale:
• A, B, C — These were actual provisions.
• D — Crassus was not involved in this law.
Question 5
Which of the following were causes of the Jugurthine War (112–106 BCE)? (Select all that apply)
• A) Jugurtha attacked Cirta and killed Roman businessmen
• B) Jugurtha disrupted grain shipments to Rome
• C) Roman senators were accused of accepting bribes from Jugurtha
• D) Jugurtha invaded Sicily
Questions and Answers | 2026 Updated | 100% Correct.
2026 Updated | 100% Correct
Format: Multiple-Answer Selection + Rationale
Total Questions: 50
Question 1
Which of the following were members of the First Triumvirate (60 BCE)? (Select all that apply)
• A) Julius Caesar
• B) Marcus Licinius Crassus
• C) Mark Antony
• D) Pompey the Great
✅ Correct Answers: A, B, D
Rationale:
• A — Caesar was the political mastermind.
• B — Crassus provided wealth.
• D — Pompey brought military prestige.
• C — Antony joined the Second Triumvirate, not the First.
,Question 2
Which factors led to the collapse of the First Triumvirate? (Select all that apply)
• A) Death of Crassus at Carrhae (53 BCE)
• B) Death of Julia (Pompey’s wife, Caesar’s daughter)
• C) Pompey allied with the Optimates
• D) Caesar adopted Octavian as his son
✅ Correct Answers: A, B, C
Rationale:
• A — Crassus’s death removed the mediator.
• B — Julia’s death severed family ties.
• C — The Senate convinced Pompey to oppose Caesar.
• D — This happened later, in Caesar’s will.
Question 3
Which of the following were reforms of Julius Caesar as dictator? (Select all that apply)
• A) Reduced unemployment via public works
• B) Extended citizenship to some provincial supporters
• C) Abolished all debts permanently
• D) Reformed the calendar (Julian calendar)
✅ Correct Answers: A, B, D
Rationale:
• A — Jobs were created for 150,000 unemployed.
, • B — Jewish and Gallic supporters received citizenship.
• D — The 365-day calendar replaced the lunar system.
• C — Caesar canceled interest but not principal debt.
Question 4
Which of the following describe the Lex Gabinia (67 BCE)? (Select all that apply)
• A) Gave Pompey command against Mediterranean pirates
• B) Allowed Pompey to raise 500 ships
• C) Granted Pompey authority 50 miles inland from the coast
• D) Made Crassus the sole consul
✅ Correct Answers: A, B, C
Rationale:
• A, B, C — These were actual provisions.
• D — Crassus was not involved in this law.
Question 5
Which of the following were causes of the Jugurthine War (112–106 BCE)? (Select all that apply)
• A) Jugurtha attacked Cirta and killed Roman businessmen
• B) Jugurtha disrupted grain shipments to Rome
• C) Roman senators were accused of accepting bribes from Jugurtha
• D) Jugurtha invaded Sicily
