HIEU 322 Quiz 8: Crisis, Change, and the Division of Empire – Questions and Answers | 2026 Updated | 100% Correct.

HIEU 322 Quiz 8: Crisis, Change, and the Division of
Empire – Questions and Answers | 2026 Updated | 100%
Correct.

HIEU 322 Quiz 8: The Fall of the Republic

2026 Updated | 100% Correct
Format: Multiple-Answer Selection + Rationale
Version: 2 (All New Questions)




Question 1

Which of the following contributed to the economic instability of the Late
Republic? (Select all that apply)

• A) Widespread use of slave labor on latifundia
• B) Displacement of small farmers
• C) Stable grain prices controlled by the state
• D) Debt crises among the urban poor

✅ Correct Answers: A, B, D

Rationale:

, • A — Slaves replaced free labor, driving small farmers out.
• B — Small farmers lost land to wealthy elites.
• D — Debt was rampant among the plebs urbana.
• C is incorrect — grain prices fluctuated wildly before the Gracchan
subsidies.




Question 2

Which of the following describe the role of the tribunate in the Late Republic?
(Select all that apply)

• A) Tribunes could veto laws and elections
• B) Tribunes could propose legislation directly to the Concilium Plebis
• C) Tribunes were always patricians
• D) Tribunes had personal inviolability (sacrosanctitas)

✅ Correct Answers: A, B, D

Rationale:

• A, B, D — Core powers of the tribunes.
• C is incorrect — tribunes were plebeians by law.

,Question 3

Which of the following describe Sulla’s reforms after his dictatorship (82–79
BCE)? (Select all that apply)

• A) Increased the Senate to 600 members
• B) Required tribunes to seek Senate approval before legislation
• C) Forbidden former tribunes from holding higher office
• D) Expanded the cursus honorum age requirements

✅ Correct Answers: A, B, C, D

Rationale: All four were part of Sulla’s conservative constitutional restoration.




Question 4

Which of the following were immediate consequences of the Gracchi
brothers’ deaths? (Select all that apply)

• A) Increased political violence in the Roman Forum
• B) The Senate’s use of the senatus consultum ultimum became precedent
• C) Land reform was permanently abandoned
• D) Popular anger against the Senate grew

✅ Correct Answers: A, B, D

, Rationale:

• A, B, D — Accurate.
• C is incorrect — land reform was attempted again by later politicians
(e.g., Saturninus, Caesar).




Question 5

Which of the following describe Marius’s rivalry with Sulla? (Select all that
apply)

• A) Began over command of the Mithridatic War (88 BCE)
• B) Marius used a tribune to transfer command to himself
• C) Sulla marched on Rome twice
• D) They reconciled and became co-consuls

✅ Correct Answers: A, B, C

Rationale:

• A, B, C — Accurate.
• D is incorrect — they never reconciled; Marius died in 86 BCE.