Microbiology Test #2 Bachoon || Questions and Answers.
Physical requirements for microbial growth correct answers Temperature, pH, osmotic pressure
Cold loving microbes that don't cause disease in humans [Optimum growth temp: -10 degrees C
to 20 degrees C] correct answers Psychrophiles
Moderate temperature loving, pathogenic microbes with an optimum growth temp. of 37 degrees
correct answers Mesophiles
Heat loving microorganisms that do not cause disease in humans [Optimum growth temp: 50-60
degrees C] correct answers Thermophiles
Microorganisms that can survive in extreme heat, with optimum temperatures of 80 degrees C or
higher correct answers Hyperthermophiles
Acidity or alkalinity of a solution correct answers pH
Most bacteria grow in what pH? correct answers Neutral: from 6.5-7.5
_____ have more H+ than _____. correct answers Acids, Bases
Bacteria that are extremely tolerant of acidity correct answers Acidophiles
Shrinkage of a cell's cytoplasm due to osmotic loss of water correct answers Plasmolysis
Chemical requirements of microbial growth correct answers Carbon, Nitrogen, Sulfur,
Phosphorus, Trace Elements, Oxygen, and Organic growth factors
, One of the most important requirements for microbial growth, accounting for 50% of the dry
weight of a typical bacteria cell correct answers Carbon
Used to synthesize 4 amino acids correct answers Sulfur
Used to synthesize nucleic acids and phospholipids of the cell membranes, also found in energy
bonds of ATP correct answers Phosphorus
Iron, copper, and zinc: required in very small amounts in microbes correct answers Trace
Elements
Organisms that require oxygen to live; at a disadvantage because oxygen is poorly soluble in the
water of their environment correct answers Obligate aerobes
Organisms that can grow in the presence of oxygen, but can also live without it: e.Coli and yeast
correct answers Facultative anaerobes
Bacteria that are unable to use molecular oxygen for energy-yielding reactions, most are harmed
by it: Claustridium correct answers Obligate anaerobes
Extremely reactive, high energy state, molecular oxygen that is found inside phagocytes correct
answers Singlet Oxygen
Found during respiration, take up electrons from the molecule, extremely toxic correct answers
Superoxide free radicals
An enzyme that neutralizes organisms attempting to grow in atmospheric oxygen, all bacteria
growing in the presence of oxygen must produce this correct answers Superoxide dismutase
[SOD]
Physical requirements for microbial growth correct answers Temperature, pH, osmotic pressure
Cold loving microbes that don't cause disease in humans [Optimum growth temp: -10 degrees C
to 20 degrees C] correct answers Psychrophiles
Moderate temperature loving, pathogenic microbes with an optimum growth temp. of 37 degrees
correct answers Mesophiles
Heat loving microorganisms that do not cause disease in humans [Optimum growth temp: 50-60
degrees C] correct answers Thermophiles
Microorganisms that can survive in extreme heat, with optimum temperatures of 80 degrees C or
higher correct answers Hyperthermophiles
Acidity or alkalinity of a solution correct answers pH
Most bacteria grow in what pH? correct answers Neutral: from 6.5-7.5
_____ have more H+ than _____. correct answers Acids, Bases
Bacteria that are extremely tolerant of acidity correct answers Acidophiles
Shrinkage of a cell's cytoplasm due to osmotic loss of water correct answers Plasmolysis
Chemical requirements of microbial growth correct answers Carbon, Nitrogen, Sulfur,
Phosphorus, Trace Elements, Oxygen, and Organic growth factors
, One of the most important requirements for microbial growth, accounting for 50% of the dry
weight of a typical bacteria cell correct answers Carbon
Used to synthesize 4 amino acids correct answers Sulfur
Used to synthesize nucleic acids and phospholipids of the cell membranes, also found in energy
bonds of ATP correct answers Phosphorus
Iron, copper, and zinc: required in very small amounts in microbes correct answers Trace
Elements
Organisms that require oxygen to live; at a disadvantage because oxygen is poorly soluble in the
water of their environment correct answers Obligate aerobes
Organisms that can grow in the presence of oxygen, but can also live without it: e.Coli and yeast
correct answers Facultative anaerobes
Bacteria that are unable to use molecular oxygen for energy-yielding reactions, most are harmed
by it: Claustridium correct answers Obligate anaerobes
Extremely reactive, high energy state, molecular oxygen that is found inside phagocytes correct
answers Singlet Oxygen
Found during respiration, take up electrons from the molecule, extremely toxic correct answers
Superoxide free radicals
An enzyme that neutralizes organisms attempting to grow in atmospheric oxygen, all bacteria
growing in the presence of oxygen must produce this correct answers Superoxide dismutase
[SOD]
