Respiratory Nurs 5315 UTA
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,What makes up the conducting airway zone? - Answer: Extra-
thoracic and Intra thoracic structures
What are the extra thoracic structures? - Answer: Nose,
pharynx, larynx, trachea
What are the Intra- Thoracic structures? - Answer: Bronchi,
Bronchioles, trachea
What structures make up the respiratory zone? - Answer:
Terminal bronchioles, Alveoli, Alveolar capillaries
What 4 factors effect the muscles in the bronchi and
bronchioles? And how do they aid in muscle muscle
movement? - Answer: 1. Epinephrine - relax smooth muscle
2. Acetylcholine - aid in the contraction of bronchiolar and
smooth muscle bronchoconstriction
3. Leukotrienes- constriction
4. Histamines and substances from mast cells ( anaphylaxis) -
,constriction
What are the 3 ways that Intra thoracic pressure changes that
result in air movement into and out of the alveoli? - Answer:
1. Pleural Pressure : normally-5cm H2O, when chest expands
pressure decreases to -7.5 cm H2O which leads to increase
suction forces pulling lungs with rib cage
2. Alveolar Pressure: pressure in alveoli= pressure in
respiratory tree when glottis is open= atmospheric pressure is
0 cm H2O
-expands and pressure decrease -1cmH2O moving air into
lungs, recoil and pressure increase to +1 cmH2O moving air
out of lungs
3. Trans pulmonary Pressure: pressure difference between
pleural and alveolar pressure. Elastic forces that cause lung
collapse at the end of exhalation are counteracted by PEEP
( positive end expiratory pressure), surfactant, and closed
, glottis.
How does a pneumothorax disrupt Intra thoracic pressure and
change air movement? - Answer: The pleural space is
breached introducing air and causing the lung to collapse.
Alveolar pressure becomes equal to pleural pressure causing
the lung to not move.
What are the 2 goals of respiration? - Answer: 1. Provide O2
for the body to use to make energy ( ATP)
2. Remove carbon dioxide( by-product of metabolism) from
the body
What are the 4 steps in respiration? - Answer: 1. Ventilation
2. Gas exchange
3. Perfusion
4. Transport
Define ventilation - Answer: Movement of air in and out of
Comprehensive Study Guide +
Exam Questions & Solutions
Graded A+
Professional Academic Assistance Services
Services Offered
• Proctored Exam Assistance
• Online Class Management (Full Course Support)
• Exam Preparation & Study Materials
• Assignments and Coursework Support
• Essay and Research Paper Writing
• Discussion Posts & Responses
• Editing and Proofreading
• Confidential Academic Consultation
Contact Information
Email:
WhatsApp link: https://wa.me/254704846336
Fast Response | Confidential | Reliable Academic
Support
Helping Students Achieve Academic Excellence
,What makes up the conducting airway zone? - Answer: Extra-
thoracic and Intra thoracic structures
What are the extra thoracic structures? - Answer: Nose,
pharynx, larynx, trachea
What are the Intra- Thoracic structures? - Answer: Bronchi,
Bronchioles, trachea
What structures make up the respiratory zone? - Answer:
Terminal bronchioles, Alveoli, Alveolar capillaries
What 4 factors effect the muscles in the bronchi and
bronchioles? And how do they aid in muscle muscle
movement? - Answer: 1. Epinephrine - relax smooth muscle
2. Acetylcholine - aid in the contraction of bronchiolar and
smooth muscle bronchoconstriction
3. Leukotrienes- constriction
4. Histamines and substances from mast cells ( anaphylaxis) -
,constriction
What are the 3 ways that Intra thoracic pressure changes that
result in air movement into and out of the alveoli? - Answer:
1. Pleural Pressure : normally-5cm H2O, when chest expands
pressure decreases to -7.5 cm H2O which leads to increase
suction forces pulling lungs with rib cage
2. Alveolar Pressure: pressure in alveoli= pressure in
respiratory tree when glottis is open= atmospheric pressure is
0 cm H2O
-expands and pressure decrease -1cmH2O moving air into
lungs, recoil and pressure increase to +1 cmH2O moving air
out of lungs
3. Trans pulmonary Pressure: pressure difference between
pleural and alveolar pressure. Elastic forces that cause lung
collapse at the end of exhalation are counteracted by PEEP
( positive end expiratory pressure), surfactant, and closed
, glottis.
How does a pneumothorax disrupt Intra thoracic pressure and
change air movement? - Answer: The pleural space is
breached introducing air and causing the lung to collapse.
Alveolar pressure becomes equal to pleural pressure causing
the lung to not move.
What are the 2 goals of respiration? - Answer: 1. Provide O2
for the body to use to make energy ( ATP)
2. Remove carbon dioxide( by-product of metabolism) from
the body
What are the 4 steps in respiration? - Answer: 1. Ventilation
2. Gas exchange
3. Perfusion
4. Transport
Define ventilation - Answer: Movement of air in and out of
