ASU BIO 340 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS
WITH CORRECT SOLUTIONS||A+
GRADED||UPDATED 2026/2027
SYLLABUS||<<RECENT VERSION>>
What do scientists use to apply cladistics? - ANSWER ✓ homologous traits
What is true about organisms that are a part of the same clade?
a. They all share the same basic characteristics.
b. They evolved from a shared ancestor.
c. They usually fall into the same classification taxa.
d. They have identical phylogenies. - ANSWER ✓ B
Why do scientists apply the concept of maximum parsimony? - ANSWER ✓ to
decipher accurate phylogenies
Alternate forms of a gene are called _______. - ANSWER ✓ alleles
Describing a person as having hemophilia is to indicate his or her ______. -
ANSWER ✓ phenotype
Why do your chromosomes come in pairs? - ANSWER ✓ Because one member
of each pair came from my mother and the other from my father.
How did Mendel get the peas to cross-fertilize? - ANSWER ✓ He kept them apart
and pollinated them by hand.
The observable traits expressed by an organism are described as its ________. -
ANSWER ✓ phenotype
In guinea pigs coat color is determined by a single gene with two alleles. A guinea
pig from a true-breeding black strain is mated with a guinea pig from a true-
breeding white strain. The F1 progeny are all black. Two of the F1 progeny are
,mated with each other. What proportion of the F2 progeny is expected to be white?
- ANSWER ✓ 1/4
In guinea pigs coat color is determined by a single gene with two alleles. A guinea
pig from a true- breeding black strain is mated with a guinea pig from a true-
breeding white strain. The F1 progeny are all black. Two of the F1 progeny are
mated with each other.What proportion of the black F2 progeny is expected to be
homozygous? - ANSWER ✓ 1/3
The presence of short hairs on leaves is controlled by dominant allele H. Plants
with genotype hh have smooth leaves. Two parental plants with unknown genotype
were crossed. What are the parental genotypes if F1= 32 Hairy and 11 smooth? -
ANSWER ✓ Hh x Hh
The presence of short hairs on leaves is controlled by dominant allele H. Plants
with genotype hh have smooth leaves. Two parental plants with unknown genotype
were crossed. What are the parental genotypes if F1= 0 Hairy and 24 smooth? -
ANSWER ✓ hh x hh
Mendel imagined that seed color in pea plants is influenced by a gene with two
alleles in which the allele for yellow seeds (Y) is dominant over the allele for green
seeds (y). What would Mendel predict the seed colors would be from a cross of a
male plant with the mixed Yy genotype with a female plant with the yy genotype?
- ANSWER ✓ There should be 1 green seed for every 1 yellow seed.
You have flipped a standard quarter 10 times and had four head and six tails come
up. With that experience, what will be the chances of you getting a heads on the
next flip? - ANSWER ✓ 50%
If a student randomly guesses at five multiple-choice questions during a BIO 340
exam, find the probability that the student gets exactly three correct. Each question
has five possible choices. - ANSWER ✓ P= 0.05
What is the probability of having 4 girls in a row? - ANSWER ✓ 1 in 16
In a cross between two heterozygous plants (Tt x Tt), what is the probability of a
plant being homozygous given that it is tall? - ANSWER ✓ 0.33
, What is the probability that the following pair of parents will produce the
indicated offspring? TTRrYy x TtRrYy -> TTrrYY - ANSWER ✓ 1/32
John has alkaptonuria; it "runs in the family". John and his grandmother are both
homozygous for alkaptonuria. John's grandmother has two brothers and a sister.
One of the brothers had alkaptonuria and his daughter is John's mother. Based on
this information, John's parents are: - ANSWER ✓ Both heterozygous for the
alkaptonuria gene.
If John marries someone who is heterozygous for alkaptonuria, then which of the
following statements is true? Remember alkaptonuria is a recessive disorder. -
ANSWER ✓ All of the children will inherit at least one copy of the alkaptonuria
gene.
Half of the gametes produced by an organism with the genotype Aa will receive
the A allele, while half will receive the a allele. This is a demonstration of ______.
- ANSWER ✓ segregation
Which of the following is true about genes that are located on different
chromosomes? - ANSWER ✓ These genes are inherited independently of each
other.
A recessive trait will be observed in individuals that are ________ for that trait. -
ANSWER ✓ homozygous
What are the types of gametes that can be produced by an individual with the
genotype AaBb? - ANSWER ✓ AB, Ab, aB, ab
How many different types of gametes could an organism with the genotype
AABbCc produce? - ANSWER ✓ 4
Genetic inheritance is being studied in a certain species of plant in which orange
flower color (O) is dominant to white (o) and round leaf shape (S) is dominant to
oval (s). A true-breeding orange-flowered, round-leaved male plant (Plant A) is
mated with a true-breeding white-flowered, oval-leaved female plant (Plant B) to
produce dihybrid offspring plant (Plant C). Assuming normal Mendelian genetics
and independent inheritance of these two traits, which gametes might be produced
by Plant C? - ANSWER ✓ Both OS and oS
, probability - ANSWER ✓ likelihood that a particular event will occur
experiment - ANSWER ✓ a planned operation carried out under controlled
conditions
event - ANSWER ✓ any combination of outcomes
Addition Rule of Probability - ANSWER ✓ Used to determine the probability
that at least one of two mutually exclusive events will occur.
P(A or B) = P(A) + P(B) - P(AB)
multiplication rule - ANSWER ✓ A rule of probability stating that the probability
of two or more independent events occurring together can be determined by
multiplying their individual probabilities.
P(A,B)=P(A)P(B)
Conditional Probability - ANSWER ✓ the probability of an event ( A ), given that
another ( B ) has already occurred.
Binomial Distribution - ANSWER ✓ The probability distribution of X with
parameters n and p
true-breeding - ANSWER ✓ term used to describe organisms that produce
offspring identical to themselves if allowed to self-pollinate
hybridization - ANSWER ✓ Crossing dissimilar individuals to bring together the
best of both organisms
parental generation - ANSWER ✓ the adults used in the first experimental cross
of a breeding experiment
Mendel's Postulates - ANSWER ✓ 1) Genetic characters are controlled by unit
factors that exist in pairs in individual organisms.
2) One unit factor is dominant to the other, which is said to be recessive.
3) During formation of gametes, the paired factors separate or segregate randomly
so that each gamete receives one or the other with equal likelihood.
WITH CORRECT SOLUTIONS||A+
GRADED||UPDATED 2026/2027
SYLLABUS||<<RECENT VERSION>>
What do scientists use to apply cladistics? - ANSWER ✓ homologous traits
What is true about organisms that are a part of the same clade?
a. They all share the same basic characteristics.
b. They evolved from a shared ancestor.
c. They usually fall into the same classification taxa.
d. They have identical phylogenies. - ANSWER ✓ B
Why do scientists apply the concept of maximum parsimony? - ANSWER ✓ to
decipher accurate phylogenies
Alternate forms of a gene are called _______. - ANSWER ✓ alleles
Describing a person as having hemophilia is to indicate his or her ______. -
ANSWER ✓ phenotype
Why do your chromosomes come in pairs? - ANSWER ✓ Because one member
of each pair came from my mother and the other from my father.
How did Mendel get the peas to cross-fertilize? - ANSWER ✓ He kept them apart
and pollinated them by hand.
The observable traits expressed by an organism are described as its ________. -
ANSWER ✓ phenotype
In guinea pigs coat color is determined by a single gene with two alleles. A guinea
pig from a true-breeding black strain is mated with a guinea pig from a true-
breeding white strain. The F1 progeny are all black. Two of the F1 progeny are
,mated with each other. What proportion of the F2 progeny is expected to be white?
- ANSWER ✓ 1/4
In guinea pigs coat color is determined by a single gene with two alleles. A guinea
pig from a true- breeding black strain is mated with a guinea pig from a true-
breeding white strain. The F1 progeny are all black. Two of the F1 progeny are
mated with each other.What proportion of the black F2 progeny is expected to be
homozygous? - ANSWER ✓ 1/3
The presence of short hairs on leaves is controlled by dominant allele H. Plants
with genotype hh have smooth leaves. Two parental plants with unknown genotype
were crossed. What are the parental genotypes if F1= 32 Hairy and 11 smooth? -
ANSWER ✓ Hh x Hh
The presence of short hairs on leaves is controlled by dominant allele H. Plants
with genotype hh have smooth leaves. Two parental plants with unknown genotype
were crossed. What are the parental genotypes if F1= 0 Hairy and 24 smooth? -
ANSWER ✓ hh x hh
Mendel imagined that seed color in pea plants is influenced by a gene with two
alleles in which the allele for yellow seeds (Y) is dominant over the allele for green
seeds (y). What would Mendel predict the seed colors would be from a cross of a
male plant with the mixed Yy genotype with a female plant with the yy genotype?
- ANSWER ✓ There should be 1 green seed for every 1 yellow seed.
You have flipped a standard quarter 10 times and had four head and six tails come
up. With that experience, what will be the chances of you getting a heads on the
next flip? - ANSWER ✓ 50%
If a student randomly guesses at five multiple-choice questions during a BIO 340
exam, find the probability that the student gets exactly three correct. Each question
has five possible choices. - ANSWER ✓ P= 0.05
What is the probability of having 4 girls in a row? - ANSWER ✓ 1 in 16
In a cross between two heterozygous plants (Tt x Tt), what is the probability of a
plant being homozygous given that it is tall? - ANSWER ✓ 0.33
, What is the probability that the following pair of parents will produce the
indicated offspring? TTRrYy x TtRrYy -> TTrrYY - ANSWER ✓ 1/32
John has alkaptonuria; it "runs in the family". John and his grandmother are both
homozygous for alkaptonuria. John's grandmother has two brothers and a sister.
One of the brothers had alkaptonuria and his daughter is John's mother. Based on
this information, John's parents are: - ANSWER ✓ Both heterozygous for the
alkaptonuria gene.
If John marries someone who is heterozygous for alkaptonuria, then which of the
following statements is true? Remember alkaptonuria is a recessive disorder. -
ANSWER ✓ All of the children will inherit at least one copy of the alkaptonuria
gene.
Half of the gametes produced by an organism with the genotype Aa will receive
the A allele, while half will receive the a allele. This is a demonstration of ______.
- ANSWER ✓ segregation
Which of the following is true about genes that are located on different
chromosomes? - ANSWER ✓ These genes are inherited independently of each
other.
A recessive trait will be observed in individuals that are ________ for that trait. -
ANSWER ✓ homozygous
What are the types of gametes that can be produced by an individual with the
genotype AaBb? - ANSWER ✓ AB, Ab, aB, ab
How many different types of gametes could an organism with the genotype
AABbCc produce? - ANSWER ✓ 4
Genetic inheritance is being studied in a certain species of plant in which orange
flower color (O) is dominant to white (o) and round leaf shape (S) is dominant to
oval (s). A true-breeding orange-flowered, round-leaved male plant (Plant A) is
mated with a true-breeding white-flowered, oval-leaved female plant (Plant B) to
produce dihybrid offspring plant (Plant C). Assuming normal Mendelian genetics
and independent inheritance of these two traits, which gametes might be produced
by Plant C? - ANSWER ✓ Both OS and oS
, probability - ANSWER ✓ likelihood that a particular event will occur
experiment - ANSWER ✓ a planned operation carried out under controlled
conditions
event - ANSWER ✓ any combination of outcomes
Addition Rule of Probability - ANSWER ✓ Used to determine the probability
that at least one of two mutually exclusive events will occur.
P(A or B) = P(A) + P(B) - P(AB)
multiplication rule - ANSWER ✓ A rule of probability stating that the probability
of two or more independent events occurring together can be determined by
multiplying their individual probabilities.
P(A,B)=P(A)P(B)
Conditional Probability - ANSWER ✓ the probability of an event ( A ), given that
another ( B ) has already occurred.
Binomial Distribution - ANSWER ✓ The probability distribution of X with
parameters n and p
true-breeding - ANSWER ✓ term used to describe organisms that produce
offspring identical to themselves if allowed to self-pollinate
hybridization - ANSWER ✓ Crossing dissimilar individuals to bring together the
best of both organisms
parental generation - ANSWER ✓ the adults used in the first experimental cross
of a breeding experiment
Mendel's Postulates - ANSWER ✓ 1) Genetic characters are controlled by unit
factors that exist in pairs in individual organisms.
2) One unit factor is dominant to the other, which is said to be recessive.
3) During formation of gametes, the paired factors separate or segregate randomly
so that each gamete receives one or the other with equal likelihood.
