TEST BANK m
Theories Of Personality 10th Edition
m m m m m
by Ryckman All 18 Chapters Covered
m m m m m m
1
,Table of Contents
m m
PARTmI:mANmINTRODUCTIONmTOmTHEmDISCIPLINE.
1. PersonalitymandmthemScientificmOutlook.
PARTmII:mPSYCHOANALYTICmANDmNEOANALYTICmPERSPECTIVES.
2. Freud'smPsychoanalyticmPerspectives.
3. Jung'smAnalyticalmPsychology.
4. Adler'smIndividualmPsychology.
5. Horney'smSocialmandmCulturalmPsychoanalysis.
6. Erikson'smPsychoanalyticmEgomPsychology.
7. Kohut'smSelfmPsychology.
PARTmIII:mTRAITmPERSPECTIVES.
8. Allport'smTraitmTheory.
9. Cattell'smStructure-BasedmSystemsmTheory.
10. Eysenck'smBiologicalmTypology.
PARTmIV:mCOGNITIVEmPERSPECTIVES.
11. Kelly'smTheorymofmPersonalmConstructs.
PARTmV:mHUMANISTIC/EXISTENTIALmPERSPECTIVES.
2
,12. Maslow'smSelf-ActualizationmPosition.
13. Roger'smPerson-CenteredmTheory.
14. May'smExistential-AnalyticmPosition.
PARTmVI:mSOCIAL-BEHAVIORISTICmPERSPECTIVES.
m
15. Skinner'smOperantmAnalysis.
16. Rotter'smExpectancymReinforcementmValuemModel.
17. Bandura'smSocialmCognitivemTheory.
PARTmVII:mTHEmROLEmOFmTHEmGRANDmTHEORIESmINmmCONTEMPORARYmPERS
ONALITYmPSYCHOLOGY.
18. TheorymandmResearchminmContemporarymPersonalitymPsychology.
CHAPTERmOUTLINE
3
, I. Whymstudympersonality?m Themstudymofmhumanmpersonalitymhelpsmusmunderstandmourselvesman
dm othermpeoplembettermandmgivesmusmamgreatermappreciationmformthemcomplexitymofmhuma
nm experience.
II. Definitionm ofmPersonality:mPersonalitymismthem dynamicmandm organizedm setm ofmcharacteristics
m possessedmbymanmindividualmthatmuniquelyminfluencesmhismormhermcognitions,mmotivationsma
ndm behaviorsminmvariousmsituations.
III. PersonalitymandmScience:mPersonalitymismamscientificmenterprisemconcernedmwithmthemdescription,
m explanation,mprediction,mandmcontrolmofmevents.
A. ComponentsmofmScience:mTheoriesmandmResearchmMethods
1. Whatmaremtheories?m Amtheorymismamsystemmofminterrelatedm conceptualmstatementsmthatm
arem createdmbyminvestigatorsmtomaccountmformamphenomenonmormamsetmofmphenomena.
2. Kindsmofmtheories
a. inductive-setsmofmgeneralmsummarymstatementsmaboutmphenomenamderivedmfrommfacts.
b. deductive-
theoriesminmwhichmspecificmhypothesesmaremderivedmfrommabstractmpropositionsm andmthen
mtestedm bymthemcollectionmofmdata.mDeductivemtheoriesmconsistmofmpostulates,m propositio
ns,mconceptualmdefinitions,moperationalmdefinitions,mhypotheses,mandmempiricalm observat
ions.
1. postulates-
themfundamentalmormcoremassumptionsmofmamtheory.mTheymaremtakenmasmself-
m evidentlymtrueminmordermtomprovidemamclearmandmfocusedmdirectionmformtheorizingm
andm research.
2. propositions-
mgeneralmrelationalmstatementsmthatmmaymbemtruemormfalse.mTheymaremnotmtestedm directl
y;minstead,mhypothesesmaremderivedmfrommthem.
3. hypotheses-
specificmpropositionsmcontainingmconstructsmthatmaremconceptuallymdefinedmandm operation
alizedmsomtheymcanmtestedmandmconfirmedmormdisconfirmedmthroughmempiricalm testing.mH
ypothesesmaremtentativemtheoreticalmstatementsmaboutmhowmeventsmaremrelatedmtom onema
nother,moftenmstatedmasmpredictions.
a. ampriormpredictions-predictionsmmadembeforemthemcollectionmofmdata.
4. conceptualmdefinitions-
mconceptsminmthemhypothesesmaremdefinedmpreciselymsomthatmaccuratem measuresmofmthemc
onceptsmcanmbemdevised.
5. operationalmdefinitions-mproceduresm(ormoperations)musedmtomdefinemparticularmconstructs.
6. empiricalmobservations-observationsmofmphenomenammadembyminvestigators.
1V.mResearchmMethodsmUsedmtomTestmTheories
A. ExperimentalmMethod-techniquemformstudyingmcause-and-
meffectmrelationshipsmbetweenm variables.mItminvolvesmthemmanipulationmofmindependentm
variablesmandmobservationmofmthem effectsmofmthemmanipulation(s)monmdependentmvariab
les.
4
Theories Of Personality 10th Edition
m m m m m
by Ryckman All 18 Chapters Covered
m m m m m m
1
,Table of Contents
m m
PARTmI:mANmINTRODUCTIONmTOmTHEmDISCIPLINE.
1. PersonalitymandmthemScientificmOutlook.
PARTmII:mPSYCHOANALYTICmANDmNEOANALYTICmPERSPECTIVES.
2. Freud'smPsychoanalyticmPerspectives.
3. Jung'smAnalyticalmPsychology.
4. Adler'smIndividualmPsychology.
5. Horney'smSocialmandmCulturalmPsychoanalysis.
6. Erikson'smPsychoanalyticmEgomPsychology.
7. Kohut'smSelfmPsychology.
PARTmIII:mTRAITmPERSPECTIVES.
8. Allport'smTraitmTheory.
9. Cattell'smStructure-BasedmSystemsmTheory.
10. Eysenck'smBiologicalmTypology.
PARTmIV:mCOGNITIVEmPERSPECTIVES.
11. Kelly'smTheorymofmPersonalmConstructs.
PARTmV:mHUMANISTIC/EXISTENTIALmPERSPECTIVES.
2
,12. Maslow'smSelf-ActualizationmPosition.
13. Roger'smPerson-CenteredmTheory.
14. May'smExistential-AnalyticmPosition.
PARTmVI:mSOCIAL-BEHAVIORISTICmPERSPECTIVES.
m
15. Skinner'smOperantmAnalysis.
16. Rotter'smExpectancymReinforcementmValuemModel.
17. Bandura'smSocialmCognitivemTheory.
PARTmVII:mTHEmROLEmOFmTHEmGRANDmTHEORIESmINmmCONTEMPORARYmPERS
ONALITYmPSYCHOLOGY.
18. TheorymandmResearchminmContemporarymPersonalitymPsychology.
CHAPTERmOUTLINE
3
, I. Whymstudympersonality?m Themstudymofmhumanmpersonalitymhelpsmusmunderstandmourselvesman
dm othermpeoplembettermandmgivesmusmamgreatermappreciationmformthemcomplexitymofmhuma
nm experience.
II. Definitionm ofmPersonality:mPersonalitymismthem dynamicmandm organizedm setm ofmcharacteristics
m possessedmbymanmindividualmthatmuniquelyminfluencesmhismormhermcognitions,mmotivationsma
ndm behaviorsminmvariousmsituations.
III. PersonalitymandmScience:mPersonalitymismamscientificmenterprisemconcernedmwithmthemdescription,
m explanation,mprediction,mandmcontrolmofmevents.
A. ComponentsmofmScience:mTheoriesmandmResearchmMethods
1. Whatmaremtheories?m Amtheorymismamsystemmofminterrelatedm conceptualmstatementsmthatm
arem createdmbyminvestigatorsmtomaccountmformamphenomenonmormamsetmofmphenomena.
2. Kindsmofmtheories
a. inductive-setsmofmgeneralmsummarymstatementsmaboutmphenomenamderivedmfrommfacts.
b. deductive-
theoriesminmwhichmspecificmhypothesesmaremderivedmfrommabstractmpropositionsm andmthen
mtestedm bymthemcollectionmofmdata.mDeductivemtheoriesmconsistmofmpostulates,m propositio
ns,mconceptualmdefinitions,moperationalmdefinitions,mhypotheses,mandmempiricalm observat
ions.
1. postulates-
themfundamentalmormcoremassumptionsmofmamtheory.mTheymaremtakenmasmself-
m evidentlymtrueminmordermtomprovidemamclearmandmfocusedmdirectionmformtheorizingm
andm research.
2. propositions-
mgeneralmrelationalmstatementsmthatmmaymbemtruemormfalse.mTheymaremnotmtestedm directl
y;minstead,mhypothesesmaremderivedmfrommthem.
3. hypotheses-
specificmpropositionsmcontainingmconstructsmthatmaremconceptuallymdefinedmandm operation
alizedmsomtheymcanmtestedmandmconfirmedmormdisconfirmedmthroughmempiricalm testing.mH
ypothesesmaremtentativemtheoreticalmstatementsmaboutmhowmeventsmaremrelatedmtom onema
nother,moftenmstatedmasmpredictions.
a. ampriormpredictions-predictionsmmadembeforemthemcollectionmofmdata.
4. conceptualmdefinitions-
mconceptsminmthemhypothesesmaremdefinedmpreciselymsomthatmaccuratem measuresmofmthemc
onceptsmcanmbemdevised.
5. operationalmdefinitions-mproceduresm(ormoperations)musedmtomdefinemparticularmconstructs.
6. empiricalmobservations-observationsmofmphenomenammadembyminvestigators.
1V.mResearchmMethodsmUsedmtomTestmTheories
A. ExperimentalmMethod-techniquemformstudyingmcause-and-
meffectmrelationshipsmbetweenm variables.mItminvolvesmthemmanipulationmofmindependentm
variablesmandmobservationmofmthem effectsmofmthemmanipulation(s)monmdependentmvariab
les.
4
