SOCI 200 MIDTERM EXAM QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS ALL CORRECT
What do individuals prioritize in Group Think? - Answer- Group stability
Social Deviance - Answer- Anything that goes against societal norms
What is social deviance associated with - Answer- stigma
Main demographics of both victimization and perpetration - Answer- male, younger,
lower socioeconomic status
Uniform Crime Report - Answer- an official measure of crime in the United States using
police data
National Crime Victimization Survey - Answer- A random survey of households that
measures crimes committed against victims; includes crimes not reported to police
Social Control - Answer- set of techniques used to get people to follow the rules and
avoid deviance
formal vs informal social control ex. - Answer- arresting vs shame
Who talked about functions of crime? - Answer- Durkheim
Functions of Crime - Answer- some crime has the potential to benefit society
4 Functions of Crime - Answer- 1. It reminds us of our norms
2. Group can come together to punish the rule-breaker
3. Can promote social change
4. Minor crimes allow for blowing off steam and making people think they have more
control than they do
Structural Strain Theory - Answer- society creates deviance by promoting universal
goals (like wealth) while limiting access to legitimate means for achieving them
5 responses to structural strain - Answer- 1. Conformity (rules and goals)
2. Innovators (criminals) (no rules, goals)
, 3. Ritualism (rules, no goals)
4. Retreatists (no rules, no goals)
5. Rebel/Revolutionary (no rules, no goals)
Who came up with Structural Strain Theory - Answer- Robert Merton
conflict theory of deviance - Answer- people who make laws won't inconvenience
themselves
What main sociological theory is Labeling Theory part of - Answer- Symbolic
Interactionism
Labeling Theory - Answer- deviance is in the eye of the beholder, crime is not inherently
deviant
Who came up with Labeling Theory - Answer- Howard Becker
Primary and Secondary deviance - Answer- Initial, often minor, act of rule-breaking vs
more serious deviant behavior resulting from being labeled by society
Who came up with primary vs secondary deviance - Answer- Lemert
Differential Association Theory - Answer- deviance in a group means the individuals are
more likely to be deviant; modeling, influence norms
Sociology - Answer- systematic study of patterns of human interactions between social
positions (roles in society)
Sociological Imagination - Answer- Understanding the interaction between individual
biography and social history (context)
C. Wright Mills (20th century) - Answer- Creator of sociological imagination idea
Manifest vs Latent - Answer- objective vs subjective
Constrained Choice Theory - Answer- choices are constrained by context, not uniform
for everyone (part of sociological imagination)
Three Qs for Sociological Imagination - Answer- 1. What is the nature of the context
2. What is the relative position of that structure at this point in time
3. Who has the power
are sociological issues personal troubles? - Answer- no
What are the four main sociological theories - Answer- Functionalism, Conflict
Perspective, Social Exchange Theory, Symbolic Interactionism
AND ANSWERS ALL CORRECT
What do individuals prioritize in Group Think? - Answer- Group stability
Social Deviance - Answer- Anything that goes against societal norms
What is social deviance associated with - Answer- stigma
Main demographics of both victimization and perpetration - Answer- male, younger,
lower socioeconomic status
Uniform Crime Report - Answer- an official measure of crime in the United States using
police data
National Crime Victimization Survey - Answer- A random survey of households that
measures crimes committed against victims; includes crimes not reported to police
Social Control - Answer- set of techniques used to get people to follow the rules and
avoid deviance
formal vs informal social control ex. - Answer- arresting vs shame
Who talked about functions of crime? - Answer- Durkheim
Functions of Crime - Answer- some crime has the potential to benefit society
4 Functions of Crime - Answer- 1. It reminds us of our norms
2. Group can come together to punish the rule-breaker
3. Can promote social change
4. Minor crimes allow for blowing off steam and making people think they have more
control than they do
Structural Strain Theory - Answer- society creates deviance by promoting universal
goals (like wealth) while limiting access to legitimate means for achieving them
5 responses to structural strain - Answer- 1. Conformity (rules and goals)
2. Innovators (criminals) (no rules, goals)
, 3. Ritualism (rules, no goals)
4. Retreatists (no rules, no goals)
5. Rebel/Revolutionary (no rules, no goals)
Who came up with Structural Strain Theory - Answer- Robert Merton
conflict theory of deviance - Answer- people who make laws won't inconvenience
themselves
What main sociological theory is Labeling Theory part of - Answer- Symbolic
Interactionism
Labeling Theory - Answer- deviance is in the eye of the beholder, crime is not inherently
deviant
Who came up with Labeling Theory - Answer- Howard Becker
Primary and Secondary deviance - Answer- Initial, often minor, act of rule-breaking vs
more serious deviant behavior resulting from being labeled by society
Who came up with primary vs secondary deviance - Answer- Lemert
Differential Association Theory - Answer- deviance in a group means the individuals are
more likely to be deviant; modeling, influence norms
Sociology - Answer- systematic study of patterns of human interactions between social
positions (roles in society)
Sociological Imagination - Answer- Understanding the interaction between individual
biography and social history (context)
C. Wright Mills (20th century) - Answer- Creator of sociological imagination idea
Manifest vs Latent - Answer- objective vs subjective
Constrained Choice Theory - Answer- choices are constrained by context, not uniform
for everyone (part of sociological imagination)
Three Qs for Sociological Imagination - Answer- 1. What is the nature of the context
2. What is the relative position of that structure at this point in time
3. Who has the power
are sociological issues personal troubles? - Answer- no
What are the four main sociological theories - Answer- Functionalism, Conflict
Perspective, Social Exchange Theory, Symbolic Interactionism
