USC SOCI-200 MIIDTERM EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
(ALREADY PASSED)
Research ethics - Answer- 1.) Do no harm (physical, psychological, or emotional)
2.) Informed consent
3.) Voluntary participation
Culture - Answer- - What we do not notice at home but would spot in a foreign context
- Culture is everything but nature
- The sum of the social categories and concepts we embrace in addition to beliefs,
behaviors, and practices
- Culture is learned and shared and always changing over time
Ethnocentrism - Answer- Belief that one's own culture or group is superior to others, and
the tendency to view all other cultures from the perspective of one's own
Nonmaterial vs material culture - Answer- Nonmaterial culture: values, beliefs,
behaviors, and social norms
Material culture: everything that is a part of out constructed, physical environment,
including technology
Culture lag - Answer- When the material culture changes faster than the nonmaterial
culture
Culture shock - Answer- Doubt, confusion, or anxiety arising from immersion in an
unfamiliar culture
Code switch - Answer- To flip fluidly between two or more languages and sets of
cultural norms to fit different cultural contexts
Ideology - Answer- A system of concepts and relationships, an understanding of cause
and effect
Cultural relativism - Answer- Taking into account the differences across cultures without
passing judgment or assigning value
, Cultural scripts - Answer- Modes of behavior and understanding that are not universal
or natural
Subculture vs. Counterculture - Answer- Subculture: different culture within a
culture...but not necessarily opposed
Counterculture: antagonistic; opposed to a culture/trying to change it
Values and Norms - Answer- Values: moral beliefs
Norms: how values tell us to behave
Socialization - Answer- The process by which individuals internalize the values, beliefs,
and norms of a given society and learn to function as members of that society
Reflection theory - Answer- The idea that culture is a projection of social structures and
relationships into the public sphere, a screen onto which the film of the underlying reality
or social structures of a society is projected
Hegemony - Answer- - Getting people to go along with the status quo because it seems
like the best course or the natural order of things
- A condition by which a dominant group uses its power to elicit the voluntary "consent"
of the masses
Culture jamming - Answer- The act of turning media against themselves
Self - Answer- The individual identity of a person as perceived by that same person
Generalized other - Answer- An internalized sense of the total expectations of others in
a variety of settings - regardless of whether we've encountered those people or places
before
Resocialization - Answer- The process by which one's sense of social values, beliefs,
and norms are reengineered, often deliberately, through an intense social process that
may take place in a total institution
Total institution - Answer- An institution in which one is totally immersed and that
controls all the basics of day-to-day life; no barriers exist between the usual spheres of
daily life, and all activity occurs in the same place and under the same single authority
Status and Role - Answer- Status: a recognizable social position that an individual
occupies
- Role: the duties and behaviors expected of someone who holds a particular status
Role strain vs role conflict - Answer- Role strain: the incompatibility among roles
corresponding to a single status
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
(ALREADY PASSED)
Research ethics - Answer- 1.) Do no harm (physical, psychological, or emotional)
2.) Informed consent
3.) Voluntary participation
Culture - Answer- - What we do not notice at home but would spot in a foreign context
- Culture is everything but nature
- The sum of the social categories and concepts we embrace in addition to beliefs,
behaviors, and practices
- Culture is learned and shared and always changing over time
Ethnocentrism - Answer- Belief that one's own culture or group is superior to others, and
the tendency to view all other cultures from the perspective of one's own
Nonmaterial vs material culture - Answer- Nonmaterial culture: values, beliefs,
behaviors, and social norms
Material culture: everything that is a part of out constructed, physical environment,
including technology
Culture lag - Answer- When the material culture changes faster than the nonmaterial
culture
Culture shock - Answer- Doubt, confusion, or anxiety arising from immersion in an
unfamiliar culture
Code switch - Answer- To flip fluidly between two or more languages and sets of
cultural norms to fit different cultural contexts
Ideology - Answer- A system of concepts and relationships, an understanding of cause
and effect
Cultural relativism - Answer- Taking into account the differences across cultures without
passing judgment or assigning value
, Cultural scripts - Answer- Modes of behavior and understanding that are not universal
or natural
Subculture vs. Counterculture - Answer- Subculture: different culture within a
culture...but not necessarily opposed
Counterculture: antagonistic; opposed to a culture/trying to change it
Values and Norms - Answer- Values: moral beliefs
Norms: how values tell us to behave
Socialization - Answer- The process by which individuals internalize the values, beliefs,
and norms of a given society and learn to function as members of that society
Reflection theory - Answer- The idea that culture is a projection of social structures and
relationships into the public sphere, a screen onto which the film of the underlying reality
or social structures of a society is projected
Hegemony - Answer- - Getting people to go along with the status quo because it seems
like the best course or the natural order of things
- A condition by which a dominant group uses its power to elicit the voluntary "consent"
of the masses
Culture jamming - Answer- The act of turning media against themselves
Self - Answer- The individual identity of a person as perceived by that same person
Generalized other - Answer- An internalized sense of the total expectations of others in
a variety of settings - regardless of whether we've encountered those people or places
before
Resocialization - Answer- The process by which one's sense of social values, beliefs,
and norms are reengineered, often deliberately, through an intense social process that
may take place in a total institution
Total institution - Answer- An institution in which one is totally immersed and that
controls all the basics of day-to-day life; no barriers exist between the usual spheres of
daily life, and all activity occurs in the same place and under the same single authority
Status and Role - Answer- Status: a recognizable social position that an individual
occupies
- Role: the duties and behaviors expected of someone who holds a particular status
Role strain vs role conflict - Answer- Role strain: the incompatibility among roles
corresponding to a single status
