EDHD320 MID-TERM EXAM QUESTIONS
COMPLETE WITH 100% VERIFIED
ANSWERS
\.lifespan development - ANSWERS✔-ways people grow, change, and stay the
same throughout their lives
\.why study lifespan development - ANSWERS✔--understand how humans
develop and grow
-figure out when we start learning certain objectives to make sure we develop
properly and determine developmental defects of kids
-understand lifetime patterns of change
-changes that occur early on influence how we experience later changes
-to understand a variety of social problems, make contributions to social policies
and seek to enhance life chances of diverse groups of individuals, families and
communities
\.five principles of lifespan development - ANSWERS✔-1. multidimensional:
physical (body maturation & growth), cognitive (maturation of thought processes
,and problem solving), socioemotional (changes in personality, emotions, social
skills, etc.)
2. multidirectional: gains and losses, growth and decline
3. plastic: changeability, resilience- adapt to adverse contexts/circumstances
4. influenced by multiple contexts: context- where and when person develops,
cohort- generation of people born at same time
5. multidisciplinary: contributions of many disciplines needed to understand how
people grow, think, interact w the world
\.basic issues in lifespan human development - ANSWERS✔-1. Do people remain
largely the same over time or do they change dramatically?: continuous vs.
discontinuous development
2. What role do people play in their own development?: individuals active in
development- ex: infants who smile at adults more likely to elicit smiles and "baby
talk" from adults around them
3. To what extent is development a function of inborn genetic endowments, as
compared with the environment in which individuals live?: nature vs. nurture
interaction
,\.nature vs. nurture - ANSWERS✔-nature: genetic endowments/heredity,
maturational processes, evolution
nurture: physical and social environment
\.continuous vs. discontinuous development - ANSWERS✔-continuous: slow and
gradual change
discontinuous: abrupt change
\.scientific method - ANSWERS✔-process of posing and answering questions by
making careful and systematic observations and gathering information
\.steps of scientific method - ANSWERS✔-1. identify research question to be
studied and formulate hypotheses
2. gather information
3. summarize information and determine whether hypothesis is refuted
4. interpret summarized information, consider findings in light of other research
studies, and share findings
\.Methods for gathering data - ANSWERS✔-1. self-reports: interviews and
questionnaires--open-ended interview, structured interview, questionnaire
, 2. observations: naturalistic observation, structured observation
3. physiological measures
\.self-report advantages and disadvantages - ANSWERS✔-advantages: cheap,
collects more detail, gives full indication of person's experience
disadvantages: lots of bias possible, questions could easily be worded a certain
way to elicit specific responses, unpredictable answers, difficult to measure,
difficult to generalize to larger populations or communities
\.observations advantages and disadvantages - ANSWERS✔-advantages: allows
data to be quantitative, doesn't disrupt natural setting
disadvantages: can only be small scale, lacks validity
\.study designs - ANSWERS✔-1. case study: in-depth examination of a single
person (or small group)
2. correlational designs: examines relations among measured characteristics,
behaviors, events
3. experimental designs: procedure that uses control to determine causal
relationships among variables
COMPLETE WITH 100% VERIFIED
ANSWERS
\.lifespan development - ANSWERS✔-ways people grow, change, and stay the
same throughout their lives
\.why study lifespan development - ANSWERS✔--understand how humans
develop and grow
-figure out when we start learning certain objectives to make sure we develop
properly and determine developmental defects of kids
-understand lifetime patterns of change
-changes that occur early on influence how we experience later changes
-to understand a variety of social problems, make contributions to social policies
and seek to enhance life chances of diverse groups of individuals, families and
communities
\.five principles of lifespan development - ANSWERS✔-1. multidimensional:
physical (body maturation & growth), cognitive (maturation of thought processes
,and problem solving), socioemotional (changes in personality, emotions, social
skills, etc.)
2. multidirectional: gains and losses, growth and decline
3. plastic: changeability, resilience- adapt to adverse contexts/circumstances
4. influenced by multiple contexts: context- where and when person develops,
cohort- generation of people born at same time
5. multidisciplinary: contributions of many disciplines needed to understand how
people grow, think, interact w the world
\.basic issues in lifespan human development - ANSWERS✔-1. Do people remain
largely the same over time or do they change dramatically?: continuous vs.
discontinuous development
2. What role do people play in their own development?: individuals active in
development- ex: infants who smile at adults more likely to elicit smiles and "baby
talk" from adults around them
3. To what extent is development a function of inborn genetic endowments, as
compared with the environment in which individuals live?: nature vs. nurture
interaction
,\.nature vs. nurture - ANSWERS✔-nature: genetic endowments/heredity,
maturational processes, evolution
nurture: physical and social environment
\.continuous vs. discontinuous development - ANSWERS✔-continuous: slow and
gradual change
discontinuous: abrupt change
\.scientific method - ANSWERS✔-process of posing and answering questions by
making careful and systematic observations and gathering information
\.steps of scientific method - ANSWERS✔-1. identify research question to be
studied and formulate hypotheses
2. gather information
3. summarize information and determine whether hypothesis is refuted
4. interpret summarized information, consider findings in light of other research
studies, and share findings
\.Methods for gathering data - ANSWERS✔-1. self-reports: interviews and
questionnaires--open-ended interview, structured interview, questionnaire
, 2. observations: naturalistic observation, structured observation
3. physiological measures
\.self-report advantages and disadvantages - ANSWERS✔-advantages: cheap,
collects more detail, gives full indication of person's experience
disadvantages: lots of bias possible, questions could easily be worded a certain
way to elicit specific responses, unpredictable answers, difficult to measure,
difficult to generalize to larger populations or communities
\.observations advantages and disadvantages - ANSWERS✔-advantages: allows
data to be quantitative, doesn't disrupt natural setting
disadvantages: can only be small scale, lacks validity
\.study designs - ANSWERS✔-1. case study: in-depth examination of a single
person (or small group)
2. correlational designs: examines relations among measured characteristics,
behaviors, events
3. experimental designs: procedure that uses control to determine causal
relationships among variables
