SOCIOLOGY 111 QUIZ 1 WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS (ALREADY PASSED)
Use of existing sources (secondary analysis) - Answer- refers to a variety of research
techniques that make use of previously collected and publicly accessible information
and data. Generally, in conducting secondary analysis, researchers use data in ways
that were unintended by the initial collectors of information
validity - Answer- the degree to which a measure or scale truly reflects the phenomenon
under study (accuracy)
reliability - Answer- consistency of results of measurement
survey research - Answer- gathering primary data by asking people questions about
their knowledge, attitudes, preferences, buying behavior, etc
Quantitative vs. Qualitative Research - Answer- quantitative - collects and reports data
primarily in numerical form
qualitative - relies on what is seen in field and naturalistic settings, and often focuses on
small groups and communities rather than on large groups or whole nations
groupthink - Answer- the tendency of highly cohesive groups to make poor decisions
because the members are unwilling to threaten the group's solidarity.
Groups (in groups and out groups) - Answer- In-group: any group or category to which
people feel they belong
Out-group: any group or category to which people feel they do not belong
Social Institutions - Answer- organized patterns of beliefs and behaviors centered on
basic social needs
major social institutions - Answer- family, economy, religion, political system, education
society - Answer- a fairly large number of people who live in the same territory, are
relatively independent of people outside their area, and participate in a common culture.
Sociology - Answer- the scientific study of social behavior and human groups
, Sociological Imagination (C. Wright Mills) - Answer- helps us see that most aspects of
our private lives are connected to broader social realities
individualistic approach - Answer- origins of our behavior + identity comes exclusively
from within individual
sociological approach - Answer- social context DOES exist and matter
Auguste Comte (1798-1857) - Answer- coined the term sociology, father of sociology
3 most influential theorists - Answer- Karl Marx, Max Webber, Emile Durkheim
Marxism - Answer- Saw all of history as the story of class struggle.
3 main sociological theories - Answer- functionalism, conflict theory, symbolic
interactionism
Functionalism - Answer- seeks to understand the function of a social reality. "society is
like a living organism". social health = social stability
Symbolic Interactionism - Answer- individuals create society through interaction with
others. social order is formed through shared meanings of behaviors and symbols
Conflict Theory - Answer- society is a collection of different clashing groups who
compete for advantages over others. we live in a world of our own making.
independent variable - Answer- is manipulated & influences
dependent variable - Answer- action depends on the influence of the independent
variable
scientific process - Answer- define problem, review literature, formulate hypothesis,
select research design, collect and analyze data, conclusion, report with summary,
ideas for further research
socialization - Answer- a process in which people learn the attitudes, values, and
behaviors appropriate for members of a particular culture. "transmits cukture."
culture - Answer- the totality of learned, socially transmitted customs, knowledge,
material objects, and behavior (ideas, values, artifacts of groups)
material culture - Answer- the physical or technological aspects of our daily lives
nonmaterial culture - Answer- ways of using material objects, as well as customs,
beliefs, philosophies, governments, and patterns of communication
SOLUTIONS (ALREADY PASSED)
Use of existing sources (secondary analysis) - Answer- refers to a variety of research
techniques that make use of previously collected and publicly accessible information
and data. Generally, in conducting secondary analysis, researchers use data in ways
that were unintended by the initial collectors of information
validity - Answer- the degree to which a measure or scale truly reflects the phenomenon
under study (accuracy)
reliability - Answer- consistency of results of measurement
survey research - Answer- gathering primary data by asking people questions about
their knowledge, attitudes, preferences, buying behavior, etc
Quantitative vs. Qualitative Research - Answer- quantitative - collects and reports data
primarily in numerical form
qualitative - relies on what is seen in field and naturalistic settings, and often focuses on
small groups and communities rather than on large groups or whole nations
groupthink - Answer- the tendency of highly cohesive groups to make poor decisions
because the members are unwilling to threaten the group's solidarity.
Groups (in groups and out groups) - Answer- In-group: any group or category to which
people feel they belong
Out-group: any group or category to which people feel they do not belong
Social Institutions - Answer- organized patterns of beliefs and behaviors centered on
basic social needs
major social institutions - Answer- family, economy, religion, political system, education
society - Answer- a fairly large number of people who live in the same territory, are
relatively independent of people outside their area, and participate in a common culture.
Sociology - Answer- the scientific study of social behavior and human groups
, Sociological Imagination (C. Wright Mills) - Answer- helps us see that most aspects of
our private lives are connected to broader social realities
individualistic approach - Answer- origins of our behavior + identity comes exclusively
from within individual
sociological approach - Answer- social context DOES exist and matter
Auguste Comte (1798-1857) - Answer- coined the term sociology, father of sociology
3 most influential theorists - Answer- Karl Marx, Max Webber, Emile Durkheim
Marxism - Answer- Saw all of history as the story of class struggle.
3 main sociological theories - Answer- functionalism, conflict theory, symbolic
interactionism
Functionalism - Answer- seeks to understand the function of a social reality. "society is
like a living organism". social health = social stability
Symbolic Interactionism - Answer- individuals create society through interaction with
others. social order is formed through shared meanings of behaviors and symbols
Conflict Theory - Answer- society is a collection of different clashing groups who
compete for advantages over others. we live in a world of our own making.
independent variable - Answer- is manipulated & influences
dependent variable - Answer- action depends on the influence of the independent
variable
scientific process - Answer- define problem, review literature, formulate hypothesis,
select research design, collect and analyze data, conclusion, report with summary,
ideas for further research
socialization - Answer- a process in which people learn the attitudes, values, and
behaviors appropriate for members of a particular culture. "transmits cukture."
culture - Answer- the totality of learned, socially transmitted customs, knowledge,
material objects, and behavior (ideas, values, artifacts of groups)
material culture - Answer- the physical or technological aspects of our daily lives
nonmaterial culture - Answer- ways of using material objects, as well as customs,
beliefs, philosophies, governments, and patterns of communication
