Computer Book 1
Chapter No.01 Data Basics
Q.1 Define data.
Data is a collection of facts and figures related to an object.
ڈاٹییسکزیچےسقلعتماقحقئاورادعادوامشراکومجمہعےہ۔
Data may consist of text, numbers, images, sound and videos.
آوازاوروڈیویزرپلمتشموہاتکسےہ۔،اصتوری،ادعاد،دننتم
Data can be processed to produce useful information.
دیفمولعمامتدیپارکےنےکےیلڈاٹیرپاکرروایئیکاجیتکسےہ۔
Q.2. How is data useful for an organization?
Data is very important for an organization.
اکیمیظنتےکےیلڈاٹیتہبامہےہ۔
It can be used by the managers to perform effective and successful operations of
management. اےسرجینیمزےکذرہعیااظتنمےکومرثاوراکایمبآرپزنشیوکااجنمدےنیےکےئلاامعتسلایکاجاتکسےہ۔
It also enables the organization to make better decision for future activities.
ہیمیظنتوکلبقتسمیکرسرگویمںےکےیلرتہبہلصیفرکےنےکاقلبیھبانباتےہ۔
Q.3 Define information.
The processed data is called information.
رپوسیسدشہڈاٹیوکولعمامتاہکاجاتےہ۔
Information is meaningful, useful and organized.
دیفماورمظنمےہ۔،ولعمامتابینعم
It is used for making decisions.
اےسےلصیفرکےنےکےیلاامعتسلایکاجاتےہ۔
Data is used as input for processing and information is the output of this processing.
ڈاٹیوکرپوگنسیسےکےیلوطبرانٹپاامعتسلایکاجاتےہاورولعمامتاسرپوگنسیساکآؤٹٹپےہ۔
Q.4. Give an example of data and its corresponding information.
The data of a student may consist of Roll Number, Student Name, Father Name and
Marks of different subjects.
وادلاکانماورفلتخماضمنیمےکربمنوںرپلمتشموہاتکسےہ۔،اطبلملعاکانم،اطبلملعاکڈاٹیرولربمن
The data of the students can be processed to produce useful information such as
total marks and grade of the student.
ابلطءےکڈاٹیوکدیفمولعمامتایتررکےنےکےیلرپوسیسایکاجاتکسےہےسیجہکاطبلملعےکلکربمناوررگڈی۔
Q.5. Differentiate between data and information.
Data is a collection of facts and figures related to an object.
ڈاٹییسکزیچےسقلعتماقحقئاورادعادوامشراکومجمہعےہ۔
The information is generated by processing the data.
ولعمامتڈاٹیرپاکرروایئرکےکایتریکاجیتںیہ۔
Data is used as input in the computer and information is the output of the computer.
ڈاٹیویپمکرٹںیمانٹپےکوطررپاامعتسلوہاتےہاورولعمامتویپمکرٹیکآؤٹٹپےہ۔
Composed by: M.Umair Nasir
, Computer Book 2
Q.6. What is data processing?
The process of manipulating data to achieve the required objectives and results is
called data processing.
ولطمہباقمدصاوراتنجئےکوصحكےکےیلڈاٹیںیمریہاریھپیےکلمعوکڈاٹیرپوگنسیساہکاجاتےہ۔
The software is used to process raw data.
اسٹفورئیوکاخلڈاٹیرپاکرروایئرکےنےکےیلاامعتسكایکاجاتےہ۔
The software converts raw data into meaningful information.
اسٹفورئیاخلڈاٹیوکابینعمولعمامتںیمدبتلیرکاتےہ۔
Q.7 List different activities in data processing.
Different activities involved in data processing are data capturing, data manipulation
and managing output results.
کیپ
ڈاٹیںیمریہاریھپیاورآؤٹٹپےکاتنجئاکااظتنلںیہ۔،ڈاٹیرپوگنسیسںیماشلمفلتخمرسرگایمںڈاٹی چرگن
Q.8. What do you mean by data manipulation?
The process of applying different operations on data is called data manipulation.
ڈاٹیرپفلتخمآرپزنشیوکالوگرکےنےکلمعوکڈاٹیمینیپونشیلےتہکںیہ۔
It includes the operations of classifying, calculations, sorting and summarizing.
اھچیٹناورالخہصرکےنےکاکلاشلمںیہ۔،اسحب،اسںیمدرہجدنبی
Q.9. Define field.
A combination of one or more characters is called field.
اکیایزایدہرحوفاکومجمہعڈلیفالہکاتےہ۔
It is the smallest unit of data that can be accessed by the user.
ہیڈاٹییکبسےسوھچیٹااکیئےہسجکتاصرفراسیئاحلصرکاتکسےہ۔
Q.1O. Why is it important to specify data type and size of a field?
The data type of a field specifies the type of data that can be stored in the field.
ڈاٹییکمسقیکواضتحرکیتےہےسجڈلیفںیموفحمظایکاجاتکسےہ۔,ڈلیفےکڈاٹییکمسق
A field size defines the maximum number of characters that can be stored in a field.
اکیڈلیفاسزئرحوفیکزایدہےسزایدہدعتادیکواضتحرکاتےہوجیسکڈلیفںیموفحمظےیکاجےتکسںیہ۔
Q.11. Define a record and give an example.
A collection of related fields used as a single unit is called a record.
اکیااکیئےکوطررپاامعتسكوہےنواےلہقلعتموبعشںاکومجمہعراکیرڈالہکاتےہ۔
For example, an employee’s record includes a set of fields that contains
EmployerID, Name, HireDate, JobTitle and Phone etc.
وریغہاشلمenehoاورleiTerr، elomeroE، eDoE، DIreyolpmEالمزلےکراکیرڈںیمڈلیفزاکاکیٹیساشلموہاتےہسجںیم،اثمكےکوطررپ
وہےتںیہ۔
Q.12. What is a file?
A collection of related records used as a single unit is called file.
اکیااکیئےکوطررپاامعتسكوہےنواےلہقلعتمراکیرڈوںاکومجمہعافلئالہکاتےہ۔
File is also known as data set.
افلئوکڈاٹیٹیسےکانلےسیھباجاناجاتےہ۔
Composed by: M.Umair Nasir
, Computer Book 3
Files are stored on different storage media such as hard disk, USB flash drive or
optical disc etc.
فلیشڈراویئایآلکیٹپڈکسوریغہرپوفحمظیکاجیتںیہ۔USU،افںیلئفلتخماوٹسرجیڈیمایےسیجاہرڈڈکس
Q.13. List the file types from usage point of view.
The file types from usage point of view are master file, transaction file and backup
file.
رٹازننشکیافلئاورکیباپافلئںیہ۔،اامعتسكےکہطقنرظنےسافلئیکااسقلامرٹسافلئ
Q.14. Differentiate between master file and transaction file.
The master file is used to store the information that remains constant for a long
period of time.
امرٹسافلئاکاامعتسكامولعمامتوکذریخہرکےنےکےیلایکاجاتےہوجوطلیرعےصکتلقتسمریتہےہ۔
The transaction file is used to store input data before processing.
رٹازننشکیافلئوکرپوگنسیسےسےلہپامٹپڈاٹیوکذریخہرکےنےکےیلاامعتسكایکاجاتےہ۔
Q.15. Give one example for master and transaction file.
The college maintains a master file for each student and transaction file for each fee
deposit.
اکجلرہاطبلملعےکےیلاکیامرٹسافلئاوررہسیفڈاپزٹےکےیلرٹازننشکیافلئراتھکےہ۔
Q.16. Write the file types from functional point of view.
The file types from functional point view are program files and data files.
لنشکنفوپاٹنئوویےسافلئیکںیمسقرپورگالافںیلئاورڈاٹیافںیلئںیہ۔
Q.17. Define program file.
A type of file that contains the software instructions is called program file.
اکیمسقیکافلئسجںیماسٹفورئییکدہاایتوہیتںیہاےسرپورگالافلئاہکاجاتےہ۔
A program file has an extension of .com or .exe.
یکوتعیسوہیتےہ۔.oxo ای.EmeDاکیرپورگالافلئںیم
These files contain the instructions that can be directly executed by the computer.
امافولئںںیموہدہاایتوہیتںیہوجویپمکرٹےکذرےعیرباہراتسلمعںیمالیئاجیتکسںیہ۔
Q.18. Define data file.
A type of file that contains data is called data file.
افلئیکاکیمسقسجںیمڈاٹیوہاتےہاےسڈاٹیافلئاہکاجاتےہ۔
Data files are created by the software being used.
ڈاٹیافںیلئاامعتسكےیکاجےنواےلاسٹفورئیےکذرہعیانبیئاجیتںیہ۔
A data files is generally opened in the same software in which it is created.
ڈاٹیافولئںوکاعلوطررپایساسٹفورئیںیموھکالاجاتےہسجںیماےسانبایاجاتےہ۔
Q.19. What do you mean by file organization?
A technique for physically arranging the records of a file on secondary storage
devices is called file organization.
ڈنکیسریاوٹسرجیڈویائرپافلئےکراکیرڈوکزفلکیوطررپرتبیتدےنییککینکتوکافلئآرانگزئنشیاہکاجاتےہ۔
Composed by: M.Umair Nasir
Chapter No.01 Data Basics
Q.1 Define data.
Data is a collection of facts and figures related to an object.
ڈاٹییسکزیچےسقلعتماقحقئاورادعادوامشراکومجمہعےہ۔
Data may consist of text, numbers, images, sound and videos.
آوازاوروڈیویزرپلمتشموہاتکسےہ۔،اصتوری،ادعاد،دننتم
Data can be processed to produce useful information.
دیفمولعمامتدیپارکےنےکےیلڈاٹیرپاکرروایئیکاجیتکسےہ۔
Q.2. How is data useful for an organization?
Data is very important for an organization.
اکیمیظنتےکےیلڈاٹیتہبامہےہ۔
It can be used by the managers to perform effective and successful operations of
management. اےسرجینیمزےکذرہعیااظتنمےکومرثاوراکایمبآرپزنشیوکااجنمدےنیےکےئلاامعتسلایکاجاتکسےہ۔
It also enables the organization to make better decision for future activities.
ہیمیظنتوکلبقتسمیکرسرگویمںےکےیلرتہبہلصیفرکےنےکاقلبیھبانباتےہ۔
Q.3 Define information.
The processed data is called information.
رپوسیسدشہڈاٹیوکولعمامتاہکاجاتےہ۔
Information is meaningful, useful and organized.
دیفماورمظنمےہ۔،ولعمامتابینعم
It is used for making decisions.
اےسےلصیفرکےنےکےیلاامعتسلایکاجاتےہ۔
Data is used as input for processing and information is the output of this processing.
ڈاٹیوکرپوگنسیسےکےیلوطبرانٹپاامعتسلایکاجاتےہاورولعمامتاسرپوگنسیساکآؤٹٹپےہ۔
Q.4. Give an example of data and its corresponding information.
The data of a student may consist of Roll Number, Student Name, Father Name and
Marks of different subjects.
وادلاکانماورفلتخماضمنیمےکربمنوںرپلمتشموہاتکسےہ۔،اطبلملعاکانم،اطبلملعاکڈاٹیرولربمن
The data of the students can be processed to produce useful information such as
total marks and grade of the student.
ابلطءےکڈاٹیوکدیفمولعمامتایتررکےنےکےیلرپوسیسایکاجاتکسےہےسیجہکاطبلملعےکلکربمناوررگڈی۔
Q.5. Differentiate between data and information.
Data is a collection of facts and figures related to an object.
ڈاٹییسکزیچےسقلعتماقحقئاورادعادوامشراکومجمہعےہ۔
The information is generated by processing the data.
ولعمامتڈاٹیرپاکرروایئرکےکایتریکاجیتںیہ۔
Data is used as input in the computer and information is the output of the computer.
ڈاٹیویپمکرٹںیمانٹپےکوطررپاامعتسلوہاتےہاورولعمامتویپمکرٹیکآؤٹٹپےہ۔
Composed by: M.Umair Nasir
, Computer Book 2
Q.6. What is data processing?
The process of manipulating data to achieve the required objectives and results is
called data processing.
ولطمہباقمدصاوراتنجئےکوصحكےکےیلڈاٹیںیمریہاریھپیےکلمعوکڈاٹیرپوگنسیساہکاجاتےہ۔
The software is used to process raw data.
اسٹفورئیوکاخلڈاٹیرپاکرروایئرکےنےکےیلاامعتسكایکاجاتےہ۔
The software converts raw data into meaningful information.
اسٹفورئیاخلڈاٹیوکابینعمولعمامتںیمدبتلیرکاتےہ۔
Q.7 List different activities in data processing.
Different activities involved in data processing are data capturing, data manipulation
and managing output results.
کیپ
ڈاٹیںیمریہاریھپیاورآؤٹٹپےکاتنجئاکااظتنلںیہ۔،ڈاٹیرپوگنسیسںیماشلمفلتخمرسرگایمںڈاٹی چرگن
Q.8. What do you mean by data manipulation?
The process of applying different operations on data is called data manipulation.
ڈاٹیرپفلتخمآرپزنشیوکالوگرکےنےکلمعوکڈاٹیمینیپونشیلےتہکںیہ۔
It includes the operations of classifying, calculations, sorting and summarizing.
اھچیٹناورالخہصرکےنےکاکلاشلمںیہ۔،اسحب،اسںیمدرہجدنبی
Q.9. Define field.
A combination of one or more characters is called field.
اکیایزایدہرحوفاکومجمہعڈلیفالہکاتےہ۔
It is the smallest unit of data that can be accessed by the user.
ہیڈاٹییکبسےسوھچیٹااکیئےہسجکتاصرفراسیئاحلصرکاتکسےہ۔
Q.1O. Why is it important to specify data type and size of a field?
The data type of a field specifies the type of data that can be stored in the field.
ڈاٹییکمسقیکواضتحرکیتےہےسجڈلیفںیموفحمظایکاجاتکسےہ۔,ڈلیفےکڈاٹییکمسق
A field size defines the maximum number of characters that can be stored in a field.
اکیڈلیفاسزئرحوفیکزایدہےسزایدہدعتادیکواضتحرکاتےہوجیسکڈلیفںیموفحمظےیکاجےتکسںیہ۔
Q.11. Define a record and give an example.
A collection of related fields used as a single unit is called a record.
اکیااکیئےکوطررپاامعتسكوہےنواےلہقلعتموبعشںاکومجمہعراکیرڈالہکاتےہ۔
For example, an employee’s record includes a set of fields that contains
EmployerID, Name, HireDate, JobTitle and Phone etc.
وریغہاشلمenehoاورleiTerr، elomeroE، eDoE، DIreyolpmEالمزلےکراکیرڈںیمڈلیفزاکاکیٹیساشلموہاتےہسجںیم،اثمكےکوطررپ
وہےتںیہ۔
Q.12. What is a file?
A collection of related records used as a single unit is called file.
اکیااکیئےکوطررپاامعتسكوہےنواےلہقلعتمراکیرڈوںاکومجمہعافلئالہکاتےہ۔
File is also known as data set.
افلئوکڈاٹیٹیسےکانلےسیھباجاناجاتےہ۔
Composed by: M.Umair Nasir
, Computer Book 3
Files are stored on different storage media such as hard disk, USB flash drive or
optical disc etc.
فلیشڈراویئایآلکیٹپڈکسوریغہرپوفحمظیکاجیتںیہ۔USU،افںیلئفلتخماوٹسرجیڈیمایےسیجاہرڈڈکس
Q.13. List the file types from usage point of view.
The file types from usage point of view are master file, transaction file and backup
file.
رٹازننشکیافلئاورکیباپافلئںیہ۔،اامعتسكےکہطقنرظنےسافلئیکااسقلامرٹسافلئ
Q.14. Differentiate between master file and transaction file.
The master file is used to store the information that remains constant for a long
period of time.
امرٹسافلئاکاامعتسكامولعمامتوکذریخہرکےنےکےیلایکاجاتےہوجوطلیرعےصکتلقتسمریتہےہ۔
The transaction file is used to store input data before processing.
رٹازننشکیافلئوکرپوگنسیسےسےلہپامٹپڈاٹیوکذریخہرکےنےکےیلاامعتسكایکاجاتےہ۔
Q.15. Give one example for master and transaction file.
The college maintains a master file for each student and transaction file for each fee
deposit.
اکجلرہاطبلملعےکےیلاکیامرٹسافلئاوررہسیفڈاپزٹےکےیلرٹازننشکیافلئراتھکےہ۔
Q.16. Write the file types from functional point of view.
The file types from functional point view are program files and data files.
لنشکنفوپاٹنئوویےسافلئیکںیمسقرپورگالافںیلئاورڈاٹیافںیلئںیہ۔
Q.17. Define program file.
A type of file that contains the software instructions is called program file.
اکیمسقیکافلئسجںیماسٹفورئییکدہاایتوہیتںیہاےسرپورگالافلئاہکاجاتےہ۔
A program file has an extension of .com or .exe.
یکوتعیسوہیتےہ۔.oxo ای.EmeDاکیرپورگالافلئںیم
These files contain the instructions that can be directly executed by the computer.
امافولئںںیموہدہاایتوہیتںیہوجویپمکرٹےکذرےعیرباہراتسلمعںیمالیئاجیتکسںیہ۔
Q.18. Define data file.
A type of file that contains data is called data file.
افلئیکاکیمسقسجںیمڈاٹیوہاتےہاےسڈاٹیافلئاہکاجاتےہ۔
Data files are created by the software being used.
ڈاٹیافںیلئاامعتسكےیکاجےنواےلاسٹفورئیےکذرہعیانبیئاجیتںیہ۔
A data files is generally opened in the same software in which it is created.
ڈاٹیافولئںوکاعلوطررپایساسٹفورئیںیموھکالاجاتےہسجںیماےسانبایاجاتےہ۔
Q.19. What do you mean by file organization?
A technique for physically arranging the records of a file on secondary storage
devices is called file organization.
ڈنکیسریاوٹسرجیڈویائرپافلئےکراکیرڈوکزفلکیوطررپرتبیتدےنییککینکتوکافلئآرانگزئنشیاہکاجاتےہ۔
Composed by: M.Umair Nasir
