NUSC 3230 MIDTERM EXAM 2026-2027
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A+
What is 'health'?
- Feeling 'good.'
- The absence of disease and pain.
- A continuum along which the total living experiences can be placed: The
presence of disease, impairment or disability at one end of the spectrum and the
freedom from disease or injury at the other.
Achieve Good Health
- Safe environment: Control physical, chemcial, and biological hazards.
- Enhance immunity: Immunize to protect individuals and communities.
- Sensible behavior: Encourage healthful habits and discourage harmful habits.
- Good nutrition: Eat a well balanced diet, containing neither too much nor too
little.
- Well-born children: Every child should be a wanted child, and every mother fit
and healthy.
- Prudent health care: Cautious skepticism is better than uncritical enthusiam.
Core Functions of Public Health
- Assessment: Systematically collect, analyze, and make available information in
healthy communities.
- Policy development: Promote the use of scientific knowledge base in policy and
decision making.
,- Assurance: Ensure provision of services to those in need.
The Health Continuum
1. Primary Prevention
2. Secondary Prevention
3. Tertiary Prevention
Well Population - Primary Prevention
- Promote healthy behaviors and environments across the lifespan.
- Creates supportive environments.
- Prevent disease incidence.
At Risk - Secondary Prevention/Early Detection
- Screening.
- Periodic health examinations.
- Early intervention.
- Control risk factors (lifestyle and medication).
- Prevent progression of established disease.
Established Disease - Disease Management and Tertiary Prevention
- Treatment and acute care.
,- Complications management.
- Self-management.
- Reduce complications or disability.
Controlled Chronic Disease - Disease Management and Tertiary Prevention
- Continuing care.
- Maintenance.
- Rehabilitation.
- Self-management.
Health Promotion
The process of enabling people to achieve their maximum potential for good
health.
- Focuses on lifestyle (behavior) change to work toward positive health behaviors.
- Intervention: A health promotion activity which focuses on promoting health and
preventing disease.
Social Determinants of Health
- Health and health care.
- Economic Stability.
- Neighborhood and built environment.
- Education.
- Food.
, - Social and community conditions.
Social Ecologial Model
- Individual: (Smallest impact) Knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors.
- Interpersonal: Family, peers, social networks, and associations.
- Institutions/Organizations: Rules, regulations, policies, and informal structures,
- Community: Social networks, norms, and standards.
- Structures, Policies, and Systems: Local, state, federal policies, and laws to
regulate/support healthy actions.
Community Nutrition Practice
- Policy.
- Program management.
- Cost - Decision-making with scarce resources.
- Population reach - who, how, intended effect.
Community Nutrition Definition
Any nutrition program whose target is the community, whether the program is
funded by the federal government or sponsored by a private group.
Public Health Nutrition
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A+
What is 'health'?
- Feeling 'good.'
- The absence of disease and pain.
- A continuum along which the total living experiences can be placed: The
presence of disease, impairment or disability at one end of the spectrum and the
freedom from disease or injury at the other.
Achieve Good Health
- Safe environment: Control physical, chemcial, and biological hazards.
- Enhance immunity: Immunize to protect individuals and communities.
- Sensible behavior: Encourage healthful habits and discourage harmful habits.
- Good nutrition: Eat a well balanced diet, containing neither too much nor too
little.
- Well-born children: Every child should be a wanted child, and every mother fit
and healthy.
- Prudent health care: Cautious skepticism is better than uncritical enthusiam.
Core Functions of Public Health
- Assessment: Systematically collect, analyze, and make available information in
healthy communities.
- Policy development: Promote the use of scientific knowledge base in policy and
decision making.
,- Assurance: Ensure provision of services to those in need.
The Health Continuum
1. Primary Prevention
2. Secondary Prevention
3. Tertiary Prevention
Well Population - Primary Prevention
- Promote healthy behaviors and environments across the lifespan.
- Creates supportive environments.
- Prevent disease incidence.
At Risk - Secondary Prevention/Early Detection
- Screening.
- Periodic health examinations.
- Early intervention.
- Control risk factors (lifestyle and medication).
- Prevent progression of established disease.
Established Disease - Disease Management and Tertiary Prevention
- Treatment and acute care.
,- Complications management.
- Self-management.
- Reduce complications or disability.
Controlled Chronic Disease - Disease Management and Tertiary Prevention
- Continuing care.
- Maintenance.
- Rehabilitation.
- Self-management.
Health Promotion
The process of enabling people to achieve their maximum potential for good
health.
- Focuses on lifestyle (behavior) change to work toward positive health behaviors.
- Intervention: A health promotion activity which focuses on promoting health and
preventing disease.
Social Determinants of Health
- Health and health care.
- Economic Stability.
- Neighborhood and built environment.
- Education.
- Food.
, - Social and community conditions.
Social Ecologial Model
- Individual: (Smallest impact) Knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors.
- Interpersonal: Family, peers, social networks, and associations.
- Institutions/Organizations: Rules, regulations, policies, and informal structures,
- Community: Social networks, norms, and standards.
- Structures, Policies, and Systems: Local, state, federal policies, and laws to
regulate/support healthy actions.
Community Nutrition Practice
- Policy.
- Program management.
- Cost - Decision-making with scarce resources.
- Population reach - who, how, intended effect.
Community Nutrition Definition
Any nutrition program whose target is the community, whether the program is
funded by the federal government or sponsored by a private group.
Public Health Nutrition
