NBRC TMC/CRT/RRT EXAM SCRIPT
2026 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS
GRADED A+
◉Tobacco use, smoking status. Answer: # packs per day X # of years
smoked = pack years
◉Pysical inspection (IPPA). Answer: Inspection
Palpation
Percussion
Auscaltation
◉Normal urine output. Answer: 40mL/hr = 1L/day
◉Sensible water loss reasons. Answer: urine, vomiting
◉Insensible water loss. Answer: Lungs, skin
◉Affects of intake exceeding output. Answer: Weight gain,
electrolyte imbalance, increased hemodynamic pressures, decreased
lung cst
,◉Normal CVP (central venous pressure). Answer: 2-6 mmHg
◉Decreased CVP & indications. Answer: < 2 mmHg = hypovolemia =
fluid therapy
◉Increased CVP & indications. Answer: > 6 mmHg = diuretics
(furosemide aka Lasix)
◉Orientation x3. Answer: Time, Place, Person
◉Orthopnea is:. Answer: difficulty breathing while lying down (CHF)
◉Dyspnea grades. Answer: Grade I: unusual exertion
Grade II: up hills or stairs
Grade III: walking at normal speed
Grade IV: slowly, walking short distance
Grade V: at rest, shaving, dressing, etc.
◉Proper interviewing techniques. Answer: Open-ended questions
◉Patient education. Answer: process of influencing the patient's
behavior to effect changes in knowledge, attitudes, & skills needed to
maintain & improve health
, ◉Effective education. Answer: begins with an assessment of the
patient's & family's learning needs to determine what learning needs
to occur & how the learning can best occur.
◉Peripheral edema causes, locations. Answer: CHF, renal failure;
arms & ankles
◉Acites. Answer: accumulation of fluid in the abdomen, generally
caused by liver failure
◉Clubbing definition; causes. Answer: When angle of the nail bed &
skin increases; chronic hypoxemia caused by COPD, CHF, CF,
pulmonary diseases
◉Cap refill. Answer: Color should return within 3 seconds
◉JVD. Answer: jugular venous distention
CHF (left-sided heart failure)
On exhalation in patients with air trapping (decrease venous return)
◉Diaphoretic. Answer: profuse sweating
heart failure (diuretics, positive inotropics)
fever, infection (antibiotics)
anxiety, nervousness (sedatives)
, TB (antitubercular drugs)
◉Erythema. Answer: redness of the skin (flushed, cap congestion,
inflammation, infection)
◉Cyanosis (definition). Answer: 5g decrease in hemoglobin
◉Pectus carinatum. Answer: forward protrusion of the sternum
◉Pectus excavatum. Answer: depression of part or all of the
sternum
◉Kyphosis (dowager's hump). Answer: convex curvature of the spine
(lean forward)
◉Scoliosis. Answer: a lateral or side-to-side curvature of the spine
◉Kyphoscoliosis. Answer: combination of kyphosis & scolisis
restrictive lung pattern (reduced lung volumes)
◉barrel chest. Answer: increased AP diameter
result of chronic air trapping (COPD)
2026 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS
GRADED A+
◉Tobacco use, smoking status. Answer: # packs per day X # of years
smoked = pack years
◉Pysical inspection (IPPA). Answer: Inspection
Palpation
Percussion
Auscaltation
◉Normal urine output. Answer: 40mL/hr = 1L/day
◉Sensible water loss reasons. Answer: urine, vomiting
◉Insensible water loss. Answer: Lungs, skin
◉Affects of intake exceeding output. Answer: Weight gain,
electrolyte imbalance, increased hemodynamic pressures, decreased
lung cst
,◉Normal CVP (central venous pressure). Answer: 2-6 mmHg
◉Decreased CVP & indications. Answer: < 2 mmHg = hypovolemia =
fluid therapy
◉Increased CVP & indications. Answer: > 6 mmHg = diuretics
(furosemide aka Lasix)
◉Orientation x3. Answer: Time, Place, Person
◉Orthopnea is:. Answer: difficulty breathing while lying down (CHF)
◉Dyspnea grades. Answer: Grade I: unusual exertion
Grade II: up hills or stairs
Grade III: walking at normal speed
Grade IV: slowly, walking short distance
Grade V: at rest, shaving, dressing, etc.
◉Proper interviewing techniques. Answer: Open-ended questions
◉Patient education. Answer: process of influencing the patient's
behavior to effect changes in knowledge, attitudes, & skills needed to
maintain & improve health
, ◉Effective education. Answer: begins with an assessment of the
patient's & family's learning needs to determine what learning needs
to occur & how the learning can best occur.
◉Peripheral edema causes, locations. Answer: CHF, renal failure;
arms & ankles
◉Acites. Answer: accumulation of fluid in the abdomen, generally
caused by liver failure
◉Clubbing definition; causes. Answer: When angle of the nail bed &
skin increases; chronic hypoxemia caused by COPD, CHF, CF,
pulmonary diseases
◉Cap refill. Answer: Color should return within 3 seconds
◉JVD. Answer: jugular venous distention
CHF (left-sided heart failure)
On exhalation in patients with air trapping (decrease venous return)
◉Diaphoretic. Answer: profuse sweating
heart failure (diuretics, positive inotropics)
fever, infection (antibiotics)
anxiety, nervousness (sedatives)
, TB (antitubercular drugs)
◉Erythema. Answer: redness of the skin (flushed, cap congestion,
inflammation, infection)
◉Cyanosis (definition). Answer: 5g decrease in hemoglobin
◉Pectus carinatum. Answer: forward protrusion of the sternum
◉Pectus excavatum. Answer: depression of part or all of the
sternum
◉Kyphosis (dowager's hump). Answer: convex curvature of the spine
(lean forward)
◉Scoliosis. Answer: a lateral or side-to-side curvature of the spine
◉Kyphoscoliosis. Answer: combination of kyphosis & scolisis
restrictive lung pattern (reduced lung volumes)
◉barrel chest. Answer: increased AP diameter
result of chronic air trapping (COPD)
