NUR 425
NUR 425 Exam 1 Study |Questions and Answers| 2026
What is informed consent?
permission granted in the knowledge of the possible consequences, typically that
which is given by a patient to a doctor for treatment with full knowledge of the
possible risks and benefits.
Who is responsible for obtaining informed consent?
physician
What can the nurse do in terms of informed consent?
re-teach what the physician has taught already and obtain signature after patient
has received teaching from physician
What are the four goals of the pre-op assessment? who completes this
assessment?
1- determine PT understanding of surgery, complications, interventions, answer
questions, and provide appropriate education
2- confirm informed consent
3- determine PT anxiety level/source and manage accordingly
4- obtain relevant info like PT identity, verify NPO status, meds taken, health
history, allergies, and family support level
***completed by the perioperative nurses in the preop area
What diagnostics should be completed before surgery?
- Lab assessments: blood typing, metabolic panel, coagulation studies, CBC, urine
tests for glucose, blood, proteins, specific gravity, ketone presence, and HGH in
women of child bearing age
- Radiologic assessments: MRI, CAT scan, ultrasound, x-ray, or ECG
NUR 425
, NUR 425
How long should a PT be NPO prior to surgery?
8 hr for solid foods, 2 hrs for clear liquids
Why should a patient be NPO prior to surgery?
to reduce risk for aspiration?
What medication can be given before surgery?
corticosteroids, anti-convulsants, and insulin
What might cause a surgery to be held?
NPO status has not been followed, diagnostics come back showing issues with
clotting or low blood cell counts, patient expresses withdrawal of consent
What is the best way to handle patient anxiety about surgery?
express that their concern is normal and encourage them to speak with the
surgeon about their concerns. EDUCATION ALLEVIATES ANXIETY
What items should be removed prior to surgery? why?
jewelry, body piercings, makeup, deodorant, perfume/cologne, hair pins,
dentures, contacts, glasses, prosthetics
***everything besides underwear, pacemaker, and lines
electrocautery unit is used to cauterize incisions, metal may cause electrical
conduction to surrounding tissues
What should be verified during the time out?
correct patient, procedure, and site
what area should be maintained as sterile to maintain surgical asepsis?
NUR 425
NUR 425 Exam 1 Study |Questions and Answers| 2026
What is informed consent?
permission granted in the knowledge of the possible consequences, typically that
which is given by a patient to a doctor for treatment with full knowledge of the
possible risks and benefits.
Who is responsible for obtaining informed consent?
physician
What can the nurse do in terms of informed consent?
re-teach what the physician has taught already and obtain signature after patient
has received teaching from physician
What are the four goals of the pre-op assessment? who completes this
assessment?
1- determine PT understanding of surgery, complications, interventions, answer
questions, and provide appropriate education
2- confirm informed consent
3- determine PT anxiety level/source and manage accordingly
4- obtain relevant info like PT identity, verify NPO status, meds taken, health
history, allergies, and family support level
***completed by the perioperative nurses in the preop area
What diagnostics should be completed before surgery?
- Lab assessments: blood typing, metabolic panel, coagulation studies, CBC, urine
tests for glucose, blood, proteins, specific gravity, ketone presence, and HGH in
women of child bearing age
- Radiologic assessments: MRI, CAT scan, ultrasound, x-ray, or ECG
NUR 425
, NUR 425
How long should a PT be NPO prior to surgery?
8 hr for solid foods, 2 hrs for clear liquids
Why should a patient be NPO prior to surgery?
to reduce risk for aspiration?
What medication can be given before surgery?
corticosteroids, anti-convulsants, and insulin
What might cause a surgery to be held?
NPO status has not been followed, diagnostics come back showing issues with
clotting or low blood cell counts, patient expresses withdrawal of consent
What is the best way to handle patient anxiety about surgery?
express that their concern is normal and encourage them to speak with the
surgeon about their concerns. EDUCATION ALLEVIATES ANXIETY
What items should be removed prior to surgery? why?
jewelry, body piercings, makeup, deodorant, perfume/cologne, hair pins,
dentures, contacts, glasses, prosthetics
***everything besides underwear, pacemaker, and lines
electrocautery unit is used to cauterize incisions, metal may cause electrical
conduction to surrounding tissues
What should be verified during the time out?
correct patient, procedure, and site
what area should be maintained as sterile to maintain surgical asepsis?
NUR 425
