CLASS 10 NOTES
SCIENCE
Control And Coordination
PRASHANT KIRAD
, PRASHANT KIRAD
Nervous System
The nervous system is like the control center of our bodies. It's made up of special
tissues called nervous tissue. The worker in this system is the nerve cell or neuron. The
nervous system is mainly in charge of managing and coordinating things in complex animals.
Functions of the nervous system:
The nervous system gets information from the world around us.
It collects information from different parts of our body.
It helps us to make decisions and control our muscles and glands.
Neuron and Nerve cells
Neurons are the basic structural and functional units of the nervous system. Neuron is a
D
highly specialized cell which is responsible for the transmission of nerve impulses.
RA
Structure of a neuron:
EMA
A neuron has four main parts:
KI
Cell Body (Soma):
Contains the nucleus and other organelles.
T
Maintains the cell's functions.
AN
Dendrites:
Tree-like structures that extend from the cell body.
Receive signals from other neurons and conduct these signals toward the cell body.
H
Axon:
AS
A long, thread-like structure that carries impulses away from the cell body.
It ends in axon terminals, which transmit signals to other neurons, muscles, or
PR
glands.
The axon may be covered with a myelin sheath, which insulates it and speeds up the
transmission of nerve impulses.
Nerve endings: They are like tiny branches at the ends of neurons, and they send
electrical signals to other neurons.
EMA
Working of a neuron:
Stimulus Received: The neuron receives a stimulus, which initiates an electrical signal
called an action potential.
Impulse Generation: The action potential is generated at the cell body and travels
along the axon.
Impulse Propagation: The nerve impulse moves down the axon towards the axon
terminals.
Synapse Transmission: At the synapse, neurotransmitters are released, transmitting
the signal to the next neuron or target cell.
Response: The signal leads to a response, such as muscle contraction or hormone
release.
SCIENCE
Control And Coordination
PRASHANT KIRAD
, PRASHANT KIRAD
Nervous System
The nervous system is like the control center of our bodies. It's made up of special
tissues called nervous tissue. The worker in this system is the nerve cell or neuron. The
nervous system is mainly in charge of managing and coordinating things in complex animals.
Functions of the nervous system:
The nervous system gets information from the world around us.
It collects information from different parts of our body.
It helps us to make decisions and control our muscles and glands.
Neuron and Nerve cells
Neurons are the basic structural and functional units of the nervous system. Neuron is a
D
highly specialized cell which is responsible for the transmission of nerve impulses.
RA
Structure of a neuron:
EMA
A neuron has four main parts:
KI
Cell Body (Soma):
Contains the nucleus and other organelles.
T
Maintains the cell's functions.
AN
Dendrites:
Tree-like structures that extend from the cell body.
Receive signals from other neurons and conduct these signals toward the cell body.
H
Axon:
AS
A long, thread-like structure that carries impulses away from the cell body.
It ends in axon terminals, which transmit signals to other neurons, muscles, or
PR
glands.
The axon may be covered with a myelin sheath, which insulates it and speeds up the
transmission of nerve impulses.
Nerve endings: They are like tiny branches at the ends of neurons, and they send
electrical signals to other neurons.
EMA
Working of a neuron:
Stimulus Received: The neuron receives a stimulus, which initiates an electrical signal
called an action potential.
Impulse Generation: The action potential is generated at the cell body and travels
along the axon.
Impulse Propagation: The nerve impulse moves down the axon towards the axon
terminals.
Synapse Transmission: At the synapse, neurotransmitters are released, transmitting
the signal to the next neuron or target cell.
Response: The signal leads to a response, such as muscle contraction or hormone
release.
