History 102 Midterm Mastery : Ultimate
Flashcards for Exam Success
Why, at least partially, did Baron Georges Haussmann include wide, tree-lined
boulevards when he renovated Paris in the middle of the nineteenth century?
British conservatives leaders underestimate Hitler and saw him as a buffer against the
Soviets
Which problem was faced by most of the underground resistance groups who
opposed the Nazis?
They were not well unified due to their differing political goals.
Which statement describes the duties of the German Einsatzgruppen (special
task force)?
They followed the German army into Central Europe, systematically murdering
"undesirable" as they moved from town to town
Who were the kulaks in Stalin's Soviet Union?
Wealthier peasants who were were deprived of their land and livestock
Which statement best describes the Holocaust?
The Nazi effort to systematically exterminates all European Jews during the Second
World War
The regimes of Joseph Stalin in the Soviet Union, Benito Mussolini Italy, and
Adolf Hitler in Germany were all
Totalitarian
How did the Soviet Union and Eastern European communist regimes treat
displaced persons returning home from the West after the war?
As politically untrustworthy because of their exposure to Western society
How did the Soviet Union initially organize the Eastern European nations as it
overthrew pro-Nazi regimes
It created coalition governments of leftist political parties but reserved key government
posts for Russian communist
The growth of the middle class in the postwar era has been attributed primarily to
increased demand for technologists and managers
advancement in military weaponry and the space race
fostered a revolution in computer technology.
In the 1950s and 1960s, the basic objective of all Western European governments
became
Economic growth
Nikita Khrushchev's de-Stalinization campaign called for
The Communist party to retain its monopoly on political power
In 1954, Vietnam obtained independence from
France
How did Mao Zedong gain the support of the peasantry in China?
He promised to land reform, education, and health-care programs
Who was the only Communist leader able to successfully resist Soviet
domination?
,Josip Broz Tito
The iron curtain forms the western boundary of which countries?
East Germany, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Romania, and Bulgaria
Which action did Richard Nixon take following his election to the US presidency
in 1968?
Gradually reduced American involvement and in the Vietnam War.
The counterculture movement based its tactics , including sit-ins and boycotts,
on the
American civil rights movement
The Helsinki Accords of 1975 called for
respect for human rights and the recognition of existing political boundaries
Which policy did the New left advocate?
The establishment of socialism with a human face, which would avoid the worst
excesses of capitalism or Soviet style communism
The leaders of the Prague Spring in Czechoslovakia hoped to
reconcile socialism with internal party democracy, in which local decisions by trade
unions, managers, and consumers would replace rigid bureaucratic planning
The neoliberals policies of the 1980s promoted
Privatization of state-owned businesses
Which statement best describes East Bloc living standards in the 1970s?
Well below those in the West but well above those in the developing world.
Which of these was Mikhail Gorbachev's goal in bringing reforms to Russia?
To revitalize the Soviet system in order to save it
How did many Soviet citizens begin to create an active civil society in the 1980s?
From watching the Congress of People's Duties, whose deputies had been chosen in
free elections in 1989
Which factor led directly to the Soviet Union's decline in 1991?
Internal dissent mixed with nationalism
Boris Yeltsin's role in the disintegration of the Soviet Union included
Emerging as a radical reform Communist who embraced the democratic movement and
led Russia to declare independence from the Soviet Union.
Mikhail Gorbachev, who became the leader of the Soviet Union in 1985, tried to
reform the Communist system through perestroika, or
Economic restructuring
Which statement best explains the Revolution in the east bloc in 1989?
East bloc economies never really recovered from the economic catastrophe of the
1970s.
According to Map 29.2: Democratic Movements in Eastern Europe, 1989, which
country was the first to display a democratic movement?
Poland
What was the main focus of the US government?
Westward Expansion
What country was the main target for industrial products?
China
What island chain was taken over by white plantation owners and American
marines?
, Hawaii
Which characteristics did BOTH Communist and Fascist dictatorships share?
Both initiated social engineering projects to replace individualism with a collective will.
As practiced in the 1930s, appeasement was
A British policy that aimed to give Hitler whatever he wanted in order to avoid war
Why did Stalin call for the mass murder of the kulaks?
He believed that as landowners they would eventually embrace capitalism and become
socialist progress
Which SoCal group was part of the new elite class in the Stalinist state?
Highly regarded artist
The "cult of the Duce" (leader) promoted the image of Mussolini as
A powerful strongman
In Stalin's Soviet Union, women
Could become industrial and scientific specialists
In the late 1920s, how did Adolf Hitler shape the Nazi Party's message to appeal
to middle-class voters?
He tooted down the party's anticapitalist elements and vowed to fight communism
Which statement describes the Nazi Party policy of "coordination"?
It forced existing German social institutions to confront to National Socialist ideology
How did the Nazis seek to legitimize their racial policies?
They established research institutes and academies that measured and defined racial
differences to disguise as science
What group did Teddy Roosevelt lead into the war with Cuba?
rough riders
What was the name of the amendment that pledged to aid Cuban independence
but limited its sovereignty afterwards?
teller amendment
What was the term for Cuba's diplomatic position with the United States and
immediately following their war for independence?
Protectorate
What US military leader defeated a flotilla in Manila Bay on May 1st, 1898?
George Dewey
What was the name of the island taken over by the United States around the same
time as the Cuban war for independence?
Philippines
After Theodore Roosevelt became president, who suggested that the US invest in
a canal across Panama?
Mahan
What country did Roosevelt have to negotiate with to gain the rights to build the
Panama Canal?
Columbia
What did the president add to the Monroe doctrine to signal the US intended to
intervene in Western hemisphere affairs?
Roosevelt Corollary
In China, what was the name of the nationalist uprising which America helped to
suppress in order to maintain a foothold there?
Flashcards for Exam Success
Why, at least partially, did Baron Georges Haussmann include wide, tree-lined
boulevards when he renovated Paris in the middle of the nineteenth century?
British conservatives leaders underestimate Hitler and saw him as a buffer against the
Soviets
Which problem was faced by most of the underground resistance groups who
opposed the Nazis?
They were not well unified due to their differing political goals.
Which statement describes the duties of the German Einsatzgruppen (special
task force)?
They followed the German army into Central Europe, systematically murdering
"undesirable" as they moved from town to town
Who were the kulaks in Stalin's Soviet Union?
Wealthier peasants who were were deprived of their land and livestock
Which statement best describes the Holocaust?
The Nazi effort to systematically exterminates all European Jews during the Second
World War
The regimes of Joseph Stalin in the Soviet Union, Benito Mussolini Italy, and
Adolf Hitler in Germany were all
Totalitarian
How did the Soviet Union and Eastern European communist regimes treat
displaced persons returning home from the West after the war?
As politically untrustworthy because of their exposure to Western society
How did the Soviet Union initially organize the Eastern European nations as it
overthrew pro-Nazi regimes
It created coalition governments of leftist political parties but reserved key government
posts for Russian communist
The growth of the middle class in the postwar era has been attributed primarily to
increased demand for technologists and managers
advancement in military weaponry and the space race
fostered a revolution in computer technology.
In the 1950s and 1960s, the basic objective of all Western European governments
became
Economic growth
Nikita Khrushchev's de-Stalinization campaign called for
The Communist party to retain its monopoly on political power
In 1954, Vietnam obtained independence from
France
How did Mao Zedong gain the support of the peasantry in China?
He promised to land reform, education, and health-care programs
Who was the only Communist leader able to successfully resist Soviet
domination?
,Josip Broz Tito
The iron curtain forms the western boundary of which countries?
East Germany, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Romania, and Bulgaria
Which action did Richard Nixon take following his election to the US presidency
in 1968?
Gradually reduced American involvement and in the Vietnam War.
The counterculture movement based its tactics , including sit-ins and boycotts,
on the
American civil rights movement
The Helsinki Accords of 1975 called for
respect for human rights and the recognition of existing political boundaries
Which policy did the New left advocate?
The establishment of socialism with a human face, which would avoid the worst
excesses of capitalism or Soviet style communism
The leaders of the Prague Spring in Czechoslovakia hoped to
reconcile socialism with internal party democracy, in which local decisions by trade
unions, managers, and consumers would replace rigid bureaucratic planning
The neoliberals policies of the 1980s promoted
Privatization of state-owned businesses
Which statement best describes East Bloc living standards in the 1970s?
Well below those in the West but well above those in the developing world.
Which of these was Mikhail Gorbachev's goal in bringing reforms to Russia?
To revitalize the Soviet system in order to save it
How did many Soviet citizens begin to create an active civil society in the 1980s?
From watching the Congress of People's Duties, whose deputies had been chosen in
free elections in 1989
Which factor led directly to the Soviet Union's decline in 1991?
Internal dissent mixed with nationalism
Boris Yeltsin's role in the disintegration of the Soviet Union included
Emerging as a radical reform Communist who embraced the democratic movement and
led Russia to declare independence from the Soviet Union.
Mikhail Gorbachev, who became the leader of the Soviet Union in 1985, tried to
reform the Communist system through perestroika, or
Economic restructuring
Which statement best explains the Revolution in the east bloc in 1989?
East bloc economies never really recovered from the economic catastrophe of the
1970s.
According to Map 29.2: Democratic Movements in Eastern Europe, 1989, which
country was the first to display a democratic movement?
Poland
What was the main focus of the US government?
Westward Expansion
What country was the main target for industrial products?
China
What island chain was taken over by white plantation owners and American
marines?
, Hawaii
Which characteristics did BOTH Communist and Fascist dictatorships share?
Both initiated social engineering projects to replace individualism with a collective will.
As practiced in the 1930s, appeasement was
A British policy that aimed to give Hitler whatever he wanted in order to avoid war
Why did Stalin call for the mass murder of the kulaks?
He believed that as landowners they would eventually embrace capitalism and become
socialist progress
Which SoCal group was part of the new elite class in the Stalinist state?
Highly regarded artist
The "cult of the Duce" (leader) promoted the image of Mussolini as
A powerful strongman
In Stalin's Soviet Union, women
Could become industrial and scientific specialists
In the late 1920s, how did Adolf Hitler shape the Nazi Party's message to appeal
to middle-class voters?
He tooted down the party's anticapitalist elements and vowed to fight communism
Which statement describes the Nazi Party policy of "coordination"?
It forced existing German social institutions to confront to National Socialist ideology
How did the Nazis seek to legitimize their racial policies?
They established research institutes and academies that measured and defined racial
differences to disguise as science
What group did Teddy Roosevelt lead into the war with Cuba?
rough riders
What was the name of the amendment that pledged to aid Cuban independence
but limited its sovereignty afterwards?
teller amendment
What was the term for Cuba's diplomatic position with the United States and
immediately following their war for independence?
Protectorate
What US military leader defeated a flotilla in Manila Bay on May 1st, 1898?
George Dewey
What was the name of the island taken over by the United States around the same
time as the Cuban war for independence?
Philippines
After Theodore Roosevelt became president, who suggested that the US invest in
a canal across Panama?
Mahan
What country did Roosevelt have to negotiate with to gain the rights to build the
Panama Canal?
Columbia
What did the president add to the Monroe doctrine to signal the US intended to
intervene in Western hemisphere affairs?
Roosevelt Corollary
In China, what was the name of the nationalist uprising which America helped to
suppress in order to maintain a foothold there?
