Guaranteed)
• Dementia -✓✓Must be coupled with a functional limitation in everyday life due to the
cognitive change
• PPCS -✓✓Always includes neuropsychological assessment, psychiatric history,
psychological response to previous injuries, available support system, and current
coping skills
• Disorders of consciousness -✓✓Coma, vegetative, persistent vegetative, minimally
conscious
• MTBI represents -✓✓75% of all TBIs in the US
• MTBI symptoms resolve... -✓✓Most symptoms resolve in 2-4 weeks
• CTE -✓✓A rare progressive degenerative condition of the central nervous system.
Diffuse axonal injury causes release of tau proteins.
• Blood Brain Barrier -✓✓At the vascular level harmful substances cannot pass through
the membrane to harm the brain and it has its own glial cells that serve as its own
immune defense and garbage disposal
• Aspiration -✓✓Food, liquid, or vomit inhaled into thw lungs can result in pneumonia or
other respiratory infections
• Pressure Sores -✓✓Caused by inadequate pressure relief, prolonged positioning on
one's side or buttocks, shearing of skin, casts, infections, incontinence, and poor
nutrition
• Sleep Disturbances -✓✓30-70% of individuals with TBI report issues and Persistent
sleep difficulties may worsen over time after injury.
• COLDER -✓✓Character
Onset
Location
Duration and Frequency
Exacerbation
Relief
• Fatique -✓✓Everyone experiences; subjective; multiplw tests make it difficult to
measure