PROSTHETIC CPM FINAL EXAM 2026 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS GRADED A+
✔✔What is the bench alignment for a TT patient - ✔✔Sagittal= 5 degrees of socket
flexion, Socket Bisection 37mm anterior to foot bolt/ posterior third of foot
Coronal= match sound side adduction, 12mm inset
Transverse= 5-7 degrees of toe out, in line with 2nd ray
✔✔What are the measurements necessary for a Transfemoral amputees casting -
✔✔IT- to distal end
IT- floor
KC- floor
Foot length
Circumference every 2 "
Hip flexion angle
✔✔What are the advantages to a ischial containment socket? - ✔✔Proximal tissue is
contained, weight bearing surface at MSt, M/L stability via boney lock at MSt, rotational
control
✔✔What are the disadvantages to an ischial containment socket? - ✔✔Higher trimlines,
pressure on ischium
✔✔What are the advantages to a sub-ischial socket - ✔✔Lower trimlines, easier to sit,
potential more ROM
✔✔What are the disadvantages to a sub-ischial socket - ✔✔Requires more volitional
control, rotational issues
✔✔What are the advantages to skin fit suspension for TF - ✔✔Pulls residual tissue
down, no bulk proximally
✔✔What are the disadvantages to skin fit suspension for tf - ✔✔Requires mature limb,
must be strong and balanced enough for pull in, cant have skin issues
✔✔What are the advantages to supracondylar wedge/anatomical suspension for a knee
disarticulation? - ✔✔Rotational control, takes advantage of the anatomy
✔✔What are the disadvantages to supracondylar wedge/anatomical suspension for a
knee disarticulation? - ✔✔Localized pressure in one area, difficult with fluctuating
edema
, ✔✔What are the advantages and advantages to a Silesian/tes belt - ✔✔Good auxiliary
suspension for patients with fluctuating volume or very short limbs, can provide
rotational control
✔✔What are the disadvantages to a Silesian/Tes belt - ✔✔Pistioning, bulky, extra layer,
adds another step to donning process
✔✔What are the advantages to a pelvic band and hip joint? - ✔✔Maximum M/L stability,
rotational control
✔✔What are the disadvantages to a pelvic band and hip joint? - ✔✔Heavy, bulky,
difficult to don, pistoning
✔✔What are the advantages to a single axis knee - ✔✔Adv: inexpensive, durable
✔✔What are the disadvantages to a single axis knee - ✔✔Fixed cadence, decreased
stability
✔✔What are the advantages to a weight activated stance control knee - ✔✔Stable
during stance, and allowing for swing limb for more natural gait, good for new
amputees, allows for easier sitting
✔✔What are the disadvantages to a weight activated stance control knee - ✔✔Must
fully unload knee to sit, a lot of stress on contralateral limb, single speed cadence
✔✔What are the advantages to a polycentric knee - ✔✔More stable, Instantaneous
center of rotation is more superior and posterior make knee inherently stable, knee
center folds up under socket shortening limb in swing making good for longer limbs
✔✔What are the disadvantages to a polycentric knee - ✔✔Increased weight, more
maintenance
✔✔What are the advantages to a manual lock knee - ✔✔Most stable, simple
✔✔What are the disadvantages to a manual lock knee - ✔✔Abnormal gait, difficult to sit
with
✔✔What are the advantages to a hydraulic/pneumatic knee - ✔✔Ambulate with varied
cadence, adjustable resistances, more stance stability
✔✔What are the disadvantages to a hydraulic/pneumatic knee - ✔✔Costly, more
expensive
ANSWERS GRADED A+
✔✔What is the bench alignment for a TT patient - ✔✔Sagittal= 5 degrees of socket
flexion, Socket Bisection 37mm anterior to foot bolt/ posterior third of foot
Coronal= match sound side adduction, 12mm inset
Transverse= 5-7 degrees of toe out, in line with 2nd ray
✔✔What are the measurements necessary for a Transfemoral amputees casting -
✔✔IT- to distal end
IT- floor
KC- floor
Foot length
Circumference every 2 "
Hip flexion angle
✔✔What are the advantages to a ischial containment socket? - ✔✔Proximal tissue is
contained, weight bearing surface at MSt, M/L stability via boney lock at MSt, rotational
control
✔✔What are the disadvantages to an ischial containment socket? - ✔✔Higher trimlines,
pressure on ischium
✔✔What are the advantages to a sub-ischial socket - ✔✔Lower trimlines, easier to sit,
potential more ROM
✔✔What are the disadvantages to a sub-ischial socket - ✔✔Requires more volitional
control, rotational issues
✔✔What are the advantages to skin fit suspension for TF - ✔✔Pulls residual tissue
down, no bulk proximally
✔✔What are the disadvantages to skin fit suspension for tf - ✔✔Requires mature limb,
must be strong and balanced enough for pull in, cant have skin issues
✔✔What are the advantages to supracondylar wedge/anatomical suspension for a knee
disarticulation? - ✔✔Rotational control, takes advantage of the anatomy
✔✔What are the disadvantages to supracondylar wedge/anatomical suspension for a
knee disarticulation? - ✔✔Localized pressure in one area, difficult with fluctuating
edema
, ✔✔What are the advantages and advantages to a Silesian/tes belt - ✔✔Good auxiliary
suspension for patients with fluctuating volume or very short limbs, can provide
rotational control
✔✔What are the disadvantages to a Silesian/Tes belt - ✔✔Pistioning, bulky, extra layer,
adds another step to donning process
✔✔What are the advantages to a pelvic band and hip joint? - ✔✔Maximum M/L stability,
rotational control
✔✔What are the disadvantages to a pelvic band and hip joint? - ✔✔Heavy, bulky,
difficult to don, pistoning
✔✔What are the advantages to a single axis knee - ✔✔Adv: inexpensive, durable
✔✔What are the disadvantages to a single axis knee - ✔✔Fixed cadence, decreased
stability
✔✔What are the advantages to a weight activated stance control knee - ✔✔Stable
during stance, and allowing for swing limb for more natural gait, good for new
amputees, allows for easier sitting
✔✔What are the disadvantages to a weight activated stance control knee - ✔✔Must
fully unload knee to sit, a lot of stress on contralateral limb, single speed cadence
✔✔What are the advantages to a polycentric knee - ✔✔More stable, Instantaneous
center of rotation is more superior and posterior make knee inherently stable, knee
center folds up under socket shortening limb in swing making good for longer limbs
✔✔What are the disadvantages to a polycentric knee - ✔✔Increased weight, more
maintenance
✔✔What are the advantages to a manual lock knee - ✔✔Most stable, simple
✔✔What are the disadvantages to a manual lock knee - ✔✔Abnormal gait, difficult to sit
with
✔✔What are the advantages to a hydraulic/pneumatic knee - ✔✔Ambulate with varied
cadence, adjustable resistances, more stance stability
✔✔What are the disadvantages to a hydraulic/pneumatic knee - ✔✔Costly, more
expensive
