BOC CORE EXAM 2026 TEST QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
GRADED A+
✔✔Phonophoresis - ✔✔transporting molecules through the skin through ultrasound
✔✔AC-biphasic stim - ✔✔pain modulation or muscle contraction
✔✔DC-monophasic stim - ✔✔a. Direct or galvanic. One direction
b. Pain modulation
c. Either negative or positive pole.
✔✔Polyphasic stim - ✔✔pulsatile
a. Contains more than 3 groups together and pulses for a short time.
b. For Russian.
✔✔Intensity for stim - ✔✔1. 150 V are low volt
a. Normally DC
2. 500 high Voltage
a. Mostly AC or DC
✔✔Muscle contraction for stim - ✔✔1. Muscle pumping
a. High volt mono phasic
b. 20-40 PPS
2. Muscle strengthening
a. Hi frequency Bi phasic. 50-60 PPS
3. Retardation of atrophy:
a. High Freequency. AC. w/ voluntary muscle contraction encouraged
4. Muscle re-education
a. Athlete should try to contract muscle along w/ stimulation
✔✔Iontophoresis - ✔✔ions that are transported through the intact skin using electrical
current for the purpose of txing skin infections or for a counter irritating effect
✔✔Microwave treatment - ✔✔1. Good for treating myositis, osteoarthritis, bursitis,
calcific tendinitis, sprains, strains.
✔✔Traction - ✔✔i. Physiological effects
1. Seperation of vert bodies.
2. Paraspinal muscles, increase articular facet separation, and relieve nerve root pain.
And decrease pressure of vertebral disks.
ii. Indications
1. Tx sprain of spinal ligaments
2. Relax discomfort from normal spinal compression
3. Spinal root impingement
4. Decrease muscle guarding and tx muscle strain.
, ✔✔Rehab short term goals - ✔✔i. Control pain and inflammation
ii. Maintain or improve ROM
iii. Restore and increase strength
iv. Cardio fitness
✔✔Rehab long term goals - ✔✔return athlete to px and competition quickly and safely
✔✔Physiological movements - ✔✔i. Both occur, from active voluntary muscle
contraction, moving and extremity through a ROM
✔✔Accessory motion - ✔✔i. Refers to a manner in which one articulating surface
moves relative to other.
✔✔Open kinetic chain - ✔✔when foot or hand is not in contact w/ ground or other
surface
✔✔Closed kinetic chain - ✔✔foot or hand is weight bearing
✔✔Joint Mobs Techniques - ✔✔i. Grade 1
1. Small amp at beginning of ROM
2. Used for pain and spasm
ii. Grade 2:
1. Large amp to the MROM
iii. Grade 3:
1. Large amp to the pathogial limit of movement
iv. Grade IV:
1. Small amp at the end of ROM few times, u
v. Grave V
1. Small amps and quick thrust to the End ROM.
vi. Grades I and II are used to TX pain
vii. Grades III and IV are used for tx stiffness.
✔✔Concave-convex rule - ✔✔i. Concave Stationary
1. Convex surface moving, should be opposite direction
ii. Convex stationary
1. Concave moving the glide should be done in the same direction.
✔✔Acetaminophen - ✔✔i. Tyelenol
ii. Has no anti inflammatory activity
iii. Does NOT irritate the GI
iv. Not a NSAID
✔✔Acetylsalicylic Acid - ✔✔i. Aspirin
1. Nausea and difficult in the GI.
GRADED A+
✔✔Phonophoresis - ✔✔transporting molecules through the skin through ultrasound
✔✔AC-biphasic stim - ✔✔pain modulation or muscle contraction
✔✔DC-monophasic stim - ✔✔a. Direct or galvanic. One direction
b. Pain modulation
c. Either negative or positive pole.
✔✔Polyphasic stim - ✔✔pulsatile
a. Contains more than 3 groups together and pulses for a short time.
b. For Russian.
✔✔Intensity for stim - ✔✔1. 150 V are low volt
a. Normally DC
2. 500 high Voltage
a. Mostly AC or DC
✔✔Muscle contraction for stim - ✔✔1. Muscle pumping
a. High volt mono phasic
b. 20-40 PPS
2. Muscle strengthening
a. Hi frequency Bi phasic. 50-60 PPS
3. Retardation of atrophy:
a. High Freequency. AC. w/ voluntary muscle contraction encouraged
4. Muscle re-education
a. Athlete should try to contract muscle along w/ stimulation
✔✔Iontophoresis - ✔✔ions that are transported through the intact skin using electrical
current for the purpose of txing skin infections or for a counter irritating effect
✔✔Microwave treatment - ✔✔1. Good for treating myositis, osteoarthritis, bursitis,
calcific tendinitis, sprains, strains.
✔✔Traction - ✔✔i. Physiological effects
1. Seperation of vert bodies.
2. Paraspinal muscles, increase articular facet separation, and relieve nerve root pain.
And decrease pressure of vertebral disks.
ii. Indications
1. Tx sprain of spinal ligaments
2. Relax discomfort from normal spinal compression
3. Spinal root impingement
4. Decrease muscle guarding and tx muscle strain.
, ✔✔Rehab short term goals - ✔✔i. Control pain and inflammation
ii. Maintain or improve ROM
iii. Restore and increase strength
iv. Cardio fitness
✔✔Rehab long term goals - ✔✔return athlete to px and competition quickly and safely
✔✔Physiological movements - ✔✔i. Both occur, from active voluntary muscle
contraction, moving and extremity through a ROM
✔✔Accessory motion - ✔✔i. Refers to a manner in which one articulating surface
moves relative to other.
✔✔Open kinetic chain - ✔✔when foot or hand is not in contact w/ ground or other
surface
✔✔Closed kinetic chain - ✔✔foot or hand is weight bearing
✔✔Joint Mobs Techniques - ✔✔i. Grade 1
1. Small amp at beginning of ROM
2. Used for pain and spasm
ii. Grade 2:
1. Large amp to the MROM
iii. Grade 3:
1. Large amp to the pathogial limit of movement
iv. Grade IV:
1. Small amp at the end of ROM few times, u
v. Grave V
1. Small amps and quick thrust to the End ROM.
vi. Grades I and II are used to TX pain
vii. Grades III and IV are used for tx stiffness.
✔✔Concave-convex rule - ✔✔i. Concave Stationary
1. Convex surface moving, should be opposite direction
ii. Convex stationary
1. Concave moving the glide should be done in the same direction.
✔✔Acetaminophen - ✔✔i. Tyelenol
ii. Has no anti inflammatory activity
iii. Does NOT irritate the GI
iv. Not a NSAID
✔✔Acetylsalicylic Acid - ✔✔i. Aspirin
1. Nausea and difficult in the GI.
