NSG 5003 Advanced Pathophysiology Exam 2026 – South University Study Guide with Practice Questions, Answers & Rationales

NSG 5003 Advanced Pathophysiology Exam 2026 – South
University Study Guide, Practice Questions, Answers & Rationales


Question 1
Differentiation refers to which of the following?
A. Cell division
B. Cell death
C. Maturation into specialized structure and function
D. DNA replication
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Differentiation is the process by which unspecialized cells become
specialized in structure and function.


Question 2
Which of the following is NOT one of the eight specialized cellular functions?
A. Movement
B. Communication
C. Digestion
D. Reproduction
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The eight functions include movement, conductivity, metabolic absorption,
secretion, excretion, respiration, reproduction, and communication.


Question 3
Eukaryotic cells are best described as:
A. Cells without a nucleus
B. Cells with membrane-bound organelles
C. Cells lacking cytoplasm
D. Cells without DNA

, Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Eukaryotic cells contain a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.


Question 4
The three main components of a eukaryotic cell include:
A. Nucleus, DNA, RNA
B. Plasma membrane, cytoplasm, organelles
C. Cytoskeleton, ribosomes, lysosomes
D. Proteins, lipids, carbohydrates
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: All eukaryotic cells consist of a plasma membrane, cytoplasm, and
intracellular organelles.


Question 5
What is the primary function of the nucleus?
A. Protein synthesis
B. Energy production
C. Storage of DNA and control of growth and reproduction
D. Waste removal
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The nucleus houses DNA and regulates cellular growth and reproduction.


Question 6
Cellular receptors are best defined as:
A. Enzymes that digest proteins
B. Molecules that produce ATP
C. Proteins that bind specific ligands
D. Lipids in the membrane