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3P EXAM STUDY APEA QUESTIONS AND CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS

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3P EXAM STUDY APEA QUESTIONS AND CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS

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3Ps
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3P EXAM STUDY APEA QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS
What would cause decrease in Digoxin levels? - Ans--Antacids
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Taking Pyridium for UTI, what can Pyridium cause? - Ans--Hemolytic Anemia
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What can PCOS result in? - Ans--
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Increased insulin levels (Hyperinsulinemia), Androgens, Hirsutism
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What are the anti-hypertensives used in pregnancy? - Ans--Methyldopa (Alpha-2-
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Agonist), Labetalol, Nifedipine, Hydralazine
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What is a characteristic of Placenta Previa? - Ans--Painless, red bleeding
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What is a chacteristic of Rheumatoid Arthritis? - Ans--Tender, warm, swollen joints
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Medications that can cause ototoxicity? - Ans--
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Aminoglycosides, loop diuretics, NSAIDs, antihistamines, nasal decongestants
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What is the treatment time for enterobiasis? - Ans--2 weeks
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What does MCV lab value measure? - Ans--
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Mean Corpuscular Volume helps diagnose different types of anemia such as B12 &
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Folate (Macrocytic) and Fe anemia (Microcytic)
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Rhogam is given at how many week gestation? - Ans--27-28 weeks
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What are Janeway lesions and what do they indicate? - Ans--
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They are irregular, non-
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tender hemorrhagic macules located on the hands and feet. Seen in Infective Endoc
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arditis

What are Osler's Nodes and what do they indicate? - Ans--They are split pea-
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sized, erythematous, tender nodules located on the pads of the fingers and toes. Se
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en in Infective Endocarditis
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What is the recommendation for Warfarin management when a patient misses a dos
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e? - Ans--
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If within 12 hours of the dose time, take it. If over 12 hours patient will need a INR
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redraw

What do we need to know about ACEs and ARBs? - Ans--
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A dry hacking cough is a common side effect of ACEs and will go away within a we
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,ek after discontinuing. ACEs & ARBs are indicated for patients with DM, CKD, and
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HTN. Not recommended as 1st line agent with African Americans & can cause angi
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oedema.

Contraindications for Hydrochlorothiazide - Ans-- A2 A2 A2 A2



Sulfa allergy, PCN hypersensitivity, Asthma, Gout
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Systolic Murmurs (Benign) - Ans--MR = Mitral Regurge (SOB/Fatigue HF)
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Peyton Manning = Physiologic Murmur (Asymptomatic)
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AS = Aortic Stenosis (Angina, Syncope HF)
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MVP = Mitral Valve Prolapse ("Click", Women 14-30, Palpitations, Chest Pain
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Diastolic Murmurs (Abnormal) - Ans--
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AR = Aortic Regurgitation (Angina, HF, Dizziness, Chest Pain)
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MS = Mitral Stenosis (Dyspnea, AFib)
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What does S1 indicate? - Ans--
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S1 Closure of the Atrioventricular Valves (Mitral & Tricuspid Valves)
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What does S2 indicate? - Ans--
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S2 Closure of the Semilunar Valves (Aortic & Pulmonic Valves)
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S3 is often heard in? - Ans--CHF, possibly normal for athletic adolescents
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S4 is often heard in? - Ans--
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Diastolic HF, Left Ventricular Hypertrophy (LVH), Poorly controlled HTN, MI
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Treatment of Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) - Ans--
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Antiplatelets (Plavix, ASA), Pentoxifylline (Decreases blood viscosity)
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Diagnosing Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) - Ans--Gold Standard = Angiography
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Ankle Brachial Index (ABI)
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Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) treatment - Ans--Aotrvastatin/
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Rosuvastatin = If LDL>150 use high doses. Watch for LFTs & arthralgia. Change ty
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pe & dose if issues. Helps stabilize plaques.
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What medications are indicated for HF treatment? - Ans--ACEs, ARBs, ARNI w/
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BBs, Aldosterone Recepter Antagonists
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What is the treatment for Sarcopter Scabiei (Scabies)? - Ans--
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Topical Permetherin massaged from head to soles of feet and wash off with shower
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or bath after 8-14hrs. Treat again in 1 week.
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Names of skin lesions? - Ans--Macule: Flat <1cm i.e. freckle
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Papule: Raised <1cm i.e. acne
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, Nodule: Raised >1cm i.e. lipomaA2 A2 A2 A2



Vesicle: Blister <1cm i.e. HSV, Chickenpox
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Bulla: Blister >1cm i.e. 2nd Degree Burn, Bullous Pemphigod
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Plaque: Raised, flat-top >1cm i.e. Psoriasis & Seborrheic Keratoses
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Patch: Flat, discolored >1cm i.e. Vitiligo & Port-Wine Stains
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Wheal: Raised & Red Area i.e. Hives & Insect Bite reaction
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Keloid - Ans--Hyperthrophic scar that is invasive beyond point of original injury
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What is Tinea Capitis and What is the treatment? - Ans--Scalp Ring-
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Worm. Round, scaly patches on scalp (Cradle Cap). Treatment is Grisefulvin 500mg
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with high fat meals for 4-6weeks
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What is Tinea Corporis and What is the treatment? - Ans--Body Ring-
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Worm. Red, scaly plaques on the body or trunk in a ring-like/
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circular pattern. Topical Azoles (I.E. Clotrimazole) for 2 weeks.
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How do you assess Melanoma? - Ans--
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ABCDE (Asymmetry, Border, Color, Diameter >6mm, and Evolution/Elevation
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Signs & Symptoms of Psoriasis? - Ans--Silvery-
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White Scales, Pitted Nails, Positive Auspitz Sign (Pinpoint bleeding when lesions/
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scales are scraped) A2 A2




Facts about Shingles (Herpes Zoster) - Ans---
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Unilateral Dermatomal Rash which starts as a painful red rash (patch) and progress
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es to blisters (vesicles).
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Post herpetic neuralgia pain is common and can last longer than 1 month after ras
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h resolves.
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- May transmit chickenpox virus to unvaccinated & susceptible patients.
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Treatment consists of Acyclovir, Valacyclovir, or Famciclovir and most effective if st
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arted within 48-72hrs of rash appearance.
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Facts about Contact Dermatitis (Eczema) - Ans---
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Papules or Vesicles typically 5mm or less which are red, raised bumps
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Skin becomes dry, scaly, and rough leading to formation of crusts or flakes on skin
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surface
- If scratched or irritated, the skin may ooze
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Treatment consists of Corticosteroids, Antihistamines, Calcineurin Inhibitors (Tacroli
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mus)

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