EPID 309 Exam 1 Study Guide
Rate - answer A ratio that consists of a numerator and denominator
in which time forms part of the denominator. Example: The
crude death rate refers to the number of deaths in a given year
(during the midpoint of the year) divided by the size of the
reference population (expressed as rate per 100,000).
ratio - answer Number obtained by dividing one quantity by
another. A fraction (in its most general form) in which there
is not necessarily any specified relationship between the
numerator and denominator.
percent - answerA proportion that has been multiplied by 100.
proportion - answeraction in which the numerator is a part of the
denominator.
Incidence Rate - answerRisk of Disease
# new cases/ ppn @ risk
per 100000
-Risk
-Developing
-Incidence
-New cases
Prevalence Rate - answerburden of disease
# cases of disease/ ppn @ risk
per 100000
-Burden
-Existing cases
-prevalence
Crude rate - answeris a type of rate that has not been
modified to take into account any of the factors, such as the
demographic makeup of the population, that may affect the
observed rate.
adjusted rate - answeris a rate of morbidity or mortality in
a population in which statistical procedures have been
applied to permit fair comparisons across populations
by removing the effect of differences in the composition
of various populations.
, Categorical Variable - answerA variable that has a fixed number of categories (or
responses)
Continuous Variable - answerA variable that could have an infinite number of values
along a continuum.
•How tall are you?
•What is your current weight?
•What is your blood sugar level?
Specific rates type - answercause-specific, age-specific,
and sex-specific rates,
Specific rate: age-specific - answerpopulation measure of death
# of cases or deaths among 18-25/ persons 18-25
per 100,000
Specific rate: Cause-specific - answerMortality (or frequency of a given disease)/
Population size at midpoint of time period
per 100000
Specific rate:: sex-specific rates - answerNumber of deaths in a sex group/
Total number of persons in the sex group
per 100,000
CFR (% - answerDisease lethality and proportion of diseased who die
# of deaths due to disease/ # of new cases *100
good index of the severity of a short-term, acute disease:
Crude mortality Rate - answerpopulation measure of disease.
# of deaths in a population/ ppn @ risk
per 100000
disease specific mortality rate - answerpopulation measure of deaths due to specific
disease
# of deaths due to disease/ ppn at risk
per 100000
Proportional Mortality ratio (%) - answerproportion of deaths due to disease.
# of deaths due to disease/ # of deaths in population *100
Primary Prevention - answerprevention of disease before it occurs.
Secondary prevention - answeraims to reduce the impact of a disease or injury that has
already occurred.
Rate - answer A ratio that consists of a numerator and denominator
in which time forms part of the denominator. Example: The
crude death rate refers to the number of deaths in a given year
(during the midpoint of the year) divided by the size of the
reference population (expressed as rate per 100,000).
ratio - answer Number obtained by dividing one quantity by
another. A fraction (in its most general form) in which there
is not necessarily any specified relationship between the
numerator and denominator.
percent - answerA proportion that has been multiplied by 100.
proportion - answeraction in which the numerator is a part of the
denominator.
Incidence Rate - answerRisk of Disease
# new cases/ ppn @ risk
per 100000
-Risk
-Developing
-Incidence
-New cases
Prevalence Rate - answerburden of disease
# cases of disease/ ppn @ risk
per 100000
-Burden
-Existing cases
-prevalence
Crude rate - answeris a type of rate that has not been
modified to take into account any of the factors, such as the
demographic makeup of the population, that may affect the
observed rate.
adjusted rate - answeris a rate of morbidity or mortality in
a population in which statistical procedures have been
applied to permit fair comparisons across populations
by removing the effect of differences in the composition
of various populations.
, Categorical Variable - answerA variable that has a fixed number of categories (or
responses)
Continuous Variable - answerA variable that could have an infinite number of values
along a continuum.
•How tall are you?
•What is your current weight?
•What is your blood sugar level?
Specific rates type - answercause-specific, age-specific,
and sex-specific rates,
Specific rate: age-specific - answerpopulation measure of death
# of cases or deaths among 18-25/ persons 18-25
per 100,000
Specific rate: Cause-specific - answerMortality (or frequency of a given disease)/
Population size at midpoint of time period
per 100000
Specific rate:: sex-specific rates - answerNumber of deaths in a sex group/
Total number of persons in the sex group
per 100,000
CFR (% - answerDisease lethality and proportion of diseased who die
# of deaths due to disease/ # of new cases *100
good index of the severity of a short-term, acute disease:
Crude mortality Rate - answerpopulation measure of disease.
# of deaths in a population/ ppn @ risk
per 100000
disease specific mortality rate - answerpopulation measure of deaths due to specific
disease
# of deaths due to disease/ ppn at risk
per 100000
Proportional Mortality ratio (%) - answerproportion of deaths due to disease.
# of deaths due to disease/ # of deaths in population *100
Primary Prevention - answerprevention of disease before it occurs.
Secondary prevention - answeraims to reduce the impact of a disease or injury that has
already occurred.
