EPID 309 Final Exam
The overriding question that epidemiologists ask is whether a particular exposure is
causally associated with a given outcome. - answer True
Tertiary prevention is directed toward the later stages of pathogenesis and involves
programs for restoring the patient's optimal functioning. - answer True
Which of the following disease outbreaks occurred between 1346 and 1352 and claimed
up to 1/3 of the population of Europe. - answer The Black Death
A vaccine that provided immunity to smallpox was created by ___ in ___. - answer
Edward Jenner, late 1700s
Stanley Studiesalot was born in 1995 and is still alive. Which of these events occurred
during his life time? (There may be more than one correct answer. You need to select
all of them for credit.) - answerHPV vaccination became available
West Nile virus introduced into the USA
Dr. Melanoma was born in 1971 and is still alive. Which of these events occurred during
her life time? (There may be more than one correct answer. You need to select all of
them for credit.) - answerSmallpox eradication
Discovery of HIV
Grandpa Aedes was born in 1908 and died in 1995. Which of these events occurred
during his life time? (There may be more than one correct answer. You need to select
all of them for credit.) - answerSmallpox eradication
Development of antibiotics
Spanish Flu Pandemic
Contact with a disease-causing factor or the amount of the factor that affects a group of
individuals is referred to as exposure. - answerTrue
About how long was it between the discovery of penicillin and the widespread use of it?
- answer15 years
The English anesthesiologist who linked cholera outbreaks to contaminated water and
innovated several of the key epidemiological methods that remain valid and in use today
was: - answerJohn Snow
, Robert Koch (1843-1910) is famous for his work in support of the germ theory by
isolating the causative agents for both anthrax and tuberculosis. Which of the following
is NOT one of Koch's postulates? - answerThe association between the organism and
the disease must be consistently observed across populations, places, circumstances
and times.
A ____ enables a reader to detect trends in the data, often time trends. - answerline
graph
A type of graph that is used to display the frequency distribution for grouped categories
of a continuous variable is a ___. - answerhistogram
In 1980, the case fatality rate was about 5 per 1 million persons. - answerFalse
In 1930, no one died from RMSF. - answerFalse
An example of a categorical variable is eye color - answerTrue
Continuous data can be converted to categorical data, and vice versa. - answerFalse
Examples of continuous variables are height and weight. - answerTrue
An epidemiologist is asked to review Tucson's plans for developing and upgrading bike
lanes and paths. - answerHe agrees. To prepare, he gets data from bicycle accidents in
Tucson to map them over the city and then evaluates the literature on bike lanes and
safety.
The decrease in the case fatality rate in the 1950s was probably due to decreased
population at the end of World War -II (ended in 1945). - answerFalse
A ___ is a type of graph that shows the frequency of cases for categories of a
categorical (discrete) variable. - answerBar graph
Histograms are useful for portraying categorical data. - answerFalse
An epidemiologist is asked to comment on the association between microcephaly and
Zika. - answerShe evaluates the data presented in the literature and discusses what
studies are showing about how Zika and microcephaly may be causality associated.
A classic ethical dilemma in biomedical research is the: - answerUS Public Health
Service Syphilis Study, Tuskegee AL
A vaccine that provided immunity to smallpox was created by ___ in ___. -
answerEdward Jenner, late 1700s
The overriding question that epidemiologists ask is whether a particular exposure is
causally associated with a given outcome. - answer True
Tertiary prevention is directed toward the later stages of pathogenesis and involves
programs for restoring the patient's optimal functioning. - answer True
Which of the following disease outbreaks occurred between 1346 and 1352 and claimed
up to 1/3 of the population of Europe. - answer The Black Death
A vaccine that provided immunity to smallpox was created by ___ in ___. - answer
Edward Jenner, late 1700s
Stanley Studiesalot was born in 1995 and is still alive. Which of these events occurred
during his life time? (There may be more than one correct answer. You need to select
all of them for credit.) - answerHPV vaccination became available
West Nile virus introduced into the USA
Dr. Melanoma was born in 1971 and is still alive. Which of these events occurred during
her life time? (There may be more than one correct answer. You need to select all of
them for credit.) - answerSmallpox eradication
Discovery of HIV
Grandpa Aedes was born in 1908 and died in 1995. Which of these events occurred
during his life time? (There may be more than one correct answer. You need to select
all of them for credit.) - answerSmallpox eradication
Development of antibiotics
Spanish Flu Pandemic
Contact with a disease-causing factor or the amount of the factor that affects a group of
individuals is referred to as exposure. - answerTrue
About how long was it between the discovery of penicillin and the widespread use of it?
- answer15 years
The English anesthesiologist who linked cholera outbreaks to contaminated water and
innovated several of the key epidemiological methods that remain valid and in use today
was: - answerJohn Snow
, Robert Koch (1843-1910) is famous for his work in support of the germ theory by
isolating the causative agents for both anthrax and tuberculosis. Which of the following
is NOT one of Koch's postulates? - answerThe association between the organism and
the disease must be consistently observed across populations, places, circumstances
and times.
A ____ enables a reader to detect trends in the data, often time trends. - answerline
graph
A type of graph that is used to display the frequency distribution for grouped categories
of a continuous variable is a ___. - answerhistogram
In 1980, the case fatality rate was about 5 per 1 million persons. - answerFalse
In 1930, no one died from RMSF. - answerFalse
An example of a categorical variable is eye color - answerTrue
Continuous data can be converted to categorical data, and vice versa. - answerFalse
Examples of continuous variables are height and weight. - answerTrue
An epidemiologist is asked to review Tucson's plans for developing and upgrading bike
lanes and paths. - answerHe agrees. To prepare, he gets data from bicycle accidents in
Tucson to map them over the city and then evaluates the literature on bike lanes and
safety.
The decrease in the case fatality rate in the 1950s was probably due to decreased
population at the end of World War -II (ended in 1945). - answerFalse
A ___ is a type of graph that shows the frequency of cases for categories of a
categorical (discrete) variable. - answerBar graph
Histograms are useful for portraying categorical data. - answerFalse
An epidemiologist is asked to comment on the association between microcephaly and
Zika. - answerShe evaluates the data presented in the literature and discusses what
studies are showing about how Zika and microcephaly may be causality associated.
A classic ethical dilemma in biomedical research is the: - answerUS Public Health
Service Syphilis Study, Tuskegee AL
A vaccine that provided immunity to smallpox was created by ___ in ___. -
answerEdward Jenner, late 1700s
