EPID 309 Midterm Exam
The overriding question that epidemiologists ask is whether a particular exposure is
causally associated with a given outcome
T or F - answerTrue
Tertiary prevention is directed toward the later stages of pathogenesis and involves
programs for restoring the patient's optimal functioning.
T or F - answerTrue
Grandpa Aedes was born in 1908 and died in 1995. Which of these events occurred
during his life time? (There may be more than one correct answer. You need to select
all of them for credit.)
Smallpox eradication
Spanish Flu Pandemic
Development of antibiotics
Polio eradication - answerSmall pox eradication
Spanish Flu Pandemic
Development of Antibotics
Dr. Melanoma was born in 1971 and is still alive. Which of these events occurred during
her life time? (There may be more than one correct answer. You need to select all of
them for credit.)
Smallpox eradication
Discovery of HIV
Black Death
Spanish Flu Pandemic - answerSmall pox eradication
Discovery of HIV
Stanley Studiesalot was born in 1995 and is still alive. Which of these events occurred
during his life time? (There may be more than one correct answer. You need to select
all of them for credit.)
HPV Vaccination became available
Smallpox eradication
West Nile virus introduced into the USA
Germ theory established - answerHPV Vaccination
West Nile Virus introduced into the USA
Which of the following disease outbreaks occurred between 1346 and 1352 and claimed
up to 1/3 of the population of Europe.
The Great Cholera Epidemic
The SARS Epidemic
The Black Death
,The Spanish Flu - answerThe Black Death
A vaccine that provided immunity to smallpox was created by ___ in ___.
Edward Jenner, late 1700s
Sir Percival Pott, late 1700s
Ramazzini, late 1600s
John Snow, mid 1850s - answerEdward Jenner, late 1700s
Primary prevention involves the prevention of disease before it occurs.
T or F - answerTrue
Contact with a disease-causing factor or the amount of the factor that affects a group of
individuals is referred to as exposure.
T or F - answerTrue
Robert Koch (1843-1910) is famous for his work in support of the germ theory by
isolating the causative agents for both anthrax and tuberculosis. Which of the following
is NOT one of Koch's postulates?
The pure culture must, when inoculated into a susceptible animal, reproduce the
disease.
The organism must be observed in every case of the disease
The association between the organism and the disease must be consistently observed
across populations, places, circumstances and times.
The organism must be able to be isolated and grown in pure culture.
The organism must be able to be observed in, and recovered from the experimental
animal. - answerThe association between the organism and the disease must be
consistently observed across populations, places, circumstances and times.
Studying the history of epidemiology is important because,
-history is part of a liberal arts education
-none of the above. The past is the past, we can learn nothing from looking back.
-it is how we match dates and people to diseases that used to cause harm.
-it highlights the recent but profound impact of germ theory, while reminding us of what
we have to learn about disease etiology. - answerIt highlights the recent but profound
impact of germ theory, while reminding us of what we have to learn about disease
etiology.
Continuous data can be converted to categorical data, and vice versa.
T or F - answerFalse
An example of a categorical variable is eye color
T or F - answerTrue
Histograms are useful for portraying categorical data.
T or F - answerFalse
, An epidemiologist is asked to comment on the association between microcephaly and
Zika.
-He replies no comment. Epidemiology is science and scientists don't know how to talk
to the media.
-She uses her experience as a mother and talks about the worst case of microcephaly
she's heard about. That way she has the exception that proves the rule and she can
sway the public to her view.
-She evaluates the data presented in the literature and discusses what studies are
showing about how Zika and microcephaly may be causality associated.
-He comments that there isn't a lot known and tells the reporter to have people call in
with their stories so he can use the data for a new study. - answerShe evaluates the
data presented in the literature and discusses what studies are showing about how Zika
and microcephaly may be causality associated.
A ___ is a type of graph that shows the frequency of cases for categories of a
categorical (discrete) variable.
-dose response curve
-histogram
-bar graph
-pie chart - answerbar graph
A type of graph that is used to display the frequency distribution for grouped categories
of a continuous variable is a ___.
bar graph
histogram
pie chart
line graph - answerhistogram
The incidence rate of a disease is eight times greater in women than in men, but the
prevalence rates show no sex differences. The best explanation is that:
The case-fatality rate for this disease is greater for women
The duration of this disease is shorter in men
Risk factors for developing the disease are more common in women
The crude all-cause mortality rate is greater in women - answerThe duration of this
disease is shorter in men
the occurrence in a community or region of cases of an illness, specific health behavior,
or other health related events clearly at the level of normal expectancy is known as a(n):
Prevalence
Pandemic
None of the above
Epidemic - answerNone of the above
About how long was it between the discovery of penicillin and the widespread use of it?
A)
3 years
The overriding question that epidemiologists ask is whether a particular exposure is
causally associated with a given outcome
T or F - answerTrue
Tertiary prevention is directed toward the later stages of pathogenesis and involves
programs for restoring the patient's optimal functioning.
T or F - answerTrue
Grandpa Aedes was born in 1908 and died in 1995. Which of these events occurred
during his life time? (There may be more than one correct answer. You need to select
all of them for credit.)
Smallpox eradication
Spanish Flu Pandemic
Development of antibiotics
Polio eradication - answerSmall pox eradication
Spanish Flu Pandemic
Development of Antibotics
Dr. Melanoma was born in 1971 and is still alive. Which of these events occurred during
her life time? (There may be more than one correct answer. You need to select all of
them for credit.)
Smallpox eradication
Discovery of HIV
Black Death
Spanish Flu Pandemic - answerSmall pox eradication
Discovery of HIV
Stanley Studiesalot was born in 1995 and is still alive. Which of these events occurred
during his life time? (There may be more than one correct answer. You need to select
all of them for credit.)
HPV Vaccination became available
Smallpox eradication
West Nile virus introduced into the USA
Germ theory established - answerHPV Vaccination
West Nile Virus introduced into the USA
Which of the following disease outbreaks occurred between 1346 and 1352 and claimed
up to 1/3 of the population of Europe.
The Great Cholera Epidemic
The SARS Epidemic
The Black Death
,The Spanish Flu - answerThe Black Death
A vaccine that provided immunity to smallpox was created by ___ in ___.
Edward Jenner, late 1700s
Sir Percival Pott, late 1700s
Ramazzini, late 1600s
John Snow, mid 1850s - answerEdward Jenner, late 1700s
Primary prevention involves the prevention of disease before it occurs.
T or F - answerTrue
Contact with a disease-causing factor or the amount of the factor that affects a group of
individuals is referred to as exposure.
T or F - answerTrue
Robert Koch (1843-1910) is famous for his work in support of the germ theory by
isolating the causative agents for both anthrax and tuberculosis. Which of the following
is NOT one of Koch's postulates?
The pure culture must, when inoculated into a susceptible animal, reproduce the
disease.
The organism must be observed in every case of the disease
The association between the organism and the disease must be consistently observed
across populations, places, circumstances and times.
The organism must be able to be isolated and grown in pure culture.
The organism must be able to be observed in, and recovered from the experimental
animal. - answerThe association between the organism and the disease must be
consistently observed across populations, places, circumstances and times.
Studying the history of epidemiology is important because,
-history is part of a liberal arts education
-none of the above. The past is the past, we can learn nothing from looking back.
-it is how we match dates and people to diseases that used to cause harm.
-it highlights the recent but profound impact of germ theory, while reminding us of what
we have to learn about disease etiology. - answerIt highlights the recent but profound
impact of germ theory, while reminding us of what we have to learn about disease
etiology.
Continuous data can be converted to categorical data, and vice versa.
T or F - answerFalse
An example of a categorical variable is eye color
T or F - answerTrue
Histograms are useful for portraying categorical data.
T or F - answerFalse
, An epidemiologist is asked to comment on the association between microcephaly and
Zika.
-He replies no comment. Epidemiology is science and scientists don't know how to talk
to the media.
-She uses her experience as a mother and talks about the worst case of microcephaly
she's heard about. That way she has the exception that proves the rule and she can
sway the public to her view.
-She evaluates the data presented in the literature and discusses what studies are
showing about how Zika and microcephaly may be causality associated.
-He comments that there isn't a lot known and tells the reporter to have people call in
with their stories so he can use the data for a new study. - answerShe evaluates the
data presented in the literature and discusses what studies are showing about how Zika
and microcephaly may be causality associated.
A ___ is a type of graph that shows the frequency of cases for categories of a
categorical (discrete) variable.
-dose response curve
-histogram
-bar graph
-pie chart - answerbar graph
A type of graph that is used to display the frequency distribution for grouped categories
of a continuous variable is a ___.
bar graph
histogram
pie chart
line graph - answerhistogram
The incidence rate of a disease is eight times greater in women than in men, but the
prevalence rates show no sex differences. The best explanation is that:
The case-fatality rate for this disease is greater for women
The duration of this disease is shorter in men
Risk factors for developing the disease are more common in women
The crude all-cause mortality rate is greater in women - answerThe duration of this
disease is shorter in men
the occurrence in a community or region of cases of an illness, specific health behavior,
or other health related events clearly at the level of normal expectancy is known as a(n):
Prevalence
Pandemic
None of the above
Epidemic - answerNone of the above
About how long was it between the discovery of penicillin and the widespread use of it?
A)
3 years
