ANSWERS GRADED A+
✔✔Relative frequency - ✔✔The fraction or proportion of the total number of
observations that fall in a class
✔✔Relative frequency distribution - ✔✔A table that shows the relative frequency for
each class
✔✔Percent frequency - ✔✔The relative frequency for a class multiplied by 100
✔✔Percent frequency distribution - ✔✔A table that shows the percent frequency for
each class
✔✔Bar chart - ✔✔A graph for categorical data with separate bars whose heights show
frequency relative frequency or percent frequency
✔✔Pie chart - ✔✔A circular graph where each slice represents the relative or percent
frequency of a category
✔✔Frequency distribution for quantitative data - ✔✔A table that shows the number of
observations in each numeric class interval
✔✔Class width - ✔✔The difference between the lower limits of two consecutive classes
in a frequency distribution
✔✔Class limits - ✔✔The smallest and largest data values that can belong to a class
✔✔Class midpoint - ✔✔The value halfway between the lower and upper class limits of a
class
✔✔Open end class - ✔✔A class that has only a lower limit or only an upper limit
✔✔Dot plot - ✔✔A simple graph where each data value is shown as a dot above a
number line
✔✔Histogram - ✔✔A graph for quantitative data with adjacent rectangles whose areas
represent frequency or relative frequency
✔✔Cumulative frequency distribution - ✔✔A table that shows the number of
observations less than or equal to each upper class limit
✔✔Cumulative relative frequency distribution - ✔✔A table that shows the proportion of
observations less than or equal to each upper class limit
, ✔✔Cumulative percent frequency distribution - ✔✔A table that shows the percentage of
observations less than or equal to each upper class limit
✔✔Stem and leaf display - ✔✔A display that shows both the rank order and shape of a
distribution by splitting values into stems and leaves
✔✔Crosstabulation - ✔✔A table that summarizes data for two variables at the same
time
✔✔Row percentage - ✔✔The percentage of row total represented by a cell in a
crosstabulation
✔✔Column percentage - ✔✔The percentage of column total represented by a cell in a
crosstabulation
✔✔Simpsons paradox - ✔✔A situation where conclusions from aggregated data differ
from conclusions based on the separate groups
✔✔Scatter diagram - ✔✔A plot of paired data for two quantitative variables showing
their joint pattern
✔✔Trendline - ✔✔A line drawn on a scatter diagram that approximates the relationship
between two variables
✔✔Side by side bar chart - ✔✔A graph where clusters of bars represent one variable
and bars within clusters represent categories of a second variable
✔✔Stacked bar chart - ✔✔A bar chart in which each bar is divided into segments to
show the composition of categories
✔✔Data visualization - ✔✔The use of graphical displays to summarize and present
information about data
✔✔Data dashboard - ✔✔A visual display that organizes key performance indicators and
other summary measures on one screen
✔✔Key performance indicator - ✔✔A measurable value that indicates how well an
organization or process is achieving key objectives
✔✔Numerical measure - ✔✔A number that summarizes some aspect of a data set such
as location or variability