CFRN LATEST 2026 TEST PAPER QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS RATED A+
✔✔Rapid sequence intubation (RSI) is a critical skill used by the RN. Which of the
following is a TRUE statement regarding RSI?
A. The indications are markedly different than those for endotracheal intubation.
B. Use of the Sellick maneuver helps to reduce the risk of aspiration.
C. It is indicated if you are unable to ventilate the patient adequately.
D. RSI makes no assumptions about the timing of the patient's last meal. - ✔✔B. Use of
the Sellick maneuver helps to reduce the risk of aspiration.
✔✔When selecting a sedative/induction agent to use during RSI, sodium thiopental and
methohexital are ultra-short-acting barbiturates. Their short duration of action makes
them attractive to use; however, they do have potential complications and may not
always be the ideal agent to use. Which of the following statements best reflects the
concern about using these particular agents?
A. They are expensive.
B. They must be stored in a controlled environment.
C. They may cause a significant interaction with other ALS drugs.
D. They have a propensity to precipitate myocardial depression and hypotension. -
✔✔D. They have a propensity to precipitate myocardial depression and hypotension
✔✔Which of the following is an example of a depolarizing neuromuscular blocking
agent?
A. Vecuronium (Norcuron)
B. Rocuronium (Zemuron)
C. Succinylcholine (Anectine)
D. Atracurium (Tricium) - ✔✔C. Succinylcholine (Anectine)
✔✔Normal heart sounds are designated as:
A. S1, S2, and S3
B. S1 and S2
C. S3 and S4
D. S1, S2, S3, and S4 - ✔✔B. S1 and S2
✔✔The pulmonary vein moves:
,A. Oxygen-deficient blood from the heart to the lungs
B. Oxygen-deficient blood from the lungs to the heart
C. Oxygen-rich blood from the heart to the lungs
D. Oxygen-rich blood from the lungs to the heart - ✔✔D. Oxygen-rich blood from the
lungs to the heart
✔✔Distension of the external jugular veins is indicative of:
A. Right-sided heart failure
B. Left-sided heart failure
C. Hypotension
D. Myocardial infarction - ✔✔A. Right-sided heart failure
✔✔Chemoreceptors respond to changes in which of the following indicators in blood?
A. pH, glucose, and PCO2
B. Glucose, PO2, and PCO2
C. pH, PCO2, and HCO3
D. pH, PCO2, and PO2 - ✔✔D. pH, PCO2, and PO2
✔✔Cardiac output (CO) equals:
A. Stroke volume x heart rate
B. Stroke volume ÷ systemic resistance
C. Heart rate - mean arterial pressure
D. Heart rate ÷ stroke - ✔✔A. Stroke volume x heart rate
✔✔On a 12-lead ECG, the augmented leads are:
A. I, II, and III
B. V1 to V6
C. aVR, aVL, and aVF
D. RA, LA, LL, and RL - ✔✔C. aVR, aVL, and aVF
✔✔When evaluating a chest pain patient's 12-lead ECG, you note that lead aVR is
positively deflected. This is indicative of:
A. Posterior wall MI
B. Lead misplacement
,C. The patient in the left lateral recumbent position
D. Septal wall MI - ✔✔B. Lead misplacement
✔✔Extreme right axis deviation (RAD) can be seen in:
A. SA node failure
B. Ventricular tachycardia (VT)
C. Septal wall MI
D. A left bundle branch block - ✔✔B. Ventricular tachycardia (VT)
✔✔A left axis deviation is normally seen:
A. In children
B. In pregnant women
C. Due to dextrocardia
D. Due to hypokalemia - ✔✔B. In pregnant women
✔✔Your patient is short of breath and complaining of chest pain. He is seated in a
tripod position, which he says improves his condition. When analyzing his 12-lead ECG,
you note that all complexes are low-voltage, with ST segment elevation and T-wave
inversion in all leads. You suspect:
A. Improper lead placement
B. A global MI
C. Pericarditis
D. WPW syndrome - ✔✔C. Pericarditis
✔✔Shock, sepsis, and multi-organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) share which of the
following common denominators?
A. Dilation of great vessels
B. Inability of oxygen supply to meet demand
C. Cellular function
D. A carbon dioxide deficit - ✔✔C. Cellular function
✔✔Glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and the electron transport chain are the three
essential components of which of the following processes?
A. Oxidative respiration
B. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) breakdown
, C. Semi-permeable membrane respiration
D. Cellular respiration - ✔✔D. Cellular respiration
✔✔The primary energy-carrying molecule in the body is:
A. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
B. Adenosine diphoshate (ADP)
C. Creatinine kinase (CK)
D. Pyruvic acid (PA) - ✔✔A. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
✔✔The three components of cellular respiration can work together in either a (an):
A. Acid or alkali environment
B. Aerobic or an anaerobic environment
C. Lactic or lactulose environment
D. Open or closed environment - ✔✔B. Aerobic or an anaerobic environment
✔✔_______ is maintained when the supply of oxygen is sufficient to meet the cellular
demands of the body.
A. pH balance
B. Homeostasis
C. Hemostasis
D. Lactic acid - ✔✔B. Homeostasis
✔✔A rightward shift in the oxy-hemoglobin dissociation curve causes _______ for
oxygen by hemoglobin.
A. Decreased affinity
B. Increased affinity
C. Unchanged affinity
D. Decreased unloading ability - ✔✔A. Decreased affinity
✔✔A leftward shift in the oxy-hemoglobin dissociation curve causes _______ for
oxygen by hemoglobin.
A. Decreased affinity
B. Increased unloading ability
C. Increased affinity
D. Unchanged affinity - ✔✔C. Increased affinity
SOLUTIONS RATED A+
✔✔Rapid sequence intubation (RSI) is a critical skill used by the RN. Which of the
following is a TRUE statement regarding RSI?
A. The indications are markedly different than those for endotracheal intubation.
B. Use of the Sellick maneuver helps to reduce the risk of aspiration.
C. It is indicated if you are unable to ventilate the patient adequately.
D. RSI makes no assumptions about the timing of the patient's last meal. - ✔✔B. Use of
the Sellick maneuver helps to reduce the risk of aspiration.
✔✔When selecting a sedative/induction agent to use during RSI, sodium thiopental and
methohexital are ultra-short-acting barbiturates. Their short duration of action makes
them attractive to use; however, they do have potential complications and may not
always be the ideal agent to use. Which of the following statements best reflects the
concern about using these particular agents?
A. They are expensive.
B. They must be stored in a controlled environment.
C. They may cause a significant interaction with other ALS drugs.
D. They have a propensity to precipitate myocardial depression and hypotension. -
✔✔D. They have a propensity to precipitate myocardial depression and hypotension
✔✔Which of the following is an example of a depolarizing neuromuscular blocking
agent?
A. Vecuronium (Norcuron)
B. Rocuronium (Zemuron)
C. Succinylcholine (Anectine)
D. Atracurium (Tricium) - ✔✔C. Succinylcholine (Anectine)
✔✔Normal heart sounds are designated as:
A. S1, S2, and S3
B. S1 and S2
C. S3 and S4
D. S1, S2, S3, and S4 - ✔✔B. S1 and S2
✔✔The pulmonary vein moves:
,A. Oxygen-deficient blood from the heart to the lungs
B. Oxygen-deficient blood from the lungs to the heart
C. Oxygen-rich blood from the heart to the lungs
D. Oxygen-rich blood from the lungs to the heart - ✔✔D. Oxygen-rich blood from the
lungs to the heart
✔✔Distension of the external jugular veins is indicative of:
A. Right-sided heart failure
B. Left-sided heart failure
C. Hypotension
D. Myocardial infarction - ✔✔A. Right-sided heart failure
✔✔Chemoreceptors respond to changes in which of the following indicators in blood?
A. pH, glucose, and PCO2
B. Glucose, PO2, and PCO2
C. pH, PCO2, and HCO3
D. pH, PCO2, and PO2 - ✔✔D. pH, PCO2, and PO2
✔✔Cardiac output (CO) equals:
A. Stroke volume x heart rate
B. Stroke volume ÷ systemic resistance
C. Heart rate - mean arterial pressure
D. Heart rate ÷ stroke - ✔✔A. Stroke volume x heart rate
✔✔On a 12-lead ECG, the augmented leads are:
A. I, II, and III
B. V1 to V6
C. aVR, aVL, and aVF
D. RA, LA, LL, and RL - ✔✔C. aVR, aVL, and aVF
✔✔When evaluating a chest pain patient's 12-lead ECG, you note that lead aVR is
positively deflected. This is indicative of:
A. Posterior wall MI
B. Lead misplacement
,C. The patient in the left lateral recumbent position
D. Septal wall MI - ✔✔B. Lead misplacement
✔✔Extreme right axis deviation (RAD) can be seen in:
A. SA node failure
B. Ventricular tachycardia (VT)
C. Septal wall MI
D. A left bundle branch block - ✔✔B. Ventricular tachycardia (VT)
✔✔A left axis deviation is normally seen:
A. In children
B. In pregnant women
C. Due to dextrocardia
D. Due to hypokalemia - ✔✔B. In pregnant women
✔✔Your patient is short of breath and complaining of chest pain. He is seated in a
tripod position, which he says improves his condition. When analyzing his 12-lead ECG,
you note that all complexes are low-voltage, with ST segment elevation and T-wave
inversion in all leads. You suspect:
A. Improper lead placement
B. A global MI
C. Pericarditis
D. WPW syndrome - ✔✔C. Pericarditis
✔✔Shock, sepsis, and multi-organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) share which of the
following common denominators?
A. Dilation of great vessels
B. Inability of oxygen supply to meet demand
C. Cellular function
D. A carbon dioxide deficit - ✔✔C. Cellular function
✔✔Glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and the electron transport chain are the three
essential components of which of the following processes?
A. Oxidative respiration
B. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) breakdown
, C. Semi-permeable membrane respiration
D. Cellular respiration - ✔✔D. Cellular respiration
✔✔The primary energy-carrying molecule in the body is:
A. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
B. Adenosine diphoshate (ADP)
C. Creatinine kinase (CK)
D. Pyruvic acid (PA) - ✔✔A. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
✔✔The three components of cellular respiration can work together in either a (an):
A. Acid or alkali environment
B. Aerobic or an anaerobic environment
C. Lactic or lactulose environment
D. Open or closed environment - ✔✔B. Aerobic or an anaerobic environment
✔✔_______ is maintained when the supply of oxygen is sufficient to meet the cellular
demands of the body.
A. pH balance
B. Homeostasis
C. Hemostasis
D. Lactic acid - ✔✔B. Homeostasis
✔✔A rightward shift in the oxy-hemoglobin dissociation curve causes _______ for
oxygen by hemoglobin.
A. Decreased affinity
B. Increased affinity
C. Unchanged affinity
D. Decreased unloading ability - ✔✔A. Decreased affinity
✔✔A leftward shift in the oxy-hemoglobin dissociation curve causes _______ for
oxygen by hemoglobin.
A. Decreased affinity
B. Increased unloading ability
C. Increased affinity
D. Unchanged affinity - ✔✔C. Increased affinity
