BMS 300 EXAM 4 PRACTICE QUESTIONS WITH
VERIFIED ACCURATE ANSWERS
How might diabetes affect the eyes? (Select all that apply). - Answers - Reduced blood
supply
Accumulation of advanced glycation end (AGE) products
Glaucoma
Cataract formation
What happens to glucose after transported by the hepatic portal vein? (Select all that
apply). - Answers - Used for energy
Stored as fat
Stored as glycogen
What can result from a low protein diet? (Select all that apply). - Answers - Edema
Kwashiorkor
Marasmus
Why does GERD occur? - Answers - The lower esophageal sphincter open too easily
-GERD is often characterized by the LES relaxing and opening too easily, which allows
stomach acids and contents to flow into the esophagus.
Match the digestive phase with the correct description
When chyme enters the intestines
Response to food-based stimuli and mediated by the parasympathetic system.
When food is in the stomach - Answers - Cephalic: Response to food-based stimuli and
mediated by the parasympathetic system.
Gastric: When food is in the stomach
Intestinal: When chyme enters the intestines
Match each stomach secretion with the correct function:
Protects stomach from the acidic environment
Kills microbes, activates pepsinogen, and denatures proteins
Cleaves proteins once activated
Stimulates gastric motility and stomach contractions - Answers - Mucus: Protects
stomach from the acidic environment
HCL: Kills microbes, activates pepsinogen, and denatures proteins
Pepsinogen: Cleaves proteins once activated
Gastrin: Stimulates gastric motility and stomach contractions
In the intestines, what emulsifies fats into smaller droplets? - Answers - Bile
, -Bile is produced by the liver and stored in the gallbladder; it plays a crucial role in the
digestion and absorption of fats by breaking them down into smaller, more digestible
particles.
What is the primary purpose of mastication? - Answers - Increase the surface area per
volume of food
-Chewing food helps break it down into smaller pieces which increases the surface
area. The increased surface area allows for more enzyme-food interaction.
Help to mechanically digest food
-Yes, the grinding and chewing of the food will help in mechanically digesting the food.
What are the epithelial cells of Bowman's capsule called? - Answers - Podocytes
-These cells have unique finger-like projections called foot processes that wrap around
the glomerular capillaries and play a crucial role in blood filtration.
Match the protein combinations with the correct association:
Complementing proteins
Supplementing proteins
Black beans and rice
Grilled cheese sandwich - Answers - Complementing proteins: Black beans and rice
Supplementing proteins: Grilled cheese sandwich
Water and most ions in the proximal convoluted tubule follow which type of route? -
Answers - Paracellular
-Water and most ions follow the paracellular route in the proximal convoluted tubule.
What are the functions of the Renal System? (Select all that apply). - Answers -
Regulation of blood pH
-The renal system helps regulate blood pH by excreting hydrogen ions and reabsorbing
bicarbonate ions.
Removal of toxins and metabolic wastes
-One of the primary functions of the renal system is the removal of toxins and metabolic
wastes from the body through the formation of urine.
Regulation of blood pressure and red blood cell production
-The renal system plays a role in regulating blood pressure through the renin-
angiotensin-aldosterone system and can influence red blood cell production via the
hormone erythropoietin.
What are the functions of the renal system? (Select all that apply). - Answers - Release
hormones like Renin and EPO
-The kidneys release the hormone renin, which plays a role in blood pressure
regulation.
Remove metabolic waste
-The kidneys play a crucial role in filtering metabolic waste products, such as urea and
creatinine.
VERIFIED ACCURATE ANSWERS
How might diabetes affect the eyes? (Select all that apply). - Answers - Reduced blood
supply
Accumulation of advanced glycation end (AGE) products
Glaucoma
Cataract formation
What happens to glucose after transported by the hepatic portal vein? (Select all that
apply). - Answers - Used for energy
Stored as fat
Stored as glycogen
What can result from a low protein diet? (Select all that apply). - Answers - Edema
Kwashiorkor
Marasmus
Why does GERD occur? - Answers - The lower esophageal sphincter open too easily
-GERD is often characterized by the LES relaxing and opening too easily, which allows
stomach acids and contents to flow into the esophagus.
Match the digestive phase with the correct description
When chyme enters the intestines
Response to food-based stimuli and mediated by the parasympathetic system.
When food is in the stomach - Answers - Cephalic: Response to food-based stimuli and
mediated by the parasympathetic system.
Gastric: When food is in the stomach
Intestinal: When chyme enters the intestines
Match each stomach secretion with the correct function:
Protects stomach from the acidic environment
Kills microbes, activates pepsinogen, and denatures proteins
Cleaves proteins once activated
Stimulates gastric motility and stomach contractions - Answers - Mucus: Protects
stomach from the acidic environment
HCL: Kills microbes, activates pepsinogen, and denatures proteins
Pepsinogen: Cleaves proteins once activated
Gastrin: Stimulates gastric motility and stomach contractions
In the intestines, what emulsifies fats into smaller droplets? - Answers - Bile
, -Bile is produced by the liver and stored in the gallbladder; it plays a crucial role in the
digestion and absorption of fats by breaking them down into smaller, more digestible
particles.
What is the primary purpose of mastication? - Answers - Increase the surface area per
volume of food
-Chewing food helps break it down into smaller pieces which increases the surface
area. The increased surface area allows for more enzyme-food interaction.
Help to mechanically digest food
-Yes, the grinding and chewing of the food will help in mechanically digesting the food.
What are the epithelial cells of Bowman's capsule called? - Answers - Podocytes
-These cells have unique finger-like projections called foot processes that wrap around
the glomerular capillaries and play a crucial role in blood filtration.
Match the protein combinations with the correct association:
Complementing proteins
Supplementing proteins
Black beans and rice
Grilled cheese sandwich - Answers - Complementing proteins: Black beans and rice
Supplementing proteins: Grilled cheese sandwich
Water and most ions in the proximal convoluted tubule follow which type of route? -
Answers - Paracellular
-Water and most ions follow the paracellular route in the proximal convoluted tubule.
What are the functions of the Renal System? (Select all that apply). - Answers -
Regulation of blood pH
-The renal system helps regulate blood pH by excreting hydrogen ions and reabsorbing
bicarbonate ions.
Removal of toxins and metabolic wastes
-One of the primary functions of the renal system is the removal of toxins and metabolic
wastes from the body through the formation of urine.
Regulation of blood pressure and red blood cell production
-The renal system plays a role in regulating blood pressure through the renin-
angiotensin-aldosterone system and can influence red blood cell production via the
hormone erythropoietin.
What are the functions of the renal system? (Select all that apply). - Answers - Release
hormones like Renin and EPO
-The kidneys release the hormone renin, which plays a role in blood pressure
regulation.
Remove metabolic waste
-The kidneys play a crucial role in filtering metabolic waste products, such as urea and
creatinine.
