When flame lengths exceed 8 feet (2.4 meters), direct attack of any kind becomes
impractical. In this situation, indirect attack is the only option.
Indirect attack requires firefighters to build control lines, either by hand, with
mechanized equipment, with water (wet line), or by using existing natural or man-
made barriers. You then burnout or backfire fuels between the control line and the
oncoming fire edge. On large incidents, you may be miles from the actual fire edge.
On smaller incidents, you may be very close to the flame front.
Give this one a try later!
Indirect Attack
Fluid foam adheres well to foliage and drains readily, wetting the foliage in the
process.
The characteristics of fluid foam are:
Similar to watery shaving cream
,Medium to small bubbles
Flows easily
Moderate drain times
Give this one a try later!
Fluid Foam
Since dry foam coats and adheres well to vertical surfaces and drains slowly, it may be
well suited for pretreating exposures.
The characteristics of dry foam are:
Similar to shaving cream
Medium to small bubbles
Mostly air
Clings to vertical surfaces
Slow drain times
Give this one a try later!
Dry Foam
Burning out is an essential component of control line construction. The control line is
considered incomplete until there is no fuel between the fire and the line.
Use burning-out operations to:
Widen a control line
Eliminate islands of unburned fuel
Create escape routes and safety zones
Burning out normally takes place on a much smaller scale than backfiring. Unlike
backfiring operations, burnout operations conducted by qualified personnel do not
necessarily require Command approval although it is a good idea to keep them
informed.
, Give this one a try later!
Burn Out (Firing Operation)
Long-term retardants have an added ingredient called thickener. One brand uses
what they call Y-P Salt Soda. This additive increases the viscosity to provide greater
density. Density is desirable for canopy penetration when using airdrops in heavily
forested zones or segments of a fire.
About 1/4 inch (6.5 mm) of rainfall will totally dissipate long-term agents, even after
they have dried to a crust-like finish on vegetation.
Give this one a try later!
Long Term Retardants
Low band radios:
Use a low frequency range
Have waves that travel greater distances than high-band radios
Have waves that can bend more easily around mountains and other obstructions
Were used widely in wildland fire operations from the 1960s to the 1980s
Give this one a try later!
Low Band Radios
UHF radios:
Use the next higher frequency band above VHF/high-band radios
Have waves that travel short distances because waves are absorbed by trees and
impractical. In this situation, indirect attack is the only option.
Indirect attack requires firefighters to build control lines, either by hand, with
mechanized equipment, with water (wet line), or by using existing natural or man-
made barriers. You then burnout or backfire fuels between the control line and the
oncoming fire edge. On large incidents, you may be miles from the actual fire edge.
On smaller incidents, you may be very close to the flame front.
Give this one a try later!
Indirect Attack
Fluid foam adheres well to foliage and drains readily, wetting the foliage in the
process.
The characteristics of fluid foam are:
Similar to watery shaving cream
,Medium to small bubbles
Flows easily
Moderate drain times
Give this one a try later!
Fluid Foam
Since dry foam coats and adheres well to vertical surfaces and drains slowly, it may be
well suited for pretreating exposures.
The characteristics of dry foam are:
Similar to shaving cream
Medium to small bubbles
Mostly air
Clings to vertical surfaces
Slow drain times
Give this one a try later!
Dry Foam
Burning out is an essential component of control line construction. The control line is
considered incomplete until there is no fuel between the fire and the line.
Use burning-out operations to:
Widen a control line
Eliminate islands of unburned fuel
Create escape routes and safety zones
Burning out normally takes place on a much smaller scale than backfiring. Unlike
backfiring operations, burnout operations conducted by qualified personnel do not
necessarily require Command approval although it is a good idea to keep them
informed.
, Give this one a try later!
Burn Out (Firing Operation)
Long-term retardants have an added ingredient called thickener. One brand uses
what they call Y-P Salt Soda. This additive increases the viscosity to provide greater
density. Density is desirable for canopy penetration when using airdrops in heavily
forested zones or segments of a fire.
About 1/4 inch (6.5 mm) of rainfall will totally dissipate long-term agents, even after
they have dried to a crust-like finish on vegetation.
Give this one a try later!
Long Term Retardants
Low band radios:
Use a low frequency range
Have waves that travel greater distances than high-band radios
Have waves that can bend more easily around mountains and other obstructions
Were used widely in wildland fire operations from the 1960s to the 1980s
Give this one a try later!
Low Band Radios
UHF radios:
Use the next higher frequency band above VHF/high-band radios
Have waves that travel short distances because waves are absorbed by trees and
