C HAPTER 21: N EUROLOGIC A NATOMY AND
P HYSIOLOGY
Urden: Critical Care Nursing, 9th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Control of the rate of respirations occurs in the in which brain center?
a. Apneustic center
b. Pneumotaxic center
c. Reticular activating system
d. Midbrain
ANS: B
Two respiratory control centers are located in the pons, namely the
apneustic and pneumotaxic centers. Whereas the apneustic center
controls the length of inspiration and expiration, the pneumotaxic
center controls respi ratory rate.
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding REF: p.
532 OBJ: Nursing Process Step: N/A TOP: Neurologic
MSC: NC LEX: Physiologic Integrit y
2. The sensory, motor, and cognitive functions are the primary functions of
which area of the brain?
a. Diencephalon
, b. Basal ganglia
c. Cerebellum
d. Cerebrum
ANS: D
The outermost aspect of the cerebrum is called the cerebral cortex. The
primary functions of the cerebral cortex include sensory, motor, and
intellectual (cognitive) functions, making this area of the brain vital to
normal human functioning and providing capabilities that make humans
unique as a species.
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering REF: p. 527
OBJ: Nursing Process Step: N/A TOP: Neurologic
MSC: NC LEX: Physiologic Integrit y
3. What is the region of the brain that acts as a relay station for both motor
and sensory activit y called?
a. Cerebrum
b. Cerebellum
c. Thalamus
d. Hypothalamus
ANS: C
The thalamus consists of two connected ovoid masses of gray matter
and forms the lateral walls of the third v entricle. The two thalami serve
as a relay station and gatekeeper for motor and sensory stimuli,
preventing or enhancing transmission of impulses based on the
behavioral needs of the person.
, PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering REF: p. 531 |
Figure 21-12 OBJ: Nursing Process Step: N/A TOP:
Neurologic MSC: NC LEX: Physiologic Integrit y
4. A patient with neurologic damage continues with extremel y high core
body temperature despite interventions to lower temperature. The nurse
suspects the patient has sustained damage to which area of the brain?
a. Cerebrum
b. Cerebellum
c. Thalamus
d. Hypothalamus
ANS: D
Areas of the internal environment regulated and maintained by the
hypothalamus include temperature regulation, autonomic nervous
s ystem responses, food and wate r intake, hormonal secretions, and
behavioral responses.
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Appl ying REF: p. 531
OBJ: Nursing Process Step: N/A TOP: Neurologic
MSC: NC LEX: Physiologic Integrit y
5. A lack of which two substances can cause disruption in neuro nal function
and irreversible damage?
a. Oxygen and glucose
b. Protein and insulin
c. Oxygen and protein
d. Protein and glucose
P HYSIOLOGY
Urden: Critical Care Nursing, 9th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Control of the rate of respirations occurs in the in which brain center?
a. Apneustic center
b. Pneumotaxic center
c. Reticular activating system
d. Midbrain
ANS: B
Two respiratory control centers are located in the pons, namely the
apneustic and pneumotaxic centers. Whereas the apneustic center
controls the length of inspiration and expiration, the pneumotaxic
center controls respi ratory rate.
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding REF: p.
532 OBJ: Nursing Process Step: N/A TOP: Neurologic
MSC: NC LEX: Physiologic Integrit y
2. The sensory, motor, and cognitive functions are the primary functions of
which area of the brain?
a. Diencephalon
, b. Basal ganglia
c. Cerebellum
d. Cerebrum
ANS: D
The outermost aspect of the cerebrum is called the cerebral cortex. The
primary functions of the cerebral cortex include sensory, motor, and
intellectual (cognitive) functions, making this area of the brain vital to
normal human functioning and providing capabilities that make humans
unique as a species.
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering REF: p. 527
OBJ: Nursing Process Step: N/A TOP: Neurologic
MSC: NC LEX: Physiologic Integrit y
3. What is the region of the brain that acts as a relay station for both motor
and sensory activit y called?
a. Cerebrum
b. Cerebellum
c. Thalamus
d. Hypothalamus
ANS: C
The thalamus consists of two connected ovoid masses of gray matter
and forms the lateral walls of the third v entricle. The two thalami serve
as a relay station and gatekeeper for motor and sensory stimuli,
preventing or enhancing transmission of impulses based on the
behavioral needs of the person.
, PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering REF: p. 531 |
Figure 21-12 OBJ: Nursing Process Step: N/A TOP:
Neurologic MSC: NC LEX: Physiologic Integrit y
4. A patient with neurologic damage continues with extremel y high core
body temperature despite interventions to lower temperature. The nurse
suspects the patient has sustained damage to which area of the brain?
a. Cerebrum
b. Cerebellum
c. Thalamus
d. Hypothalamus
ANS: D
Areas of the internal environment regulated and maintained by the
hypothalamus include temperature regulation, autonomic nervous
s ystem responses, food and wate r intake, hormonal secretions, and
behavioral responses.
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Appl ying REF: p. 531
OBJ: Nursing Process Step: N/A TOP: Neurologic
MSC: NC LEX: Physiologic Integrit y
5. A lack of which two substances can cause disruption in neuro nal function
and irreversible damage?
a. Oxygen and glucose
b. Protein and insulin
c. Oxygen and protein
d. Protein and glucose
