NURS 315 Exam 3 LATEST 2025 SPRING SUMMER SEMESTER
What does the term, "neoplasia", refer to?
The term, "neoplasia", refers to any new or continued cell growth not needed for normal development
or replacement of dead and damaged tissues; this cell growth is abnormal even if it causes no harm (is
benign)
*The formation or presence of a new, abnormal growth of tissue
Benign tumor cells:
- Definition
Benign tumor cells are normal cells growing in the wrong place or at the wrong time as a result of a
problem with cellular regulation
Benign tumor cells:
- Examples
- Moles
- Uterine fibroid tumors
- Skin tags
- Endometriosis
- Nasal polyps
,Cancer (malignant) cells:
- Definition
Cancer (malignant) cells are abnormal, serve no useful function, and are harmful to normal body tissues
*Abnormal
*Serve no useful function
*Harmful
Carcinogenesis/Oncogenesis:
- Definition
Carcinogenesis and oncogenesis are other names for cancer development
Malignant transformation:
- Definition
Malignant transformation is the process of changing a normal cell into a cancer cell
Carcinogens:
- Definition
,Carcinogens are substances that change the activity of a cell's genes so the cell becomes a cancer cell
What are the different forms of carcinogens?
Carcinogens may be:
- Chemicals
- Physical agents
- Viruses
How are cancers classified?
Cancers are classified by the type of tissue from which they arise, for example:
- Glandular
- Connective
Other ways to classify cancer include:
- Biologic behavior
- Anatomic site
- Degree of differentiation
Cancers are either:
- Solid
- Hematologic
Where do solid tumors develop?
, Solid tumors develop from specific tissues, for example:
- Breast cancer
- Lung cancer
Where do hematologic cancers arise?
Hematologic cancers arise from blood cell-forming tissues, for example:
- Leukemias
- Lymphomas
What is the most common cause of cancer spread?
Bloodborne metastasis (tumor cell release into the blood) is the most common cause of cancer spread
Metastasis:
- Definition
Metastasis occurs when cancer cells move from the pituitary location by breaking off from the original
group and establishing remote colonies
These additional tumors are called metastatic or secondary tumors
Even though the tumor is now in another organ, it is still a cancer from the original altered tissue. For
example, when breast cancer spreads to the lung and the bone, it is still breast cancer in the lung and
bone - not lung cancer and not bone cancer
What does the term, "neoplasia", refer to?
The term, "neoplasia", refers to any new or continued cell growth not needed for normal development
or replacement of dead and damaged tissues; this cell growth is abnormal even if it causes no harm (is
benign)
*The formation or presence of a new, abnormal growth of tissue
Benign tumor cells:
- Definition
Benign tumor cells are normal cells growing in the wrong place or at the wrong time as a result of a
problem with cellular regulation
Benign tumor cells:
- Examples
- Moles
- Uterine fibroid tumors
- Skin tags
- Endometriosis
- Nasal polyps
,Cancer (malignant) cells:
- Definition
Cancer (malignant) cells are abnormal, serve no useful function, and are harmful to normal body tissues
*Abnormal
*Serve no useful function
*Harmful
Carcinogenesis/Oncogenesis:
- Definition
Carcinogenesis and oncogenesis are other names for cancer development
Malignant transformation:
- Definition
Malignant transformation is the process of changing a normal cell into a cancer cell
Carcinogens:
- Definition
,Carcinogens are substances that change the activity of a cell's genes so the cell becomes a cancer cell
What are the different forms of carcinogens?
Carcinogens may be:
- Chemicals
- Physical agents
- Viruses
How are cancers classified?
Cancers are classified by the type of tissue from which they arise, for example:
- Glandular
- Connective
Other ways to classify cancer include:
- Biologic behavior
- Anatomic site
- Degree of differentiation
Cancers are either:
- Solid
- Hematologic
Where do solid tumors develop?
, Solid tumors develop from specific tissues, for example:
- Breast cancer
- Lung cancer
Where do hematologic cancers arise?
Hematologic cancers arise from blood cell-forming tissues, for example:
- Leukemias
- Lymphomas
What is the most common cause of cancer spread?
Bloodborne metastasis (tumor cell release into the blood) is the most common cause of cancer spread
Metastasis:
- Definition
Metastasis occurs when cancer cells move from the pituitary location by breaking off from the original
group and establishing remote colonies
These additional tumors are called metastatic or secondary tumors
Even though the tumor is now in another organ, it is still a cancer from the original altered tissue. For
example, when breast cancer spreads to the lung and the bone, it is still breast cancer in the lung and
bone - not lung cancer and not bone cancer
