Unit 8
Physiology of human body systems - Assignment C
, P5: Roles and loca on of organs of the diges ve system
Mouth:
Two types of diges on occur in the mouth, with that being
mechanical and chemical diges on. Chemical diges on occurs in
the mouth due to the release of saliva; our saliva contains
diges ve enzymes called amylase which are enzymes that
primarily break down carbohydrates. Mechanical diges on occurs
in the mouth due to the teeth and surrounding facial muscles
which break the food down by grinding the food, which makes it Figure 1
easier to swallow. The mouth is commonly referred to as the rst part of the diges ve system.
Pharynx: Figure 2
The pharynx plays two important roles within the body, it is involved in the
respiratory system as an entry point for air well as the diges ve system as
its func on is to pass uids and food down into the stomach, the muscles
of the pharynx contract when food is chewed into bolus.
Oesophagus:
The main func on of the oesophagus is to transport food further
down from the pharynx to the stomach with the oesophagus being
25cm in length and made of four layers, the mucous membrane
secretes mucus to enable the smooth passage of food. Nerves in the
surrounding oesophageal ssue detect the presence of the bolus and
ini ate peristalsis, which is a series of de ned muscular contrac ons
that drives food into the stomach. Figure 3
Stomach: Figure 4
The main func on of the stomach is to store and churn food; it
also performs chemical breakdown of enzymes. The cells lining
the stomach wall create hydrochloric acid, which is responsible for
the chemical breakdown of food, and diges ve enzymes break
down the proteins included in food. The stomach is a muscular
bag in the upper abdomen with smooth muscle for mechanical
diges on and hydrochloric acid for chemical diges on. Since
stomach secre ons are acidic, it destroys harmful bacteria and
other microbes, and the gastric mucosa secretes mucus, which
acts as a protec ve lining for the stomach. (Ref to gure 3 and 4)
Gallbladder:
The gallbladder is located on the right side of the abdomen, it is a
ti ti ti
titi titi fl ti ti fi titi tifiti ti ti fi ti ti
Physiology of human body systems - Assignment C
, P5: Roles and loca on of organs of the diges ve system
Mouth:
Two types of diges on occur in the mouth, with that being
mechanical and chemical diges on. Chemical diges on occurs in
the mouth due to the release of saliva; our saliva contains
diges ve enzymes called amylase which are enzymes that
primarily break down carbohydrates. Mechanical diges on occurs
in the mouth due to the teeth and surrounding facial muscles
which break the food down by grinding the food, which makes it Figure 1
easier to swallow. The mouth is commonly referred to as the rst part of the diges ve system.
Pharynx: Figure 2
The pharynx plays two important roles within the body, it is involved in the
respiratory system as an entry point for air well as the diges ve system as
its func on is to pass uids and food down into the stomach, the muscles
of the pharynx contract when food is chewed into bolus.
Oesophagus:
The main func on of the oesophagus is to transport food further
down from the pharynx to the stomach with the oesophagus being
25cm in length and made of four layers, the mucous membrane
secretes mucus to enable the smooth passage of food. Nerves in the
surrounding oesophageal ssue detect the presence of the bolus and
ini ate peristalsis, which is a series of de ned muscular contrac ons
that drives food into the stomach. Figure 3
Stomach: Figure 4
The main func on of the stomach is to store and churn food; it
also performs chemical breakdown of enzymes. The cells lining
the stomach wall create hydrochloric acid, which is responsible for
the chemical breakdown of food, and diges ve enzymes break
down the proteins included in food. The stomach is a muscular
bag in the upper abdomen with smooth muscle for mechanical
diges on and hydrochloric acid for chemical diges on. Since
stomach secre ons are acidic, it destroys harmful bacteria and
other microbes, and the gastric mucosa secretes mucus, which
acts as a protec ve lining for the stomach. (Ref to gure 3 and 4)
Gallbladder:
The gallbladder is located on the right side of the abdomen, it is a
ti ti ti
titi titi fl ti ti fi titi tifiti ti ti fi ti ti
