ETHICS AND PUBLIC POLICY PRACTICE
EXAM 2026 FULL QUESTIONS AND
DETAILED SOLUTIONS
●● What are the three major ethical responsibilities of policy analysts?
Answer: 1. Analytical Integrity 2. Responsibility to the Client 3.
Responsibility to Society
●● What does Analytical Integrity require from policy analysts?
Answer: Accurate, unbiased analysis using correct methods, honest
reporting, avoiding data manipulation, and clear presentation of
uncertainty.
●● Who do policy analysts typically work for? Answer: Government
officials, agencies, and elected leaders.
●● What is the responsibility of analysts to their clients? Answer: Help
clients understand policy options, communicate results clearly, and
provide useful advice without compromising analytical honesty.
●● What must analysts consider in their responsibility to society?
Answer: Social welfare, fairness, and public consequences of policy
decisions.
, ●● What ethical tension can arise in policy analysis? Answer: Conflicts
between the client's desires and the evidence suggesting negative
outcomes.
●● What are the three main responses individuals have to organizational
decline? Answer: 1. Exit 2. Voice 3. Loyalty
●● What does 'Exit' mean in the context of organizational decline?
Answer: Individuals leave the organization, signaling loss of support or
revenue.
●● What is the purpose of 'Voice' in response to organizational decline?
Answer: To express dissatisfaction and attempt to improve the
institution.
●● How does loyalty influence the choice between exit and voice?
Answer: Strong loyalty leads to staying and attempting reform, while
weak loyalty results in quick departure.
●● What is the core ethical problem in the Pluralism and Public
Morality Framework? Answer: How personal moral or religious beliefs
of public officials should influence public policy.
●● What is Cuomo's position on public officials' personal beliefs?
Answer: Public officials must govern in ways that respect pluralism and
not impose personal beliefs as public law.
EXAM 2026 FULL QUESTIONS AND
DETAILED SOLUTIONS
●● What are the three major ethical responsibilities of policy analysts?
Answer: 1. Analytical Integrity 2. Responsibility to the Client 3.
Responsibility to Society
●● What does Analytical Integrity require from policy analysts?
Answer: Accurate, unbiased analysis using correct methods, honest
reporting, avoiding data manipulation, and clear presentation of
uncertainty.
●● Who do policy analysts typically work for? Answer: Government
officials, agencies, and elected leaders.
●● What is the responsibility of analysts to their clients? Answer: Help
clients understand policy options, communicate results clearly, and
provide useful advice without compromising analytical honesty.
●● What must analysts consider in their responsibility to society?
Answer: Social welfare, fairness, and public consequences of policy
decisions.
, ●● What ethical tension can arise in policy analysis? Answer: Conflicts
between the client's desires and the evidence suggesting negative
outcomes.
●● What are the three main responses individuals have to organizational
decline? Answer: 1. Exit 2. Voice 3. Loyalty
●● What does 'Exit' mean in the context of organizational decline?
Answer: Individuals leave the organization, signaling loss of support or
revenue.
●● What is the purpose of 'Voice' in response to organizational decline?
Answer: To express dissatisfaction and attempt to improve the
institution.
●● How does loyalty influence the choice between exit and voice?
Answer: Strong loyalty leads to staying and attempting reform, while
weak loyalty results in quick departure.
●● What is the core ethical problem in the Pluralism and Public
Morality Framework? Answer: How personal moral or religious beliefs
of public officials should influence public policy.
●● What is Cuomo's position on public officials' personal beliefs?
Answer: Public officials must govern in ways that respect pluralism and
not impose personal beliefs as public law.
