EVIDENCE BASED PRACTICE FOR NURSES BY
SCHMIDT BROWN PRACTICE QUESTIONS AND
RATIONALE GUIDE 2026
◉ Dissemination of findings two major vehicles. Answer: • Articles
published in professional journals
• Presentations given at conferences
◉ Nursing student role in research. Answer: Learning about
research: doing honors projects or assisting in labs
◉ BSN role in research. Answer: Identifies problems that can be
studied; may do data collection for research studies
◉ MSN role in research. Answer: Replicates earlier research;
beginning independent research
◉ Doctorate role in research. Answer: Generate and test theory;
establish independent research career
◉ Academician role in research. Answer: Independent research with
external funding (e.g., NIH, foundation grants)
,◉ After formulation of the research question or hypothesis, the next
step in the research process is to:
A. Select the population
B. Review the literature
C. Design the study protocol
D. Discussion and/or clinical implications. Answer: *C. Design the
study protocol*
After formulation of the research question or hypothesis, the next
step in the research process is to design the study. The study design
will influence the data collection process. Selecting the population is
a component of this phase of the research process. Obtaining
necessary approvals is part of conducting the study, which follows
the design phase in the research process. Identification of the
instrument to use for data analysis occurs during the process of
designing the study protocol. This step would occur during the study
design phase of the research process after the problem identification
and literature review has taken place.
◉ Research is the same as problem solving. T or F. Answer: *False*
Research is different from problem solving. Problem solving is
specific to a given situation and is designed for immediate action,
whereas research is generalizable (transferable) to other situations
and deals with long-term solutions rather than immediate ones.
◉ During the first step of evidence-based practice (EBP),
development of a clinical question:
, A. Must follow the sequence of PICOT
B. Does not allow for identification of key words
C. Must contain all of the PICOT elements
D. Does not have to follow the sequence of PICOT. Answer: *D. Does
not have to follow the sequence of PICOT*
A well designed PICOT question does not have to follow the
sequence of PICOT. In addition, Intervention (I), comparison (C), and
time (T) are not appropriate to be used in every question. The aim is
to ask a question that contains as many of the PICOT elements as
possible. Proper question formatting allows you to identify keys
words to use when conducting your literature search
◉ Research Utilization (RU). Answer: - Use of study findings in a
practical application unrelated to the original research.
- Instrumental (direct)
- Conceptual (indirect)
- Persuasive (symbolic)
◉ Evidence Based Practice (EBP). Answer: - Based clinical decisions
on best possible evidence typically high quality research.
- Use of best evidence unmaking patient care decisions.
◉ Research Utilization (RU): Instrumental. Answer: - Direct
SCHMIDT BROWN PRACTICE QUESTIONS AND
RATIONALE GUIDE 2026
◉ Dissemination of findings two major vehicles. Answer: • Articles
published in professional journals
• Presentations given at conferences
◉ Nursing student role in research. Answer: Learning about
research: doing honors projects or assisting in labs
◉ BSN role in research. Answer: Identifies problems that can be
studied; may do data collection for research studies
◉ MSN role in research. Answer: Replicates earlier research;
beginning independent research
◉ Doctorate role in research. Answer: Generate and test theory;
establish independent research career
◉ Academician role in research. Answer: Independent research with
external funding (e.g., NIH, foundation grants)
,◉ After formulation of the research question or hypothesis, the next
step in the research process is to:
A. Select the population
B. Review the literature
C. Design the study protocol
D. Discussion and/or clinical implications. Answer: *C. Design the
study protocol*
After formulation of the research question or hypothesis, the next
step in the research process is to design the study. The study design
will influence the data collection process. Selecting the population is
a component of this phase of the research process. Obtaining
necessary approvals is part of conducting the study, which follows
the design phase in the research process. Identification of the
instrument to use for data analysis occurs during the process of
designing the study protocol. This step would occur during the study
design phase of the research process after the problem identification
and literature review has taken place.
◉ Research is the same as problem solving. T or F. Answer: *False*
Research is different from problem solving. Problem solving is
specific to a given situation and is designed for immediate action,
whereas research is generalizable (transferable) to other situations
and deals with long-term solutions rather than immediate ones.
◉ During the first step of evidence-based practice (EBP),
development of a clinical question:
, A. Must follow the sequence of PICOT
B. Does not allow for identification of key words
C. Must contain all of the PICOT elements
D. Does not have to follow the sequence of PICOT. Answer: *D. Does
not have to follow the sequence of PICOT*
A well designed PICOT question does not have to follow the
sequence of PICOT. In addition, Intervention (I), comparison (C), and
time (T) are not appropriate to be used in every question. The aim is
to ask a question that contains as many of the PICOT elements as
possible. Proper question formatting allows you to identify keys
words to use when conducting your literature search
◉ Research Utilization (RU). Answer: - Use of study findings in a
practical application unrelated to the original research.
- Instrumental (direct)
- Conceptual (indirect)
- Persuasive (symbolic)
◉ Evidence Based Practice (EBP). Answer: - Based clinical decisions
on best possible evidence typically high quality research.
- Use of best evidence unmaking patient care decisions.
◉ Research Utilization (RU): Instrumental. Answer: - Direct
