S12 FDNY EXAM ULTIMATE STUDY SHEET 2026
PRACTICE SOLUTION QUESTIONS WITH
VERIFIED ANSWERS
◉ Main Drain. Answer: The primary drain connection located on the
system riser and also utilized as a flow test connection.
◉ Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion (MIC). Answer: Corrosion
caused by the presence of microbes in the water supply that over
time attack the interior of metallic piping and cause leaks, pitting,
and blockages.
◉ Old-Style/Conventional Sprinkler. Answer: A sprinkler that directs
40% to 60% of the water initially in a downward direction and is
designed to be installed with the deflector in either the upright or
pendent position.
◉ Pendent Sprinkler. Answer: A sprinkler designed to be installed in
such a way that the water stream is directed downward against the
deflector.
◉ Pintle Screws. Answer: A visual indicating device required for
sprinklers manufactured prior to 1999 identifying small orifice
,sprinklers and large orifice sprinklers where orifice size is different
than the nominal thread size of the sprinkler head.
◉ Pipe Schedule Systems. Answer: A method of sizing piping based
upon the number of sprinkler heads and the occupancy of the
protected area.
◉ Preaction Sprinkler System. Answer: A sprinkler system
employing automatic sprinklers that are attached to a piping system
that contains air that may or may not be under pressure, with a
supplemental detection system installed in the same areas as the
sprinklers.
◉ Pressure Control Valve. Answer: A pilot operated pressure
reducing valve that may be used with a fire or booster pump
designed for the purpose of preventing the incoming water supply
pressure from dropping below a set pressure.
◉ Pressure-Reducing Valve. Answer: A valve designed for the
purpose of reducing the downstream water pressure under both
flowing (residual) and nonflowing (static) conditions.
◉ Pressure Relief Valve. Answer: A valve designed for the purpose of
releasing excess air or water pressure from the Fire Protection
Piping System.
,◉ Pressure Tank. Answer: A tank using air pressure to supplying
water for water-based fire protection systems. Tank contents to be
maintained at one third air to two thirds water.
◉ Quick Response Sprinkler Head. Answer: A sprinkler having a
fusible link with a response time index (RTI) of 50 or less.
◉ Recessed Sprinkler. Answer: A sprinkler in which all or part of the
body, other than the shank thread, is mounted above the ceiling.
◉ Residential Sprinkler. Answer: A type of fast response sprinkler
that has been specifically tested to enhance survivability in the room
of fire origin and listed for use in dwelling units.
◉ Response Time Index (RTI). Answer: A measurement of the
thermal sensitivity of a sprinkler head expressed in (meters-
seconds) 1/2.
◉ Supervisory signal. Answer: A signal indicating the need for action
or the use of such device in connection with the supervision of fire
alarm systems or the maintenance features of related systems.
◉ Small orifice sprinklers. Answer: A sprinkler head with and orifice
size smaller than 1⁄2"
, ◉ Solder Link Sprinkler. Answer: A sprinkler operated by the
melting of a metal link, they vary in size and configuration for quick
response and standard response sprinklers. The smaller the size of
the link, the faster the sprinkler operates.
◉ Spray Sprinkler. Answer: A type of sprinkler listed for its
capability to provide fire control for a wide range of fire hazards.
The most commonly used sprinkler since 1953.
◉ Standard Response Sprinkler Head. Answer: A sprinkler having a
fusible link with a response time index (RTI) of 80 or more.
◉ Supervisory signal-initiating device. Answer: An initiating device,
such as a valve supervisory switch,that triggers a supervisory signal.
◉ Testing. Answer: A procedure used to determine the status of a
system as intended by conducting periodic physical checks on water
based fire protection systems such as waterflow tests, fire pump
tests, alarm tests, and trip tests of dry pipe, deluge, or preaction
valves. These tests follow up on the original acceptance test at
intervals specified in the appropriate chapter of NFPA #25, 2002
edition.
PRACTICE SOLUTION QUESTIONS WITH
VERIFIED ANSWERS
◉ Main Drain. Answer: The primary drain connection located on the
system riser and also utilized as a flow test connection.
◉ Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion (MIC). Answer: Corrosion
caused by the presence of microbes in the water supply that over
time attack the interior of metallic piping and cause leaks, pitting,
and blockages.
◉ Old-Style/Conventional Sprinkler. Answer: A sprinkler that directs
40% to 60% of the water initially in a downward direction and is
designed to be installed with the deflector in either the upright or
pendent position.
◉ Pendent Sprinkler. Answer: A sprinkler designed to be installed in
such a way that the water stream is directed downward against the
deflector.
◉ Pintle Screws. Answer: A visual indicating device required for
sprinklers manufactured prior to 1999 identifying small orifice
,sprinklers and large orifice sprinklers where orifice size is different
than the nominal thread size of the sprinkler head.
◉ Pipe Schedule Systems. Answer: A method of sizing piping based
upon the number of sprinkler heads and the occupancy of the
protected area.
◉ Preaction Sprinkler System. Answer: A sprinkler system
employing automatic sprinklers that are attached to a piping system
that contains air that may or may not be under pressure, with a
supplemental detection system installed in the same areas as the
sprinklers.
◉ Pressure Control Valve. Answer: A pilot operated pressure
reducing valve that may be used with a fire or booster pump
designed for the purpose of preventing the incoming water supply
pressure from dropping below a set pressure.
◉ Pressure-Reducing Valve. Answer: A valve designed for the
purpose of reducing the downstream water pressure under both
flowing (residual) and nonflowing (static) conditions.
◉ Pressure Relief Valve. Answer: A valve designed for the purpose of
releasing excess air or water pressure from the Fire Protection
Piping System.
,◉ Pressure Tank. Answer: A tank using air pressure to supplying
water for water-based fire protection systems. Tank contents to be
maintained at one third air to two thirds water.
◉ Quick Response Sprinkler Head. Answer: A sprinkler having a
fusible link with a response time index (RTI) of 50 or less.
◉ Recessed Sprinkler. Answer: A sprinkler in which all or part of the
body, other than the shank thread, is mounted above the ceiling.
◉ Residential Sprinkler. Answer: A type of fast response sprinkler
that has been specifically tested to enhance survivability in the room
of fire origin and listed for use in dwelling units.
◉ Response Time Index (RTI). Answer: A measurement of the
thermal sensitivity of a sprinkler head expressed in (meters-
seconds) 1/2.
◉ Supervisory signal. Answer: A signal indicating the need for action
or the use of such device in connection with the supervision of fire
alarm systems or the maintenance features of related systems.
◉ Small orifice sprinklers. Answer: A sprinkler head with and orifice
size smaller than 1⁄2"
, ◉ Solder Link Sprinkler. Answer: A sprinkler operated by the
melting of a metal link, they vary in size and configuration for quick
response and standard response sprinklers. The smaller the size of
the link, the faster the sprinkler operates.
◉ Spray Sprinkler. Answer: A type of sprinkler listed for its
capability to provide fire control for a wide range of fire hazards.
The most commonly used sprinkler since 1953.
◉ Standard Response Sprinkler Head. Answer: A sprinkler having a
fusible link with a response time index (RTI) of 80 or more.
◉ Supervisory signal-initiating device. Answer: An initiating device,
such as a valve supervisory switch,that triggers a supervisory signal.
◉ Testing. Answer: A procedure used to determine the status of a
system as intended by conducting periodic physical checks on water
based fire protection systems such as waterflow tests, fire pump
tests, alarm tests, and trip tests of dry pipe, deluge, or preaction
valves. These tests follow up on the original acceptance test at
intervals specified in the appropriate chapter of NFPA #25, 2002
edition.
