ISSA CPT FINAL EXAM 200 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Which molecule is the energy currency of the cell? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅adenosine triphosphate
(ATP)
Which digestive organ has both endocrine and exocrine functions? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅pancreas
What calculation estimates the primary macronutrient the body uses for energy at a given point in time?
- CORRECT ANSWER✅✅respiratory quotient
Which branch of the nervous system is responsible for "fight-or-flight"? - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅sympathetic nervous system
Which type of bone protects internal organs and provides a large surface area for muscles to attach? -
CORRECT ANSWER✅✅flat bone
Which of the following is included in the axial skeleton? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅skull
According to the size principle of motor recruitment, in what order will muscle fibers be recruited during
activity? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅smallest and slowest firing rate to largest and fastest firing rate
Which type of muscle is the most common in the human body? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅skeletal muscle
Which division of the peripheral nervous system controls voluntary movement like exercise? - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅somatic nervous system
What is the central nervous system (CNS) responsible for? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅receiving sensory
input and organizing, analyzing, and processing neural information
What is the term for blood circulation within the heart and lungs? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅pulmonary
circulation
,Which heart structure is known as the pacemaker of the heart and initiates contraction of the right
atrium? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅sinoatrial (SA) node
In which anatomical plane does the internal and external rotation of the shoulder occur? - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅transverse plane
According to the American Heart Association, what is considered a 'normal' blood pressure? - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅120/80 mm Hg
Which energy pathway produces the greatest amount of ATP? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅oxidative energy
pathway
Which organ is the largest lymphatic organ in the body? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅the spleen
Which endocrine hormone promotes the uptake of glucose from the blood by target tissues? - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅insulin
What neural function is processed directly by the spinal cord and not the brain? - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅a reflex
What class of hormones is released by the adrenal glands during times of stress? - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅catecholamines
Which digestive organ is responsible for the storage of fat-soluble vitamins and blood filtration and
detoxification? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅liver
The process of glycolysis is the breakdown of what molecule in the body? - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅glucose
Which energy pathway is dominant when the body is at rest or during low-intensity, long-duration
activity? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅oxidative energy pathway
, What is the process of breaking triglycerides down into fatty acids to be converted to acetyl-CoA during
aerobic metabolism called? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅beta-oxidation
What is the primary muscle involved in pulmonary ventilation? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅diaphragm
Which two macronutrients are the most preferred sources of energy in the body? - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅carbohydrate and fat
What is the name of the heart valves located between the atria and ventricles that keep blood moving in
only one direction? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅atrioventricular (AV) valves
Which glands of the endocrine system produce and release substances through ducts or openings on the
body's surfaces? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅exocrine glands
Where in the cell do the Krebs cycle and electron transport chain occur? - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅mitochondria
The calcaneus is an example of what type of bone? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅short bone
What is the condition of low blood pressure measuring 90/60 mm Hg or less? - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅hypotension
Which endocrine hormone promotes the release of glucose from the liver and into the bloodstream? -
CORRECT ANSWER✅✅glucagon
What term is described as the volume of blood the left ventricle pushes out in a single heartbeat? -
CORRECT ANSWER✅✅stroke volume
What muscle fiber arrangement can be seen in the soleus muscle? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅bipennate
muscle
Which molecule is the energy currency of the cell? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅adenosine triphosphate
(ATP)
Which digestive organ has both endocrine and exocrine functions? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅pancreas
What calculation estimates the primary macronutrient the body uses for energy at a given point in time?
- CORRECT ANSWER✅✅respiratory quotient
Which branch of the nervous system is responsible for "fight-or-flight"? - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅sympathetic nervous system
Which type of bone protects internal organs and provides a large surface area for muscles to attach? -
CORRECT ANSWER✅✅flat bone
Which of the following is included in the axial skeleton? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅skull
According to the size principle of motor recruitment, in what order will muscle fibers be recruited during
activity? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅smallest and slowest firing rate to largest and fastest firing rate
Which type of muscle is the most common in the human body? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅skeletal muscle
Which division of the peripheral nervous system controls voluntary movement like exercise? - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅somatic nervous system
What is the central nervous system (CNS) responsible for? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅receiving sensory
input and organizing, analyzing, and processing neural information
What is the term for blood circulation within the heart and lungs? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅pulmonary
circulation
,Which heart structure is known as the pacemaker of the heart and initiates contraction of the right
atrium? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅sinoatrial (SA) node
In which anatomical plane does the internal and external rotation of the shoulder occur? - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅transverse plane
According to the American Heart Association, what is considered a 'normal' blood pressure? - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅120/80 mm Hg
Which energy pathway produces the greatest amount of ATP? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅oxidative energy
pathway
Which organ is the largest lymphatic organ in the body? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅the spleen
Which endocrine hormone promotes the uptake of glucose from the blood by target tissues? - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅insulin
What neural function is processed directly by the spinal cord and not the brain? - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅a reflex
What class of hormones is released by the adrenal glands during times of stress? - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅catecholamines
Which digestive organ is responsible for the storage of fat-soluble vitamins and blood filtration and
detoxification? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅liver
The process of glycolysis is the breakdown of what molecule in the body? - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅glucose
Which energy pathway is dominant when the body is at rest or during low-intensity, long-duration
activity? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅oxidative energy pathway
, What is the process of breaking triglycerides down into fatty acids to be converted to acetyl-CoA during
aerobic metabolism called? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅beta-oxidation
What is the primary muscle involved in pulmonary ventilation? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅diaphragm
Which two macronutrients are the most preferred sources of energy in the body? - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅carbohydrate and fat
What is the name of the heart valves located between the atria and ventricles that keep blood moving in
only one direction? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅atrioventricular (AV) valves
Which glands of the endocrine system produce and release substances through ducts or openings on the
body's surfaces? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅exocrine glands
Where in the cell do the Krebs cycle and electron transport chain occur? - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅mitochondria
The calcaneus is an example of what type of bone? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅short bone
What is the condition of low blood pressure measuring 90/60 mm Hg or less? - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅hypotension
Which endocrine hormone promotes the release of glucose from the liver and into the bloodstream? -
CORRECT ANSWER✅✅glucagon
What term is described as the volume of blood the left ventricle pushes out in a single heartbeat? -
CORRECT ANSWER✅✅stroke volume
What muscle fiber arrangement can be seen in the soleus muscle? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅bipennate
muscle
