practice test questions and answers
updated 2026
__________AcanAcauseA__________AclosureAofAtheAmitralAvalve.
A:AIncreasedAleftAatrialApressure,Aearly
B:APulmonaryAHTN,Adelayed
C:AMitralAregurgitation,Adelayed
D:AIncreasedAleftAventricularAdiastolicApressures,AearlyA-AAnswer✓Ad
__________AisAusedAtoAestimateA__________
A:ASimpsonArule,AleftAventricularAEF%
B:ABernoulliAequation,ArightAatrialApressure
C:AContinuityAequation,ApeakApressureAgradientAatAtheAaorticAvalve
D:Adp/dt,AdiastolicAfunctionAofAtheAleftAventricleA-AAnswer✓Aa
______________AisAaAtermAusedAtoAdescribeAthe
discordantAmotionAofAaAcardiacAwallAsegment.
A:Aakinesis
B:Ahypokinesis
C:Adyskinesis
D:AhyperkinesisA-AAnswer✓Ac
Hypokinesia-AdecreasesAcontractility
Akinesia-AabsenceAofAwallAmotion
Dyskinesia-AparadoxicalAwallAmotion;AasAtheAnormalAmyocardiumAcontractsAthe
increasedApressureAinAtheAleftAventricularAcavityAcausesAdistentionAofAtheAischemic
segmentAwhichApassivelyAretractsAandAmovesAinAaAdirectionAoppositeAtoAtheAnorma
myocardium
____________________AisAdefinedAasAanAabnormal
connectionAofAtheAleftAsubclavianAveinAtoAthe
,coronaryAsinus.
A:ADiGeorgeAsyndrome
B:ApersistentAleftASVC
C:ApersistentArightASVC
D:AEbsteinAmalformationA-AAnswer✓Ab
11.AWhichAofAtheAfollowingAechocardiographicAfindings
isAleastAlikelyAtoAbeAassociatedAwithAEhlers-Danlos
syndrome?
A:AMVP
B:AASD
C:AsinusAofAValsalvaAaneurysm
D:AperipheralApulmonaryAstenosisA-AAnswer✓Ad
28.AAAvenaAcontractaAwidthAgreaterAthanAorAequal
toA_____AindicatesAsevereAmitral
regurgitation.
A:A3mm
B:ASmm
C:.A7mm
D:A9mmA-AAnswer✓Ac
2DAevaluationAdemonstratesAaAdilatedAleftAventricle
withAanAEFAofA80%AandAaA3.8cmAleftAatrium.AWhat
willAtheAcolorADopplerAevaluationAdemonstrateAto
explainAtheseAfindings?
A:AmoderateAaorticAregurgitationAandAmoderateAmitralAregurgitation
,B:AisolatedAmoderateAaorticAregurgitation
C:AaorticAstenosis
D:A3mmAVSDA-AAnswer✓Ab
52.AWhichAofAtheAfollowingAstatementsAcorrectly
describesAnormalAflowAinAtheAcoronaryAarteries?
A:AresistanceAtoAflowAinAtheAcoronaryAarteriesAisAusuallyAquiteAhigh
B:AflowAmovesAintoAtheAcoronaryAarteriesAatAaAcontinuousArateAthroughoutAtheAcardiacAcycl
e
C:AearlyAinAventricularAdiastoleAflowAmovesAintoAtheAcoronaryAarteries
D:AduringAtheAisovolumicArelaxationAperiodAflowAmovesAintoAtheAcoronaryAarteriesAasAitAex
its
theALVA-AAnswer✓Ac
8.AWhichAtypeAofAvalvularAregurgitationAusually
demonstratesAtheAhighestApressureAgradient?
A:APulmonaryAinsufficiency
B:AAorticAinsufficiency
C:ATricuspidAregurgitation
D:AMitralAregurgitationA-AAnswer✓Ad
81.AWhichAtheAfollowingAisAcommonlyAdemonstrated
withArightAventricularAinfarction?
A:AhypertrophiedArightAventricle
B:AdilatedApulmonaryAartery
C:AdilatedArightAventricle
D:AhighAvelocityAtricuspidAregurgitationA-AAnswer✓Ac
AA20yrAoldAmaleApresentsAforAanAechoAwithAvisible
distensionAofAtheAjugularAveins.AWhichAofAthe
followingAisAtheAleastAlikelyAcauseAforAthisAsymptom?
, A:AAorticAcoarctation
B:APulmonaryAHTN
C:ATricuspidAstenosis
D:AConstrictiveApericarditisA-AAnswer✓Aa
AA22yrAoldApatientApresentsAforAanAechoAandAyou
identifyAbiventricularAwallAthickening,Amild
pericardialAeffusionAandAthickeningAofAtheAleafletsAof
allAfourAvalves.AWhichAofAtheAfollowingAisAtheAmost
likelyAcauseAforAtheseAfindings?
A:Aamyloidosis
B:AhypertrophicAcardiomyopathy
C:AcarcinoidAdisease
D:ArheumaticAfeverA-AAnswer✓Aa
AAcardiacAmurmurAisAauscultatedAwithAtheApatient
supine.ATheAmurmurAgetsAlouderAwhenAtheApatient
standsAnextAtoAtheAtable.ATheseAfindingsAareAmost
suggestiveAof?
A:ABicuspidAaorticAvalveAwithoutAstenosis
B:ARheumaticAvalveAdisease
C:AAorticAinsufficiency
D:AHypertrophicAcardiomyopathyA-AAnswer✓Ad
AAcolorADopplerAjetAofAaorticAinsufficiencyAthatAfills
approximatelyA1/2AofAtheALVOTAwidthAindicates
whatAlevelAofAaorticAinsufficiency?
A:Atrace
B:Amild
C:Amoderate