NURS 4325 RAC UTA FINAL TEST 2026
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
GRADED A+
◍ Match the definitions with the types of sampling. Subjects are not selected
with probability sampling methodsConvenience samplingProbability
samplingCluster samplingQuota samplingPurposive samplingNetwork
sampling.
Answer: Convenience sampling
◍ Pilot Study.
Answer: A small-scale preliminary study conducted to test the feasibility,
time, cost, and adverse events involved in a research project.
◍ Role of the Nurse in Research.
Answer: Nurses participate in research by conducting studies, applying
findings to practice, and advocating for evidence-based care.
◍ Who updates their nursing knowledge base by critiquing the research
literature for findings to use in the classroom and clinical
agencies?AdministratorsNurse educatorsNurse researchersPracticing nurses.
Answer: nurse educators
◍ In recruiting subjects for a study, the researcher needs to:- Avoid difficult or
unpleasant individuals.- Follow the sampling criteria.- Obtain large groups
rather than individual contacts if direct contact is necessary.- Use the
telephone or mail whenever possible rather than direct contact.
Answer: Follow the sampling criteria.
◍ A critique of a qualitative study indicated that insufficient data were
gathered and insufficient time was spent gathering data. This means the
study has a threat to:analytical preciseness.documentation rigor.ethical
, rigor.procedural rigor.
Answer: procedural rigor
◍ Randomization.
Answer: The process of assigning participants to different groups in a study
randomly to reduce bias.
◍ Breach of Confidentiality.
Answer: The violation of privacy where personal information about a
participant is disclosed without consent.
◍ Quantitative Research Types.
Answer: Includes Descriptive (describing characteristics), Correlational
(examining relationships), Quasi-Experimental (lacking random
assignment), and Experimental (involving random assignment).
◍ Control Groups.
Answer: Groups in an experiment that do not receive the treatment or
intervention, used as a benchmark to measure the effects of the treatment.
◍ The nurse would like to research patients' perceptions of pain. The nurse
focuses on qualitative studies. What characteristic will likely be included in
the qualitative research studies?Basic elements of analysis consist of
numbers.The basis of theory development is a characteristic.Data are
analyzed with statistics.Generalization of findings is important..
Answer: The basis of theory development is a characteristic
◍ Which of the following is a type of nonprobability
sampling?PurposiveSimple randomStratifiedSystematic.
Answer: Purposive
◍ The researcher understands that which of the following would be an
example of systematic error?- A thermometer that indicates the body
temperature as 0.1° higher than the accurate temperature.- The rapport of the
subject with the data collector.- The playfulness or seriousness of the
situation during data collection.- Variations in fatigue in subjects when
measures are taken..
, Answer: A thermometer that indicates the body temperature as 0.1° higher
than the accurate temperature
◍ Willowbrook Study.
Answer: A controversial study conducted in the 1950s and 1960s involving
children with intellectual disabilities at the Willowbrook State School,
where ethical standards were violated.
◍ Anonymity vs. Confidentiality.
Answer: Anonymity means that participants' identities are not known to
researchers, while confidentiality means that researchers know participants'
identities but keep them private.
◍ Correlation vs. Causation.
Answer: Correlation indicates a relationship between two variables, while
causation implies that one variable directly affects the other.
◍ Evidence-Based Practice vs. Research vs. QI.
Answer: Evidence-Based Practice integrates clinical expertise with the best
available research; Research generates new knowledge; Quality
Improvement (QI) focuses on improving processes and outcomes in
healthcare.
◍ A practicing nurse critiqued the purpose statement of a study and found that
the purpose: (1) identified the goal of the study; (2) included the variables,
population, and setting of the study; and (3) was feasible to research. This
example demonstrates what level of quantitative research
critique?AnalysisComparisonComprehensionEvaluation.
Answer: comparison
◍ Levels of Evidence.
Answer: A hierarchy of evidence used in evidence-based practice, including
Systematic Reviews (SR), Meta-Analyses (MA), Randomized Controlled
Trials (RCT), and Quasi-Experimental studies.
◍ A nurse critiqued the sample and site of a qualitative study and found it to
be extremely detailed so that it was almost like being in the setting and
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
GRADED A+
◍ Match the definitions with the types of sampling. Subjects are not selected
with probability sampling methodsConvenience samplingProbability
samplingCluster samplingQuota samplingPurposive samplingNetwork
sampling.
Answer: Convenience sampling
◍ Pilot Study.
Answer: A small-scale preliminary study conducted to test the feasibility,
time, cost, and adverse events involved in a research project.
◍ Role of the Nurse in Research.
Answer: Nurses participate in research by conducting studies, applying
findings to practice, and advocating for evidence-based care.
◍ Who updates their nursing knowledge base by critiquing the research
literature for findings to use in the classroom and clinical
agencies?AdministratorsNurse educatorsNurse researchersPracticing nurses.
Answer: nurse educators
◍ In recruiting subjects for a study, the researcher needs to:- Avoid difficult or
unpleasant individuals.- Follow the sampling criteria.- Obtain large groups
rather than individual contacts if direct contact is necessary.- Use the
telephone or mail whenever possible rather than direct contact.
Answer: Follow the sampling criteria.
◍ A critique of a qualitative study indicated that insufficient data were
gathered and insufficient time was spent gathering data. This means the
study has a threat to:analytical preciseness.documentation rigor.ethical
, rigor.procedural rigor.
Answer: procedural rigor
◍ Randomization.
Answer: The process of assigning participants to different groups in a study
randomly to reduce bias.
◍ Breach of Confidentiality.
Answer: The violation of privacy where personal information about a
participant is disclosed without consent.
◍ Quantitative Research Types.
Answer: Includes Descriptive (describing characteristics), Correlational
(examining relationships), Quasi-Experimental (lacking random
assignment), and Experimental (involving random assignment).
◍ Control Groups.
Answer: Groups in an experiment that do not receive the treatment or
intervention, used as a benchmark to measure the effects of the treatment.
◍ The nurse would like to research patients' perceptions of pain. The nurse
focuses on qualitative studies. What characteristic will likely be included in
the qualitative research studies?Basic elements of analysis consist of
numbers.The basis of theory development is a characteristic.Data are
analyzed with statistics.Generalization of findings is important..
Answer: The basis of theory development is a characteristic
◍ Which of the following is a type of nonprobability
sampling?PurposiveSimple randomStratifiedSystematic.
Answer: Purposive
◍ The researcher understands that which of the following would be an
example of systematic error?- A thermometer that indicates the body
temperature as 0.1° higher than the accurate temperature.- The rapport of the
subject with the data collector.- The playfulness or seriousness of the
situation during data collection.- Variations in fatigue in subjects when
measures are taken..
, Answer: A thermometer that indicates the body temperature as 0.1° higher
than the accurate temperature
◍ Willowbrook Study.
Answer: A controversial study conducted in the 1950s and 1960s involving
children with intellectual disabilities at the Willowbrook State School,
where ethical standards were violated.
◍ Anonymity vs. Confidentiality.
Answer: Anonymity means that participants' identities are not known to
researchers, while confidentiality means that researchers know participants'
identities but keep them private.
◍ Correlation vs. Causation.
Answer: Correlation indicates a relationship between two variables, while
causation implies that one variable directly affects the other.
◍ Evidence-Based Practice vs. Research vs. QI.
Answer: Evidence-Based Practice integrates clinical expertise with the best
available research; Research generates new knowledge; Quality
Improvement (QI) focuses on improving processes and outcomes in
healthcare.
◍ A practicing nurse critiqued the purpose statement of a study and found that
the purpose: (1) identified the goal of the study; (2) included the variables,
population, and setting of the study; and (3) was feasible to research. This
example demonstrates what level of quantitative research
critique?AnalysisComparisonComprehensionEvaluation.
Answer: comparison
◍ Levels of Evidence.
Answer: A hierarchy of evidence used in evidence-based practice, including
Systematic Reviews (SR), Meta-Analyses (MA), Randomized Controlled
Trials (RCT), and Quasi-Experimental studies.
◍ A nurse critiqued the sample and site of a qualitative study and found it to
be extremely detailed so that it was almost like being in the setting and
