BIO 261 - Exam 4 - Penny Powell
Questions Fully Solved.
the study of the occurrence, distribution, and determinants of health and disease in a
population - Answer epidemiology
the number of new cases of the disease in a given period of time - Answer incidence
the total number of new and existing cases in a population in a given time - Answer
prevalence
have to be reported so the public health can be protected - Answer notifiable diseases
reports who is sick, who is dying, and where it is happening - Answer MMWR
when a disease occurs in a large number of people in a population at the same time - Answer
epidemic
when a disease is widespread, usually worldwide - Answer pandemic
a disease that is constantly present in a population, usually at low incidences - Answer
endemic
-individuals that are infected with a pathogen that causes endemic disease
-may be human or non human animals - Answer reservoirs
occurs when a number of cases of a disease are reported in a short period of time - Answer
disease outbreak
diseased individuals who show mild or no symptoms have - Answer subclinical infections
-pathogen infected individuals showing no signs of clinical disease
-potential source of infections
-may be individuals in the incubation period of the disease
-example: Typhoid Mary - Answer carriers
, -host and pathogen survive
-a well adapted pathogen lives in balance with its host - Answer chronic infections
-pathogen can be a selective force
-new pathogens sometimes emerge for which the host has no resistance - Answer acute
infections
stages of disease - Answer infection, incubation period, acute period, decline period,
convalescent period
the organism invades and colonizes the host - Answer infection
the time between infection and onset of symptoms - Answer incubation period
the disease is at its height - Answer acute period
disease symptoms are subsiding - Answer decline period
patients regains strength and returns to normal - Answer convalescent period
the incidence of death in a population - Answer mortality
the incidence of disease, including fatal and nonfatal diseases - Answer morbidity
resistance of a group to infection due to immunity of a high proportion of the group - Answer
herd immunity
-escape from a host, travel, entry into new host
-can be direct or indirect - Answer pathogen transmission
infected individual transmits a disease directly to a susceptible host without the assistance of an
intermediary (flu, common cold, STDs, ringworm) - Answer direct host-to-host transmission
occurs when transmission is facilitated by a living or nonliving agent - Answer indirect host-
to-host transmission
Questions Fully Solved.
the study of the occurrence, distribution, and determinants of health and disease in a
population - Answer epidemiology
the number of new cases of the disease in a given period of time - Answer incidence
the total number of new and existing cases in a population in a given time - Answer
prevalence
have to be reported so the public health can be protected - Answer notifiable diseases
reports who is sick, who is dying, and where it is happening - Answer MMWR
when a disease occurs in a large number of people in a population at the same time - Answer
epidemic
when a disease is widespread, usually worldwide - Answer pandemic
a disease that is constantly present in a population, usually at low incidences - Answer
endemic
-individuals that are infected with a pathogen that causes endemic disease
-may be human or non human animals - Answer reservoirs
occurs when a number of cases of a disease are reported in a short period of time - Answer
disease outbreak
diseased individuals who show mild or no symptoms have - Answer subclinical infections
-pathogen infected individuals showing no signs of clinical disease
-potential source of infections
-may be individuals in the incubation period of the disease
-example: Typhoid Mary - Answer carriers
, -host and pathogen survive
-a well adapted pathogen lives in balance with its host - Answer chronic infections
-pathogen can be a selective force
-new pathogens sometimes emerge for which the host has no resistance - Answer acute
infections
stages of disease - Answer infection, incubation period, acute period, decline period,
convalescent period
the organism invades and colonizes the host - Answer infection
the time between infection and onset of symptoms - Answer incubation period
the disease is at its height - Answer acute period
disease symptoms are subsiding - Answer decline period
patients regains strength and returns to normal - Answer convalescent period
the incidence of death in a population - Answer mortality
the incidence of disease, including fatal and nonfatal diseases - Answer morbidity
resistance of a group to infection due to immunity of a high proportion of the group - Answer
herd immunity
-escape from a host, travel, entry into new host
-can be direct or indirect - Answer pathogen transmission
infected individual transmits a disease directly to a susceptible host without the assistance of an
intermediary (flu, common cold, STDs, ringworm) - Answer direct host-to-host transmission
occurs when transmission is facilitated by a living or nonliving agent - Answer indirect host-
to-host transmission
