AND VERIFIED CORRECT ANSWERS
GRADED A+ 100% GUARABTEED PASS
[LATEST 2026-2027]
Objective Data: gathered through physical assessment, lab tests, and other diagnostic sources
Assessment prior to medication administration - CORRECT ANSWER-Health History/ Initial
History: nurse must assess key components that could potentially affect the outcomes of drug
administration
Three Checks of Administration:
-Checking drug with MAR or medication information system when removing it from storage
-Checking drug when preparing it, pouring it, taking it out of the unit-dose container, or
connecting the IV tubing to bag
-Checking drug before administering it to the patient
Assessing barriers to learning - CORRECT ANSWER--Healthcare agencies are required to provide
translation service for patients
-If family member is translating, the nurse should be sure that the interpreter first understands
and repeats information back to the nurse before translating back to patient
-Use pictures, simple drawings, nonverbal cues, and body language when communicating with
patient
-Older patients may need teaching materials that are repeated slowly and in small increments
(may be necessary to co-teach caregiver)
,Recognize & Aim of key nursing interventions - CORRECT ANSWER-Primary Intervention:
monitoring drug effects
Aim: monitor for therapeutic drug effect, monitor subjective and objective data, monitor for
side and adverse effects and attempts to limit those effects
How to measure outcomes and revise care - effectiveness of teaching - CORRECT ANSWER-
Evaluation Phase: Compare patient's current health status with desired outcome
-If evaluation data show no improvement over baseline data, then intervention requires revision
-Nurse also evaluates the effectiveness of teaching provided and notes where further drug
education is needed
Describe the physiological changes during pregnancy that may affect the pharmacokinetics of
drugs. - CORRECT ANSWER-Absorption:
-Hormonal changes affect absorption
-Inhaled drugs may be absorbed faster
Distribution & Metabolism:
-Changes in cardiac output, plasma volume, and regional blood flow change distribution and
metabolism
Excretion:
-Rate of excretion may increase
Recognize the responsibilities of the nurse in administering medications to patients across the
lifespan - CORRECT ANSWER--Patient drug allergies
, -Expected action, dose range, side effects of medication, and any precautions
-Developmental state of the infant/child/ adolescent
-Alterations in the patient's condition or underlying conditions
-Patient and family level of understanding of medication
Describe physiological and biochemical changes that occur in the older adult, and how these
affect pharmacotherapies - CORRECT ANSWER-Absorption of drugs are slower in older adults:
-diminished gastric motility
-decreased blood flow to digestive organs
-Increased gastric pH (oral tablets/ capsules that require high levels of acid for absorption may
take longer to become available to tissues)
Distribution is slower in older adults:
-increased body fat
-reduced plasma level (therapeutic response is diminished)
-less body water (dehydration becomes severe and leads to drug toxicity)
-liver malfunction (increase for potential of drug-drug interaction)
-decreased cardiac output (slow drug distribution)
Metabolism reduced in older adults:
-reduced first-pass metabolism
-decreased production of liver enzymes (prolongs and intensifies drug response)
-Half-life of many drugs increased
-Tissue concentrations increased
Excretion reduced in Older Adults:
-reduced renal blood flow