TEST BANK
m
,EssentialsmofmPathophysiologym4thmEditionmbymPorthmTestmBankmC
hapterm01m-mCellmStructuremandmFunction
MULTIPLEmCHOICE
(AnswersmarematmthemendmofmeachmChapter)
1. Themnucleus ,mwhichmismessentialmformfunctionmandmsurvivalmofmthemcell.
a. ismthemsitemofmproteinmsynthesis
b. containsmthemgeneticmcode
c. transformsmcellularmenergy
d. initiatesmaerobicmmetabolism
2. Althoughmenergymismnotmmademinmmitochondria,mtheymaremknownmasmthempowermplantsmofmthemcel
lmbecausemthey:
a. containmRNAmformproteinm synthesis.
b. utilizemglycolysismformoxidativemenergy.
c. extractmenergymfromm organicm compounds.
d. storemcalciummbondsmform musclemcontractions.
3. Althoughmthembasicmstructuremofmthemcellmplasmammembranemismformedmbymamlipidmbilayer,mm
ostmofmthemspecificmmembranemfunctionsmaremcarriedmoutmby:
a. boundm andm transmembranem proteins.
b. complex,m longm carbohydratem chains.
c. surfacemantigensmandmhormonem receptors.
d. amgatingmsystemmofmselectivem ionmchannels.
4. Tomeffectivelymrelaymsignals,mcell-to-cellmcommunicationm utilizesmchemicalm messengermsystemsm that:
a. displacem surfacem receptorm proteins.
b. accumulatem withinmcellmgapmjunctions.
c. bindmtom contractilem microfilaments.
d. releasemsecretionsmintom extracellularm fluid
5. Aerobicmmetabolism,malsom knownmasmoxidativemmetabolism,mprovidesmenergymby:
, a. removingm them phosphatem bondsm fromm ATP.
b. combiningmhydrogenm andm oxygenm tom formm water.
c. activatingmpyruvatemstoredminmthemcytoplasm.
d. breakingmdownmglucosemtomformmlacticm acid.
6. Exocytosis,m them reversem ofm endocytosis,m ismimportantm in intomthemextracellularmfluid.
a. Engulfingmandmingestingmfluidmandmproteinsmformtransport
b. Killing,mdegrading,mandmdissolvingmharmfulm microorganisms
c. Removingmcellularmdebrism andmreleasingmsynthesizedm substances
d. Destructionmofmparticlesm bymlysosomalmenzymesmform secretion
7. Themprocessmresponsiblemformgeneratingmandmconductingmmembranem potentialsmis:
a. diffusionm ofm current-carryingm ions.
b. millivoltagemofmelectricalmpotential.
c. polarizationm ofmchargedm particles.
d. ionm channelm neurotransmission.
8. Epithelialmtissuesmaremclassifiedmaccordingmtomthemshapemofmthemcellsmandmthemnumbermofmlayers.m
Whichmofmthem followingm ism am correctlym matchedm descriptionm andm typem ofm epithelialm tissue?
a. Simplemepithelium:mcellsminmcontactmwithmintercellularm matrix;msomemdomnotmextendmtomsurface
b. Stratifiedmepithelium:msinglemlayermofmcells;mallmcellsmrestmonmbasementmmembrane
c. Glandularmepithelium:marisemfrommsurfacemepitheliamandmunderlyingmconnectivem tissue
d. Pseudostratifiedmepithelium:m multiplemlayersmofmcells;mdeepestmlayerm restsmonm basementm membra
ne
9. Connectivemtissuemcontainsmfibroblastsmthatmaremresponsiblemfor:
a. providingm am fibrousm frameworkm formcapillaries.
, b. synthesismofmcollagen,melastin,mandmreticularm fibers.
c. formingmtendonsmandmthemfasciamthatmcoversm muscles.
d. fillingmspacesmbetweenmtissuesmtomkeepmorgansminmplace.
10. Althoughmallmmusclemtissuemcellsmhavemsomemsimilarities,msmoothmmusclem(alsomknownmasminvo
luntarymmuscle)mdiffersmby:
A) havingmdensembodiesmattachedmtomactinm filaments.
B) containingmsarcomeresmbetweenmZmlinesmandmMmbands.
C) havingmrapidmcontractionsm andmabundantmcross-striations.
D) contractingminmresponsemtomincreasedmintracellularm calcium.
11. Whichmofmthemfollowingmaspectsmofmthemfunctionm ofmthemnucleusmismperformedm bymribosomalm RNAm(r
RNA)?
A) CopyingmandmcarryingmDNAminstructionsmformproteinm synthesis
B) Carryingmaminomacidsmtomthemsitemofmproteinm synthesis
C) Providingmthemsitemwheremproteinmsynthesismoccurs
D) Regulatingmandmcontrollingm proteinmsynthesis
12. Breakdownmandmremovalmofmforeignmsubstancesmandmworn-
outmcellmpartsmaremperformedmbymwhichmofmthemfollowingmorganelles?
A) Lysosomes
B) Golgimapparatus
C) Ribosomes
D) Endoplasmicmreticulumm(ER)
13. Impairmentminmthemfunctionm ofmperoxisomesmwouldmresultmin:
A) inadequatemsitesmformproteinmsynthesis.
B) anminabilitymtomtransportmcellularmproductsmacrossmthem cellmmembrane.
m
,EssentialsmofmPathophysiologym4thmEditionmbymPorthmTestmBankmC
hapterm01m-mCellmStructuremandmFunction
MULTIPLEmCHOICE
(AnswersmarematmthemendmofmeachmChapter)
1. Themnucleus ,mwhichmismessentialmformfunctionmandmsurvivalmofmthemcell.
a. ismthemsitemofmproteinmsynthesis
b. containsmthemgeneticmcode
c. transformsmcellularmenergy
d. initiatesmaerobicmmetabolism
2. Althoughmenergymismnotmmademinmmitochondria,mtheymaremknownmasmthempowermplantsmofmthemcel
lmbecausemthey:
a. containmRNAmformproteinm synthesis.
b. utilizemglycolysismformoxidativemenergy.
c. extractmenergymfromm organicm compounds.
d. storemcalciummbondsmform musclemcontractions.
3. Althoughmthembasicmstructuremofmthemcellmplasmammembranemismformedmbymamlipidmbilayer,mm
ostmofmthemspecificmmembranemfunctionsmaremcarriedmoutmby:
a. boundm andm transmembranem proteins.
b. complex,m longm carbohydratem chains.
c. surfacemantigensmandmhormonem receptors.
d. amgatingmsystemmofmselectivem ionmchannels.
4. Tomeffectivelymrelaymsignals,mcell-to-cellmcommunicationm utilizesmchemicalm messengermsystemsm that:
a. displacem surfacem receptorm proteins.
b. accumulatem withinmcellmgapmjunctions.
c. bindmtom contractilem microfilaments.
d. releasemsecretionsmintom extracellularm fluid
5. Aerobicmmetabolism,malsom knownmasmoxidativemmetabolism,mprovidesmenergymby:
, a. removingm them phosphatem bondsm fromm ATP.
b. combiningmhydrogenm andm oxygenm tom formm water.
c. activatingmpyruvatemstoredminmthemcytoplasm.
d. breakingmdownmglucosemtomformmlacticm acid.
6. Exocytosis,m them reversem ofm endocytosis,m ismimportantm in intomthemextracellularmfluid.
a. Engulfingmandmingestingmfluidmandmproteinsmformtransport
b. Killing,mdegrading,mandmdissolvingmharmfulm microorganisms
c. Removingmcellularmdebrism andmreleasingmsynthesizedm substances
d. Destructionmofmparticlesm bymlysosomalmenzymesmform secretion
7. Themprocessmresponsiblemformgeneratingmandmconductingmmembranem potentialsmis:
a. diffusionm ofm current-carryingm ions.
b. millivoltagemofmelectricalmpotential.
c. polarizationm ofmchargedm particles.
d. ionm channelm neurotransmission.
8. Epithelialmtissuesmaremclassifiedmaccordingmtomthemshapemofmthemcellsmandmthemnumbermofmlayers.m
Whichmofmthem followingm ism am correctlym matchedm descriptionm andm typem ofm epithelialm tissue?
a. Simplemepithelium:mcellsminmcontactmwithmintercellularm matrix;msomemdomnotmextendmtomsurface
b. Stratifiedmepithelium:msinglemlayermofmcells;mallmcellsmrestmonmbasementmmembrane
c. Glandularmepithelium:marisemfrommsurfacemepitheliamandmunderlyingmconnectivem tissue
d. Pseudostratifiedmepithelium:m multiplemlayersmofmcells;mdeepestmlayerm restsmonm basementm membra
ne
9. Connectivemtissuemcontainsmfibroblastsmthatmaremresponsiblemfor:
a. providingm am fibrousm frameworkm formcapillaries.
, b. synthesismofmcollagen,melastin,mandmreticularm fibers.
c. formingmtendonsmandmthemfasciamthatmcoversm muscles.
d. fillingmspacesmbetweenmtissuesmtomkeepmorgansminmplace.
10. Althoughmallmmusclemtissuemcellsmhavemsomemsimilarities,msmoothmmusclem(alsomknownmasminvo
luntarymmuscle)mdiffersmby:
A) havingmdensembodiesmattachedmtomactinm filaments.
B) containingmsarcomeresmbetweenmZmlinesmandmMmbands.
C) havingmrapidmcontractionsm andmabundantmcross-striations.
D) contractingminmresponsemtomincreasedmintracellularm calcium.
11. Whichmofmthemfollowingmaspectsmofmthemfunctionm ofmthemnucleusmismperformedm bymribosomalm RNAm(r
RNA)?
A) CopyingmandmcarryingmDNAminstructionsmformproteinm synthesis
B) Carryingmaminomacidsmtomthemsitemofmproteinm synthesis
C) Providingmthemsitemwheremproteinmsynthesismoccurs
D) Regulatingmandmcontrollingm proteinmsynthesis
12. Breakdownmandmremovalmofmforeignmsubstancesmandmworn-
outmcellmpartsmaremperformedmbymwhichmofmthemfollowingmorganelles?
A) Lysosomes
B) Golgimapparatus
C) Ribosomes
D) Endoplasmicmreticulumm(ER)
13. Impairmentminmthemfunctionm ofmperoxisomesmwouldmresultmin:
A) inadequatemsitesmformproteinmsynthesis.
B) anminabilitymtomtransportmcellularmproductsmacrossmthem cellmmembrane.
