WGU C787: Nutrition And Pharmacology
For Nursing Practice With Questions
And Answers With Rationales/Graded
A+/2026 Update/100% Correct /Instant
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Section 1: Macronutrients & Micronutrients (Questions 1–12)
1. A patient with uncontrolled hypertension is advised to follow the DASH diet.
Which nutrient combination is the primary focus of this diet?
• A) High protein, low carbohydrate, no sodium
• B) High potassium, high magnesium, low sodium
• C) High calcium, high phosphorus, low fat
• D) High iron, high vitamin C, low sugar
Rationale: The DASH diet emphasizes potassium, magnesium, and calcium while
limiting sodium to lower blood pressure.
2. Which vitamin deficiency is most likely to cause neural tube defects in a
developing fetus?
• A) Vitamin B12
• B) Folate (B9)
• C) Vitamin D
• D) Vitamin K
Rationale: Folate is critical for neural tube closure during the first trimester;
deficiency leads to spina bifida or anencephaly.
3. A vegan patient presents with peripheral neuropathy and megaloblastic anemia.
Which nutrient deficiency is the most probable cause?
, • A) Iron
• B) Vitamin B12
• C) Riboflavin
• D) Zinc
Rationale: Vitamin B12 is found almost exclusively in animal products;
deficiency causes neurologic symptoms and macrocytic anemia.
4. Which fat-soluble vitamin acts as an antioxidant and protects cell membranes
from oxidative damage?
• A) Vitamin A
• B) Vitamin E
• C) Vitamin D
• D) Vitamin K
Rationale: Vitamin E (tocopherol) scavenges free radicals, protecting
polyunsaturated fatty acids in membranes.
5. A patient taking warfarin suddenly increases intake of leafy green vegetables.
What lab value must be closely monitored?
• A) Platelet count
• B) aPTT
• C) INR
• D) Fibrinogen
Rationale: Leafy greens are high in vitamin K, which antagonizes warfarin’s
effect, lowering INR and increasing clot risk.
6. Which trace mineral is essential for thyroid hormone synthesis?
• A) Selenium
• B) Iodine
• C) Manganese
• D) Chromium
, Rationale: Iodine is incorporated into thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3).
7. A patient with iron-deficiency anemia is prescribed ferrous sulfate. Which co-
administration enhances absorption?
• A) Calcium carbonate
• B) Vitamin C (ascorbic acid)
• C) Antacids
• D) Green tea
Rationale: Vitamin C reduces ferric iron to ferrous iron, increasing gastrointestinal
absorption.
8. A child presents with bowed legs and delayed tooth eruption. Which vitamin
deficiency is most consistent with rickets?
• A) Vitamin A
• B) Vitamin C
• C) Vitamin D
• D) Vitamin E
Rationale: Vitamin D deficiency impairs calcium absorption, leading to defective
bone mineralization in children.
9. Which electrolyte imbalance is a common adverse effect of loop diuretics like
furosemide?
• A) Hyperkalemia
• B) Hypokalemia
• C) Hypernatremia
• D) Hypercalcemia
Rationale: Loop diuretics inhibit sodium-potassium-chloride reabsorption in the
loop of Henle, increasing potassium excretion.
10. A patient with chronic kidney disease has a serum phosphorus of 6.2 mg/dL
(high). Which medication is most appropriate?
• A) Calcitriol
For Nursing Practice With Questions
And Answers With Rationales/Graded
A+/2026 Update/100% Correct /Instant
Download
Section 1: Macronutrients & Micronutrients (Questions 1–12)
1. A patient with uncontrolled hypertension is advised to follow the DASH diet.
Which nutrient combination is the primary focus of this diet?
• A) High protein, low carbohydrate, no sodium
• B) High potassium, high magnesium, low sodium
• C) High calcium, high phosphorus, low fat
• D) High iron, high vitamin C, low sugar
Rationale: The DASH diet emphasizes potassium, magnesium, and calcium while
limiting sodium to lower blood pressure.
2. Which vitamin deficiency is most likely to cause neural tube defects in a
developing fetus?
• A) Vitamin B12
• B) Folate (B9)
• C) Vitamin D
• D) Vitamin K
Rationale: Folate is critical for neural tube closure during the first trimester;
deficiency leads to spina bifida or anencephaly.
3. A vegan patient presents with peripheral neuropathy and megaloblastic anemia.
Which nutrient deficiency is the most probable cause?
, • A) Iron
• B) Vitamin B12
• C) Riboflavin
• D) Zinc
Rationale: Vitamin B12 is found almost exclusively in animal products;
deficiency causes neurologic symptoms and macrocytic anemia.
4. Which fat-soluble vitamin acts as an antioxidant and protects cell membranes
from oxidative damage?
• A) Vitamin A
• B) Vitamin E
• C) Vitamin D
• D) Vitamin K
Rationale: Vitamin E (tocopherol) scavenges free radicals, protecting
polyunsaturated fatty acids in membranes.
5. A patient taking warfarin suddenly increases intake of leafy green vegetables.
What lab value must be closely monitored?
• A) Platelet count
• B) aPTT
• C) INR
• D) Fibrinogen
Rationale: Leafy greens are high in vitamin K, which antagonizes warfarin’s
effect, lowering INR and increasing clot risk.
6. Which trace mineral is essential for thyroid hormone synthesis?
• A) Selenium
• B) Iodine
• C) Manganese
• D) Chromium
, Rationale: Iodine is incorporated into thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3).
7. A patient with iron-deficiency anemia is prescribed ferrous sulfate. Which co-
administration enhances absorption?
• A) Calcium carbonate
• B) Vitamin C (ascorbic acid)
• C) Antacids
• D) Green tea
Rationale: Vitamin C reduces ferric iron to ferrous iron, increasing gastrointestinal
absorption.
8. A child presents with bowed legs and delayed tooth eruption. Which vitamin
deficiency is most consistent with rickets?
• A) Vitamin A
• B) Vitamin C
• C) Vitamin D
• D) Vitamin E
Rationale: Vitamin D deficiency impairs calcium absorption, leading to defective
bone mineralization in children.
9. Which electrolyte imbalance is a common adverse effect of loop diuretics like
furosemide?
• A) Hyperkalemia
• B) Hypokalemia
• C) Hypernatremia
• D) Hypercalcemia
Rationale: Loop diuretics inhibit sodium-potassium-chloride reabsorption in the
loop of Henle, increasing potassium excretion.
10. A patient with chronic kidney disease has a serum phosphorus of 6.2 mg/dL
(high). Which medication is most appropriate?
• A) Calcitriol
