QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
UPDATED 2026
nephronA-
AAnswer✓AtheAfunctionAunitAofAtheAkidney,AorAtheAstructureAinAtheAkidneyAthatAdoesAtheAwork,A
isAthe
diabetesA-
AAnswer✓AtheAleadingAcauseAofAchronicAkidneyAdiseaseAforAadultsAinAtheAunitedAstates:
aAglomerulusAandAaAtubuleAsystemA-AAnswer✓AaAnephronAisAmadeAup
elevatedAhematocritA-AAnswer✓AwhichAofAtheAfollowingAisAnotAaAsymptomAofAuremia
5,540mlA-
AAnswer✓AMrs.Asmith'sAdryAweightAisA62Akg.AherApretreatmentAweightAwhenAsheAcameAinAforAtr
eatmentAonAmondayAwasA67kg.AtheAprimingAsalineAamountAisA240ml,AfluidAfromAmedicationAisA100
AmlA,AandAsheAisAnotAallowedAanyAfluidsAduringAtreatment.AwhatAisAtheAtotalAamountAofAfluidAwei
ghtAtoAbeAremovedAduringAherAtreatment?
1,385Aml/hrA-
AAnswer✓AbasedAonAMrs.Asmith'sAtotalAamountAofAfluidsAtoAbeAremoved,AwhatAisAtheAultrafiltrat
ionArateAperAhourA(ml/hr)forAherA4-hourAtreatment?
removingAtooAmuchAfluidsA-
AAnswer✓AwhichAofAtheAfollowingAisAaAcauseAofAhypotensionAduringAandAafterAdialysisAtreatment
s?
154A-
AAnswer✓AtheAscaleAsaysAaApatientAweightsA70Akg.AthisAtheAsameAasAweightingAhowAmanyApoin
tsA(lb)?
7.35-7.45A-AAnswer✓AnormalAbodyAphAis
hypertensionA-AAnswer✓AoneAsighAandAsymptomsAofAfluidsAoverloadAis
, potassiumA-
AAnswer✓AabnormalAlevelsAofAthisAelectrolyteAcanAcauseAcardiacAarrhythmiasAandAevenAdeath
osmosisA-
AAnswer✓AwaterAmovesAacrossAaAmembraneAfromAanAareaAofAlowerAsoluteAconcentrationAtoAanA
areaAofAhigherAsoluteAconcentrationAbyAwhichAprinciple
diffusionA-AAnswer✓AwasteAproductsAareAremovedAduringAdialysisAbyAwhichAprinciple
ultrafiltrationA-
AAnswer✓AexcessAfluidAisAforcedAoutAofAtheAbloodAandAintoAtheAdialysisAbyAwhichAprinciple
osmosisA-
AAnswer✓AtheAmovementAofAtheAfluidAfromAtheAtissueAtowardAaAhigherAconcentrationAofAsodiumA
inAtheAbloodAisAaAexampleAof
diffusionA-AAnswer✓AdecreasingAtheApatient'sAprescribedAbloodAflowAaffectsAtheArateAof
usingAaAbathAthatAwillAprovideAaAgraterAconcentrationAgradientA-
AAnswer✓AwhichAofAtheAfollowingAactionsAwouldAincreaseAdiffusionAduringAdialysis?
ureaA-
AAnswer✓AwhichAofAtheAfollowingAdiffusionAdiffusesAfromAtheApatientsAbloodAduringAdialysis?
transmembraneApressureA-AAnswer✓AultrafiltrationAisAinfluencedAby
peritonitisA-AAnswer✓AtheAmostAcommonAcomplicationAinAperitonealAdialysisAis
hyperglycemiaA-AAnswer✓AtheAdextroseAusedAinAtheAdialysateAforAperitonealAdialysisAcanAcause
immunosuppressiveAmedicationA-
AAnswer✓AifAaApatientAdevelopsAanAinfectionApostAtransplant,AtheAlargestAcontributingAfactorAwou
ldAmostAlikelyAbe:
infectionA-AAnswer✓AtheAmostAfrequentAcauseAofAdeathAinAtheAfirstAyearApostAtransplantAis