1|Page
NURS 615 Advanced Pharmacology — Examination 2
2026/2027 ||Verified Exam!!|| Maryville University
School of Nursing | 75 Questions with Correct
Answers||Newest Exam!!!
How does hypoalbuminemia affect the process of
prescribing? - Answer-Low albumin = more free drug (bc
the drug can't bind to albumin aka protein) = increased
adverse effects
What is a Black Box Warning: - Answer-is considered a
contraindication to administer that drug.
What is the drugs half-life? - Answer-Half-life specifically
means the amount of time it takes for an administered
drug to be halfway cleared from the system.
Peak of action: - Answer-the time between drug
administration and maximum concentration of drug in the
blood stream. Best therapeutic effect.
Duration of action: - Answer-the time between onset of
action and metabolism of drug below the minimum needed
,2|Page
for an effect. The length of time you have the drug in your
system.
According to the WHO what is the first step in the
prescribing process? - Answer-The first step is to define
the patient's problem
The second step is to - Answer-specify the therapeutic
objective
The third step is to - Answer-choose which drug or
treatment is needed.
Step 4 of the WHO approach: - Answer-Start the treatment
Step 5 of the WHO approach: - Answer-Educate the
patient
Step 6 of the WHO approach: - Answer-Monitor the
treatment
,3|Page
Phase 1 of drug development: - Answer-The drug is tested
on healthy volunteers
Phase 2 of drug development: - Answer-trials with people
who have the disease for which the drug is thought to be
effective
Phase 3 of drug development: - Answer-Large numbers of
patients in medical research centers receive the drug in
phase 3. This larger sampling provides information about
infrequent or rare adverse effects. The FFA will approve a
new drug application if phase 3 studies are satisfactory.
Phase 4 of drug development: - Answer-This phase is
voluntary and involves postmarket surveillance of the
drug's therapeutic effects at the completion of phase 3.
The pharmaceutical company receives reports from
doctors and other health care professionals about the
therapeutic results and adverse effects of the drug. Some
medications, for example, have been found to be toxic and
have been removed from the market after their initial
release.
, 4|Page
Explain first pass metabolism - Answer-much of the drug is
lost in the absorption process. The liver metabolizes many
drugs, thus reduces the bioavailabilty of the drug.
What is the fasted route of absorption: - Answer-The
fastest route of absorption is inhalation, and not as
mistakenly considered the IV administration.
Why does the GI tract take longer to absorb? - Answer-
The GI tract is lined with epithelial cells; drugs must
permeate through these cells in order to be absorbed into
the circulatory system.
What is One particular cellular barrier that may prevent
absorption of a given drug? - Answer-the cell membrane.
Cell membranes are essentially lipid bilayers which form a
semipermeable membrane. Pure lipid bilayers are
generally permeable only to small and uncharged solutes,
hence whether or not a molecule is ionized will affect its
absorption, since ionic molecules are charged.
What is solubility? - Answer-Solubility favors charged
species, permeability favors neutral species. Some
NURS 615 Advanced Pharmacology — Examination 2
2026/2027 ||Verified Exam!!|| Maryville University
School of Nursing | 75 Questions with Correct
Answers||Newest Exam!!!
How does hypoalbuminemia affect the process of
prescribing? - Answer-Low albumin = more free drug (bc
the drug can't bind to albumin aka protein) = increased
adverse effects
What is a Black Box Warning: - Answer-is considered a
contraindication to administer that drug.
What is the drugs half-life? - Answer-Half-life specifically
means the amount of time it takes for an administered
drug to be halfway cleared from the system.
Peak of action: - Answer-the time between drug
administration and maximum concentration of drug in the
blood stream. Best therapeutic effect.
Duration of action: - Answer-the time between onset of
action and metabolism of drug below the minimum needed
,2|Page
for an effect. The length of time you have the drug in your
system.
According to the WHO what is the first step in the
prescribing process? - Answer-The first step is to define
the patient's problem
The second step is to - Answer-specify the therapeutic
objective
The third step is to - Answer-choose which drug or
treatment is needed.
Step 4 of the WHO approach: - Answer-Start the treatment
Step 5 of the WHO approach: - Answer-Educate the
patient
Step 6 of the WHO approach: - Answer-Monitor the
treatment
,3|Page
Phase 1 of drug development: - Answer-The drug is tested
on healthy volunteers
Phase 2 of drug development: - Answer-trials with people
who have the disease for which the drug is thought to be
effective
Phase 3 of drug development: - Answer-Large numbers of
patients in medical research centers receive the drug in
phase 3. This larger sampling provides information about
infrequent or rare adverse effects. The FFA will approve a
new drug application if phase 3 studies are satisfactory.
Phase 4 of drug development: - Answer-This phase is
voluntary and involves postmarket surveillance of the
drug's therapeutic effects at the completion of phase 3.
The pharmaceutical company receives reports from
doctors and other health care professionals about the
therapeutic results and adverse effects of the drug. Some
medications, for example, have been found to be toxic and
have been removed from the market after their initial
release.
, 4|Page
Explain first pass metabolism - Answer-much of the drug is
lost in the absorption process. The liver metabolizes many
drugs, thus reduces the bioavailabilty of the drug.
What is the fasted route of absorption: - Answer-The
fastest route of absorption is inhalation, and not as
mistakenly considered the IV administration.
Why does the GI tract take longer to absorb? - Answer-
The GI tract is lined with epithelial cells; drugs must
permeate through these cells in order to be absorbed into
the circulatory system.
What is One particular cellular barrier that may prevent
absorption of a given drug? - Answer-the cell membrane.
Cell membranes are essentially lipid bilayers which form a
semipermeable membrane. Pure lipid bilayers are
generally permeable only to small and uncharged solutes,
hence whether or not a molecule is ionized will affect its
absorption, since ionic molecules are charged.
What is solubility? - Answer-Solubility favors charged
species, permeability favors neutral species. Some
